GlmY RNA explained

Glm Y RNA activator of glmS mRNA
Symbol:	GlmY_tke1
Altsymbols:	tke1
Rfam:	RF00128
Rna Type:	Gene sRNA
Tax Domain:	Bacteria

The GlmY RNA (formally known as tke1) family consists of a number of bacterial RNA genes of around 167 bases in length. The GlmY RNA gene is present in Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Yersinia pestis and Salmonella species, where it is found between the yfhK and purL genes. It was originally predicted in a bioinformatic screen for novel ncRNAs in E. coli.^[1]

The GlmY sRNA has been shown to activate the synthesis of GlmS.^[2] It achieves this by influencing the action of another sRNA called GlmZ in a hierarchical fashion.^{[3] [4] [5]} GlmY functions as an anti-adaptor, it binds to RapZ (RNase adaptor protein for sRNA GlmZ), this binding prevents RapZ from binding to GlmZ and targeting it for cleavage by RNase E.^[6]

Further studies have shown that GlmY mutants are sensitive to cell envelope stress.^[7]

Notes and References

1. Rivas . E . Klein RJ . Jones TA . Eddy SR . 2001 . Computational identification of noncoding RNAs in E. coli by comparative genomics . Curr Biol . 11 . 1369–1373 . 11553332 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00401-8 . 17. 5243194 . free .
2. Urban JH, Papenfort K, Thomsen J, Schmitz RA, Vogel J . A conserved small RNA promotes discoordinate expression of the glmUS operon mRNA to activate GlmS synthesis. . J Mol Biol . 373 . 3 . 521–528 . 2007 . 17854828 . 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.07.035.
3. Reichenbach B, Maes A, Kalamorz F, Hajnsdorf E, Görke B . The small RNA GlmY acts upstream of the sRNA GlmZ in the activation of glmS expression and is subject to regulation by polyadenylation in Escherichia coli. . Nucleic Acids Res . 36 . 8 . 2570–2580 . 2008 . 18334534 . 10.1093/nar/gkn091 . 2377431.
4. Urban JH, Vogel J . Two seemingly homologous noncoding RNAs act hierarchically to activate glmS mRNA translation. . PLOS Biol . 6 . 3 . e64 . 2008 . 18351803 . 10.1371/journal.pbio.0060064 . 2267818 . free .
5. Görke B, Vogel J . Noncoding RNA control of the making and breaking of sugars. . Genes Dev . 22 . 21 . 2914–2925 . 2008 . 18981470 . 10.1101/gad.1717808. free .
6. Göpel. Y. Papenfort, K . Reichenbach, B . Vogel, J . Görke, B . Targeted decay of a regulatory small RNA by an adaptor protein for RNase E and counteraction by an anti-adaptor RNA.. Genes & Development. Mar 1, 2013. 27. 5. 552–564. 23475961. 10.1101/gad.210112.112 . 3605468.
7. Hobbs EC, Astarita JL, Storz G . Small RNAs and small proteins involved in resistance to cell envelope stress and acid shock in Escherichia coli: analysis of a bar-coded mutant collection. . J Bacteriol . 192 . 1 . 59–67 . 2010 . 19734312 . 10.1128/JB.00873-09 . 2798238.