Gjekë Marinaj Explained

Gjekë Marinaj
Birth Date:26 May 1965
Birth Place:Malësi e Madhe District, Albania
Occupation:Poet, translator
Period:1990–present
Movement:Postmodern literature
Signature:Signature3 of Gjekë Marinaj.webp
Awards:"Golden Pen Award", 2003
"Sojourn Prize", 2006
"Pjetër Arbnori", 2008
"Albanian BookerMan", 2011
"National Insignia Prize", 2015, 2019
"International Author", 2019
"World Poet ", 2019
"International Society for Intercultural Studies and Research" felicitation, 2019
"Poet of the World", 2020
"Salutation to the World Poet", 2020
"Suwon KS International Literature Prize", 2020
"Changwon KC International Literary Prize", 2021

Gjekë Marinaj is an Albanian–American poet, writer, translator and literary critic[1] who is also known as the founder of a form of arts criticism known as Protonism Theory.[2] Currently living in the United States, he was the first president of the Society of Albanian-American Writers,[3] established in 2001[2] [4] and has published several books of poetry, prose and literary criticism.[5] In 2008, Marinaj was awarded the Pjetër Arbnori Prize for literature by QNK, part of the Ministry of Tourism, Cultural Affairs, Youth and Sports of Albania.[6] In 2021, he was the recipient of South Korea's Changwon KC International Literary Prize.[7] His writing and peacemaking work have received acclaim and many other honors in Albania and elsewhere in Europe, as well as in the U.S. and Asia.[8]

Early life and career

Born in 1965 in the Malësi e Madhe District of northern Albania, Marinaj started his writing career as a restricted correspondent publishing in a number of Albanian media outlets, first in local newspapers in Shkodër, then in a series of Albanian national publications including Zëri i Rinisë (The Voice of Youth), Luftëtari (The Fighter), Vullnetari (The Volunteer), and Drita (The Light).[9] In August 1990, Marinaj published an anti-communist satiric poem entitled "Horses" (original Albanian: Kuajt).[10] Aware of his imminent arrest by the communist regime, on September 12, 1990, Marinaj escaped authorities by illegally crossing the Albanian-Yugoslavian border.[11] After fleeing to Yugoslavia, he received asylum in the United States.[12] [13] He arrived in San Diego in July 1991, then went to Richardson, Texas. In 2001, Marinaj founded the Albanian-American Writers Association,[14] for which he served as president until 2009.[15] In 2019, Marinaj was appointed Nation's Ambassador for his native Albania.[16] [17] He serves as the director for world literature publisher Mundus Artium Press.[18]

Interviews

While pursuing his new life in America, Marinaj continued working as a freelance journalist for the Albanian media; his freelance work included interviews with President George Herbert Walker Bush,[19] the ninth and then-current President of the State of Israel Shimon Peres,[20] and world-renowned soccer player Pelé.[2] [21] Marinaj's collection Albanian: Ana tjetër e pasqyrës (The Other Side of the Mirror) contains many of these interviews.[22]

Horses

Marinaj initially published his poem "Horses" in the Albanian newspaper of record, Drita.[23] What at first glance read like a simple poem about farm animals was actually a satirical social and political commentary about the Albanian people being herded and corralled by an oppressive communist regime.[15] "Horses" appeared in Drita on August 19, 1990, and the response was immediate and overwhelming.[24] The sheer audacity of publishing such a clearly subversive poem in a national publication amazed the Albanians (and soon after the international community as well).[25] Within hours, copies of Drita sold out across the country, so people took to scrawling the poem on scraps of paper and passing it to one another in the subways and on the streets.[26] Months later, protesters chanted the poem through megaphones during anti-government demonstrations.[27] Seen from this point of view, "Marinaj's words inspired freedom [and] helped defeat communism in Albania."[28] Nevertheless, "having seen other poets hanged in the city's center for voicing similar notions of freedom and liberty, Marinaj knew that he had to leave the country immediately; he packed a few of his favorite books, told his friends and family that he was going on vacation, and set off on an eight-hour hike over the mountains and into Yugoslavia."[15]

Education in America

After his education in Albania, Marinaj earned an associate degree in science from Dallas College Brookhaven Campus,[29] in 2001. He continued his education at the University of Texas at Dallas, where he graduated magna cum laude in 2006 with a bachelor's in literary studies, followed by a master's degree in the same subject in 2008.[30] Three years later, he received a certificate in Holocaust Studies[31] from the Ackerman Center for Holocaust Studies.[15]

Doctor of Philosophy

The University of Texas at Dallas awarded Marinaj a PhD in 2012. His dissertation, which focus on the history and philosophy of oral poetry in the Balkans and on translation theory, is titled "Oral Poetry in Albanian and Other Balkan Cultures: Translating the Labyrinths of Untranslatability."[32]

Protonism Theory

According to The Dallas Morning News, Marinaj's "Protonism Theory" seeks to "promote peace and positive thinking" through literary criticism.[2] In 2011, Marinaj's first book-length articulation of Protonism Theory, in Protonism: Theory Into Practice,[33] received the Albanian BookerMan Prize for Literature from the National Media Group of Tirana, Albania.[34]

Protonism Theory argues that each critic's personal interests and biases influence the degree of emphasis placed on critically assessing strong and weak points in a given work of literature.[35] Marinaj formulated Protonism Theory in 2005 as a response to the flood of unduly negative criticism in East European academia following the collapse of communism. As an alternative form of literary criticism, Protonism aims to provide a common ground from which critics can evaluate literary works more objectively.[36]

Protonism Theory comprises five central principles: protonismiotics, restitution, inquiry, truth and ethics. Protismiotics combines Protonism and semiotics as a means of discovering whether a negative assessment of a work represents an attack on the author or an unprofessional critique.[37]

Protonism Theory, which forms the cornerstone of Marinaj's vision of culturally based pluralism and conflict resolution, has been incorporated into the syllabi of universities across America, Europe, Latin America, and Asia.[38] Protonism Theory is taught as an elective subject at University "St. Cyril and Methodius" by Professor Afrim A. Redzepi.[39] The course focuses on three topics: Text, Context, and Reception. It covers various aspects of culture, including Hegel's phenomenology of spirit, relational aesthetics, and the work of art as a cultural artifact.[39] The course also examines the theories of John Dewey and Nicolas Rorty, as well as the application of Protonism Theory.[39] Basic literature for the course includes Marinaj's "Protonizm Theory," John McDermott's "The Philosophy of John Dewey," and Kristen M. Walker's "Hemisphere: Visual Culture of America, Protonism."[39]

The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China has made Protonism Theory a part of its graduate academic programs.[40] Marinaj's overview of the philosophy in "Protonism Theory: An Aid For Improving the Social Function of Literature," a lecture first delivered in October 2021 at South Korea's Dankook University and initially published in Korean, has since been published and presented on in more than twenty world languages.[41] [42] [43] [44] Translations of the Protonism Theory overview and presentations on the topic have taken place against backdrops of international and civil tension, including the post-Yugoslavia Balkans, the Russia-Ukraine War, and Middle East war, including a lecture during related unrest at Harvard University.[45]

Literary ethnography

Marinaj's studies Sung Across the Shoulder: Heroic Poetry of Illyria[46] (Mundus Artium Press, 2011; co-edited, translated and introduced with Frederick Turner) and dissertation-based Oral Poetry in Albanian and Other Balkan Cultures: Translating the Labyrinths of Untranslatability (UMI, 2012; Pro Quest, Michigan, USA 2020) draw on his personal ethnographic research. Examining oral poets and performers in their linguistic, historical, geographical, cultural, social and aesthetic contexts, both works analyze the problems of translating oral poetry and reconstruct the translation process.[47] The books also serve as anthologies of Albanian oral poetry in English translation.[48] [49] Marinaj has been recognized for his contribution to Albanian linguistics, specifically for creating new words and neologisms, several of which have been included in the "Lexico-phraseological and ethnolinguistic dictionary of the Malësi e Madhe," (Fjalor leksiko – frazeologjik dhe etnoliguistik i Malësisë së Madhe).[47] [50] [51]

Cultural diplomacy

As of 2017, Marinaj has taken on the role of High Commissioner[52] in the Department for Cultural and Scientific Exchanges at the International Council for Diplomacy and Justice, an organization registered with the NGO Branch of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) at the United Nations (UN).[53]

Marinaj also holds the title of Nation's Ambassador for his native Albania. In addition to facilitating cultural ties +between Albania and the United States,[54] [55] he has traveled extensively in support of literature and peace, with a particular emphasis on countries in the former Yugoslavia and elsewhere in Europe's historical Eastern Bloc (Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro[56], Kosovo, Romania),[57] [58] as well as nations separated from the United States by ideological divides (Vietnam, China)[59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] or characterized by tensions in shaping their national, ethnic or pluralistic identities (South Korea, India, Mexico, Ireland, Italy, United Kingdom).[66] [67]

Marinaj has maintained inclusive professional collaborations with writers and cultural figures from these and other countries around the world, such as Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan,[68] [69] [70] Laos, Russia,[71] Cuba[72] [73] and Ethiopia.[74] His particular global range is reflected in his publications, his translations, and the titles released by Mundus Artium Press.[75]

At the 2019 World Thinkers and Writers Peace Meet on Planetary Crisis and Human Liberation in Kolkata, India, the International Society for Intercultural Studies and Research honored Marinaj's quest for peace through literature, as well as his literary cultivation of universality and harmony.[76]

Current occupation

Marinaj is the director of Mundus Artium Press, a non-profit independent world literature publisher founded in 1967 at Ohio University.[77] The press currently has offices in the Erik Jonsson Academic Center at the University of Texas at Dallas, as well as in Clayton, Oklahoma. He is also the Co-editor of Mundus Artium[78] (a Journal of International Literature and the Arts).[18] He also serves as a selection committee chair for the annual Gjenima Prize for Literature,[79] which "recognizes the creator of an important body of literary work or a single major literary achievement that has played a part in current history," according to prize sponsor Mundus Artium Press.[80] [81] [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88]

He has taught English, Communications and World Literature, among other courses, at Dallas College since 2001.[89] [90] [91] As a professor, Dr. Marinaj oversees doctoral dissertations for multiple universities worldwide, and is currently actively serving at the National University of Uzbekistan.[92]

Published books

Marinaj has published numerous books of poetry, journalism and literary criticism in many countries and languages.The Ofi Press Magazine His poetry collections include Albanian: Mos më ik larg[93] (Do Not Depart From Me), Albanian: Infinit[94] (Infinite), and Albanian: Lutje në ditën e tetë të javës[95] (Prayer on the Eighth Day of the Week),[96] [97] Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prizonierul Absentei[98] (Prisoner of Absence), Dolazim da pozelenim[99] (I Come to Leaf Out), Vietnamese: Nhung hy Vong Trong suot[100] (Translucent Hopes), Vietnamese: Nhung Cay Lieu Ri Mau[101] (Bleeding Willows), Azerbaijani: Sevginin 24 Saati [102] [103] (24 Hours of Love), Uzbek: 46 Sahifa [104] (Page 46), Italian: Schizzi D’immaginazione[105] (Sketches in Imagination), Lao: ການສາລະພາບຂອງທະເລ (Confessions of the Sea), Humanizing Venus, Korean: 대서양 연안에서 네루다와 함께[106] (With Neruda on the Atlantic Shore), An Ell Above the Clouds, The Paradigm of Paradise, Teach Me How to Whisper and Desert of Oblivion.[107] [108] [109] [110] [111] [112] In addition, he has published a book of interviews titled Albanian: Ana tjetër e pasqyrës[113] (The Other Side of the Mirror),[22] a book of selected articles and essays titled Albanian: Ca gjëra nuk mund të mbeten sekret (Some things can't be kept secret), a book of literary criticism titled Albanian: Protonizmi: nga teoria në praktikë (Protonism: Theory into Practice),[27] and a book of juxtaposed essays and poems titled Inkshed: A poet's view on the Vietnam War.[114] [115] [116]

Translations

Marinaj, who has served as guest editor of the Translation Review,[117] has translated several books from English to Albanian, and two from Albanian to English,[118] including a collection of Albanian oral epic poetry (with Frederick Turner). Marinaj has edited more than a dozen books in both languages.[27] He has also translated two books from Vietnamese to Albanian:[119] Vowels in the Dew, selected poems by Mai Văn Phấn;[120] [121] and Ho Chi Minh's Chess Lessons: Poetry from the Prison Diary.[122] [123] [124] [125]

Recognitions and critical reception

Marinaj received the Pjetër Arbnori Prize for literature from QNK, part of the Albanian Ministry of Tourism, Cultural Affairs, Youth and Sports, in 2008.[13] Other awards he has received in post-Communist Albania and its diaspora include the Society of Albanian-American Writers’ Golden Pen Award (2003); the Albanian BookerMan Prize for Literature (2011), conferred by the National Media Group of Tirana, Albania, for his Protonism: Theory Into Practice;[34] and Malësi e Madhe's Honorary Citizen Award (2021).[126] [127]

Beyond Albania, Marinaj has received; in the U.S., the Sojourn Prize, now called Reunion: The Dallas Review,[128] (first place, 2006); in Greece, UNESCO’s Alexander the Great and Vergina Gold Medal and Diploma (2023);[129] in Romania, the "Mihai Eminescu" International Poetry Prize (2024, for the book Teach Me How to Whisper), the Bishop's Prize (2024) and the Paul Iorgovici memorial prize (2022); Serbia’s Pro Poet Award (2023);[130] [131] South Korea's Suwon KS International Literature Prize[132] [133] (2020) and Changwon KC International Literary Prize[134] [135] [136] [137] [138] [139] [86] [140] [141] [142] (2021); two National Insignia Prizes (2015, 2019) from the Vietnam Writers' Association, with a special citation "for the cause of Vietnam’s Literature and Arts";[143] in Italy, the International Author Prize (2019); in Uzbekistan, the Poet of the World Prize (2020); [144] [145] in Kazakhstan, the city of Turkestan’s literary award (2022); and in India, West Bengal’s World Poet Prize (2019); an International Society for Intercultural Studies and Research felicitation (2019); and a Salutation to the World Poet prize (2020) from the Underground Literature Movement and the Platform Literary Journal.[146] In June 2024, he became a permanent member of the Academia Internazionale Leopold Sedar Senghor, based in Milan, Italy.[147] He has received multiple nominations for the Nobel Prize in Literature.[148] [149] [54] [150] [151] [152] [153] [154] [155] [156] [157] [158] [159] [160] [161] [162] [163] [164] [165] [166] [167] [168]

Marinaj is the subject of scholarly works including Senada Demushi's Albanian: Shtigjeve letrare të Gjekë Marinaj (The Literary Paths of Gjeke Marinaj.[169] Tirana: Botimet Nacional, 2016), Adnan Mehmeti's Albanian: Gjekë Marinaj, me shume se poet (Gjeke Marinaj, More Than a Poet. New York, London: Adriatic Press, 2007) and Dr. Ramesh Mukhopadhyaya's Hidden in the Light of Thought: 22 of Gjeke Marinaj’s Poems Decoded (Oklahoma: Orpheus Texts, 2019).[170]

Marinaj's poetry and literary theories are also examined in Shefqet Dibrani's Albanian: Libra dhe mbresa (Books and Impressions. Switzerland: Albanisches Institut, 2005), Mikel Gojani's Albanian: traditë dhe bashkëkohësi (Tradition and the Contemporary. Kosovo, 2007), Dr. Afrim A. Rexhepi's Albanian: Aisthesis: studime nga estetika (Aesthesis: Studies in Aesthetics. Shkup, 2013), Mimoza Rexhvelaj's Albanian: Vështrim mbi Poezinë e Diasporës (Overview of Diaspora Poetry. Shkoder, 2013), Anton Gojçaj's Albanian: Biblioteka e hirushes (Cinderella Library. USA: Art Club, 2011), Mai Văn Phấn's Vietnamese: Không Gian Khâc (Other Space. Hanoi, Vietnam: Writers' Association Publishing House, 2016), Besim Muhadri's Albanian: Esencat e mendimit letrar (Essences of Literary Thought. New York, London: Adriatic Press, 2020)[171] and Giovanni Romano's Italian: Poesia: L'ivincibile Presente (Poetry: The Invincible Present. Bari, Italy: SECOP Edizioni, 2020).[172]

The Albanian writer Ismail Kadare (International Booker Prize, 2005) has called Marinaj "one of the most distinguished Albanian poets of our time" and "among Europe's best poets."[112]

According to Italy-based Da Bitonto, Marinaj's Protonism Theory, "applied to politics, to social life, to the education of the younger generations, can create an extraordinarily beautiful and important revolution, because where there is life there is beauty, where there is beauty there is poetry, and where there is poetry there is freedom, and freedom is the engine of human positivity."[67]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Shin Yu Pai . July 21, 2007 . Editor's Note. Locuspoint. April 17, 2012 .
  2. Web site: Lindsey Bever . May 4, 2012 . Power of a poem . Neighborgo . February 5, 2013 .
  3. Web site: Visar Zhiti. February 2, 2022 . Me poetin Gjekë Marinaj dhe kuajt tanë . ZSH . August 21, 2022 .
  4. Web site: Justin Stock . January 18, 2011 . Albanian-Americans Unite Through Love of the Written Word . StamfordPatch . April 17, 2012 . dead . https://archive.today/20120722021848/http://stamford.patch.com/articles/albanian-americans-unite-through-love-of-the-written-word . July 22, 2012 . mdy-all .
  5. Web site: 2023-03-21 . Gjekë Marinaj: Paradigma e parajsës . 2024-07-31 . Albspirit . en-US.
  6. Web site: June 23, 2011. Professor and Student Cross the Balkans for Poetry. The University of Texas at Dallas. April 17, 2012 .
  7. Web site: Jeong Hyeon-soo . August 20, 2021 . 평화와 희망으로 인간 노래하는 저항 시인. ko. idomin.com. April 7, 2022.
  8. News: Profiles and Book Reviews on Marinaj in PDF. Gjekë Marinaj . April 19, 2020 . en . April 9, 2022 . Admin .
  9. Web site: Gary Montgomery. Public Profile. Alta. February 5, 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20121108092004/http://www.utdallas.edu/alta/resources/public-profile-display?member=gmarinaj2005. November 8, 2012. mdy-all.
  10. Web site: Gjekë Marinaj Il fondo senza fondo dell'amore. Cavalleri . Cesare. November 6, 2019 . avvenire.it. Avvenire . May 4, 2022. it.
  11. Web site: 2022-04-29 . Trimufi Poetik I Gjekë Marinajt . 2024-07-31 . en-US.
  12. Web site: Shefqet Dibrani. December 15, 2003 . Sfidat e intelektualit. Bota Sot. April 18, 2012 . sq .
  13. Web site: I jepet çmimi "Pjetër Arbnori", poetit dhe përkthyesit Gjekë Marinaj. Alblink. April 17, 2012. sq. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140112020401/http://alblink.com/?fq=brenda&m=shfaqart&aid=218. January 12, 2014. mdy-all.
  14. Web site: testimonials . Illyria . February 5, 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130309183132/http://www.illyriapress.com/testimonials.php . March 9, 2013 . mdy-all .
  15. Web site: Brent Flynn . August 18, 2005 . Albanian writers recognize 2 from UTD for translating poet . The Dallas Morning News . February 5, 2013 . October 1, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171001032015/http://www.dallasnews.com/incoming/20120706-albanian-writers-recognize-2-from-utd-for-translating-poet.ece . dead .
  16. News: McKinney writer named home nation's ambassador. Star Local. McKinney Courier-Gazette. April 6, 2022.
  17. Web site: Një nga shkrimtarët më të spikatur në botë, Gjekë Marinaj merr titullin Ambasadori i Kombit . 2022-08-23 . politiko.al.
  18. Web site: About Us. Mundus Artium Press. April 7, 2022.
  19. Web site: Gjekë Marinaj. January 26, 2008. Këlliçi i mikorofonit sportiv bën 70 vjeç, në SHBA.. sq. Gazeta Shekulli. June 12, 2013 .
  20. Web site: admin . 2014-11-05 . Ana tjetër e pasqyrës . 2024-07-31 . Shkoder.net... . sq-AL.
  21. Web site: Marinaj . Gjeke . Bisedë me PELEN e Brazilit, legjendën e futbollit botëror (Edson Arantes do Nascimento) . 2022-12-30 . 2024-07-31 . www.illyria.com.
  22. Web site: Arben Çokaj . November 26, 2003 . Ana tjetër e pasqyrës. sq . Shkoder.net. April 9, 2022.
  23. Web site: Gjekë MARINAJ . 2022-08-23 . www.albanianliterature.net.
  24. Web site: The Ofi Press Magazine . 2022-08-23 . The Ofi Press Magazine . April 3, 2004 . https://web.archive.org/web/20040403174357/https://www.ofipress.com/ . dead .
  25. Web site: Eva Dore . November 11, 2011. Fenomeni "Gjekë Marinaj" . Shqip . February 5, 2013 . sq.
  26. Web site: 30 VITE ME PAS – Poezia "Kuajt" e Gjekë Marinjat, kur arti ndeshej me diktaturën . 2022-08-23 . en-US . August 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220823023605/https://www.zanimalsise.com/30-vite-me-pas-poezia-kuajt-e-gjeke-marinjat-kur-arti-ndeshej-me-diktaturen/ . dead .
  27. Web site: Eric Nicholson. February 28, 2010. Award carries poetic justice. UTD Mercury . February 5, 2013 .
  28. Web site: Lindsey Bever . May 4, 2012 . Power of a poem . The Dallas Morning News. February 5, 2013 .
  29. Web site: February 10, 2011. News Note. Brookhaven College. April 19, 2012. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120724002338/http://www.brookhavencollege.edu/news/2012/2286.aspx. July 24, 2012. mdy-all.
  30. Web site: 2015-06-09 . Gjekë Marinaj –përkthyesi brilant i Turner-it . 2024-07-31 . en-US.
  31. Web site: Home - Ackerman Center for Holocaust Studies . 2024-07-31 . ackerman.utdallas.edu.
  32. Web site: December 6, 2012. Doctoral degrees awarded by U.T. Dallas. University of Texas. February 2, 2013. March 11, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220311105231/https://www.utdallas.edu/dept/graddean/phds/phds1213.htm. dead.
  33. Book: Marinaj, Gjeke . Protonizmi: Nga Teoria ne Praktike . Shtepia Botuese Nacional . 2015 . 978-99956-89-02-5 . Albania . 376 . sq.
  34. Web site: Mujë Buçpapaj . January 29, 2012 . Marinaj merr Çmimin "Albanian BookerMan". sq. Gazeta Nacional. April 9, 2022.
  35. Web site: Marius Dobrescu . August 2012 . Afinitatile culturale . Prietenul Albanezului . February 5, 2013 . ro . https://web.archive.org/web/20131019060134/http://www.alar.ro/n65/literatura-c467/cauta.html?s_key=marinaj&x=0&y=0 . October 19, 2013 . dead .
  36. Web site: Afrim A. Rexhepi . December 2012 . Haiku and the theory of Protonism . Spektar . February 5, 2013 . mk.
  37. Web site: Preç Zogaj . December 3, 2012 . teoria që sheh bardhë dhe lart . Mapo . February 5, 2013 . sq.
  38. Web site: admin . 2020-06-20 . Inclusive Bio . 2023-02-28 . GJEKË MARINAJ . en-US.
  39. Web site: Изборни предмети од втор циклус – Институт за македонска литература . 2023-02-28 . mk-MK.
  40. Web site: Marinaj's Protonism is Accepted from the Ministry of Education of China. April 19, 2020 . zh . Ministry of Education of China. April 9, 2022.
  41. Web site: 제20회 국제학술세미나 <접촉하는 예술들 : 기술과 예술의 공진화(共進化)>. ko. Dankook University. April 7, 2022.
  42. Web site: Leksion Në Demokraci. January 10, 2022 . sq. Fjala. April 7, 2022.
  43. Web site: 'Thuyết Proton' của Gjeke - Marinaj. November 22, 2020 . vi. Nguoi HaNoi. April 7, 2022.
  44. Web site: Khái lược về "thuyết proton" của Gjekë Marinaj. vi. VanViet. April 7, 2022.
  45. Web site: admin . 2023-08-21 . Një rilindje e jashtëzakonshme në sferën botërore të letërsisë dhe artit . 2024-07-31 . Balkan's News . sq-AL.
  46. Book: Marinaj . Gjeke . Sung Across the Shoulder . Turner . Frederick . Mundus Artium Press . 2011 . 978-0-939378-11-1 . USA . 226 . en.
  47. Web site: Gjovalin Shkurtaj: Metaforika origjinale dhe pasuria ligjërimore në poezinë e Gjekë Marinajt . December 14, 2022 .
  48. Web site: Frederick Turner . Winter 2012 . The Folk and the Classics. en. American Arts Quarterly. April 9, 2022.
  49. Web site: Marinaj, Gjekë 1965-. en. WorldCat. April 9, 2022.
  50. Gjekë Marinaj: Poeti I Shquar I Diasporës Shqiptare Në Amerikë . Albanologjia International Journal of Albanology . 2020 . 7 . 13–14 . 145–152 . Muhadri . Besim .
  51. Web site: Social and Historic Contextuality of Contemporary Albanian Literature. July 18, 2023.
  52. Web site: Consiglio Internazionale per la Diplomazia e la Giustizia-STRUTTURA-Consiglio Internazionale per la Diplomazia e la Giustizia . 2023-02-13 . www.icdj.eu . en-US . February 13, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230213063112/http://www.icdj.eu/delegazioni_10.html . dead .
  53. Web site: Home-Consiglio Internazionale per la Diplomazia e la Giustizia . 2023-02-13 . www.icdj.eu . en-US . February 13, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230213063108/http://www.icdj.eu/index.htm . dead .
  54. Web site: A23 - Jeta e pazakontë e shqiptarit, një poezi, një arratisje dhe NOBEL-i - 26.08.2021 ATV. August 27, 2021 . sq. A23. April 9, 2022.
  55. Web site: Gjekë Marinaj, midis mallit dhe nderimit - Tom Therçaj (Telereportazh). October 30, 2021 . sq. Malësi e Madhe. April 9, 2022.
  56. Web site: ИН4С . 2024-08-09 . „Ауто(р) на корзу”: Ђеке Маринај . 2024-08-14 . ИН4С . sr-RS.
  57. Web site: Дејана Ивановић. March 30, 2015. Албански Књижевник:Да сам могао да бирам, живео бих у Србији. sh. Iskra. April 9, 2022.
  58. Web site: Биљана Диковић . March 30, 2015 . Албански Књижевник: Да сам могао да бирам, живео бих у Србији. sh . Serbian FB Reporter. April 9, 2022.
  59. Web site: Dinh Thuong . August 17, 2020 . Nói sao cho hết về người con gái Việt Nam – Gjekë Marinaj (Hoa Kỳ). vi. Hoi Nha Van Hai Phong. April 9, 2022.
  60. Web site: October 7, 2020 . Grgjeke Marinaj (Hoa Kỳ - Anbani). vi . Nguoi HaNoi. April 9, 2022.
  61. Web site: Nhu Quynh de Prelle . February 17, 2016 . Thơ Như Quỳnh de Prelle. vi . VanViet. April 9, 2022.
  62. Web site: Dong Thuy . February 19, 2019 . Ngày thơ Việt Nam lần thứ XVII với chủ đề 'Người Kinh Bắc'. vi . Tin Tuc. April 9, 2022.
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  65. Web site: Kim Hieu, Do Quyen, Tuyet Mai . February 19, 2019 . Ngày Thơ Việt Nam tại Bắc Giang: Xây dựng văn hóa, con người Việt Nam từ tinh hoa dân tộc và nhân loại. vi . Bac Giang. April 9, 2022.
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  68. Web site: May 26, 2022. Albanian-American Poet, Writer, Translator, Literary Critic, Publisher and Philosopher Gekyo Marinay Met With Students at the Nuuz. National University of Uzbekistan. August 20, 2022. May 30, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230530042025/https://nuu.uz/en/o%CA%BCzbekiston-milliy-universitetiga-%D0%B0lban-%D0%B0merika-shoiri-yozuvchi-tarjimon-adabiy-tanqidchi-noshir-va-faylasuf-gekyo-marinay-xorijiy-talabalar-bilan-uchrashdi/. dead.
  69. Web site: Gekyo Marinay. She'rlar. Mirzohid Muzaffar tarjimalari & Shoir, avvalo, shaxs bo'lmog'i lozim. Gekyo Marinay bilan suhbat. 2022-08-23 . kh-davron.uz.
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  72. Web site: Recibe el poeta granmense Alex Pausides Premio: "The Mundus Artium Prize" . April 19, 2023 .
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  74. Web site: admin . 2022-04-01 . Libër i Ri në Etiopi: "Një spik mbi re" nga Gjekë Marinaj . 2022-08-23 . FJALA e LIRË . sq-AL.
  75. Web site: Home . en. Mundus Artium Press. April 9, 2022.
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  77. Web site: Distinguished Professors (1959 to Current) . 2024-07-31 . www.ohio.edu.
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  81. Web site: Bok Hyun-myung . October 5, 2021 . 최동호 고려대 명예교수, 제18회 제니마 문학상 수상자 선정. ko . Daily Smart. April 9, 2022.
  82. Web site: Jung Min-kyu . October 6, 2021 . 최동호 고려대 명예교수, 제18회 제니마 문학상 수상자로 선정 (The Gjenima prize for literature). ko . The Leader. April 9, 2022.
  83. Web site: October 6, 2021 . 최동호 수원문화도시포럼 이사장, 제니마문학상 수상. ko . Newsis. April 9, 2022.
  84. Web site: Eun-seop Shin . October 6, 2021 . 최동호 수원문화도시포럼 이사장, 국내 최초 미국 '제니마 문학상' 수상. ko . Suwonibo. April 9, 2022.
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  86. Web site: Hwang Yong-in . October 4, 2021 . 박재규 경남대 총장 '창원KC국제문학상' 시상. ko . GN News. April 9, 2022.
  87. Web site: October 6, 2021 . 최동호 수원문화도시포럼 이사장, 제니마문학상 수상. ko . Cafe. April 9, 2022.
  88. Web site: L'Incanto della poesia tra gelsi, fiori e ulivi .
  89. Web site: Jenni Gilmer . January 16, 2009 . This week's RLC update – Marinaj awarded literature prize . Richland College – Media & Newsroom . April 19, 2012 . dead . https://archive.today/20120805153035/http://www.rlc8.dcccd.edu/media/?p=737 . August 5, 2012 . mdy-all .
  90. Web site: Gjekë Marinaj receives the International Literary Award "Changwon" from South Korea . 2022-08-23 . Oculus News. October 13, 2021 .
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  92. Web site: National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek . 2023-02-13 . nuu.uz.
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  98. Book: Marinaj, Gjekë . Prizonierul absentei . Primavara . 2013 . Rumania . ro.
  99. Book: Marinaj, Gjeke . Dolazim da pozelenim . Serbian Writers Association . 2014 . 978-86-81537-49-7 . Serbia . 142 . sr-latn.
  100. Book: Marinaj, Gjeke . Nhung hy Vong Trong suot . Vietnam Writers Association . 2014 . 978-604531-297-1 . Hanoi . 132 . vi.
  101. Book: Marinaj, Gjeke . Nhung Cay Lieu . Vietnam Writers Association . 2016 . 978-604-53-5956-3 . Hanoi . 206 . vi.
  102. Book: Marinaj, Gjeke . Sevginin 24 Saati . Seirlar . 978-9952-476-82-8 . Baku . 93 . az.
  103. Web site: "Sevginin 24 saatı” . 2024-07-13 . www.aznews.az.
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  106. Book: Marinaj, Gjeke . 대서양 연안에서 네루다와 함께 . Lyric Poetics . 2020 . 979-11-88903-52-8 . Seoul . 115 . ko.
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  117. Web site: Fall 2008. Guest Editor . Translation Review. February 11, 2013 .
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  150. Web site: 작가 기본 의무는 진실을 말하는 것. October 5, 2021 . ko. idomin.com. April 7, 2022.
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  153. Web site: CEZ deschide Festivalul Porțile Poeziei 2022 în calitate de partener tradițional. June 25, 2022 .
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  155. Web site: 20 de poeți din întreaga lume bat anul acesta la "Porțile Poeziei" cărășene. June 23, 2022 .
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  159. Web site: Michael M. Core . July 15, 2022 . New textbook expands Gjekë Marinaj's role in diversity of world literature . WH . August 21, 2022 . August 21, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220821071005/https://www.workhaiku.com/new-textbook-expands-gjeke-marinajs-role-in-diversity-of-world-literature/ . dead .
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  162. Web site: 2022-12-14 . Gjovalin Shkurtaj: Metaforika origjinale dhe pasuria ligjërimore në poezinë e Gjekë Marinajt . 2022-12-15 . Gazeta Express . sq.
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  165. Web site: Il candidato Nobel Gjeke Marinaj illustre ospite per "Incontriamo la Poesia" . May 30, 2023 .
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  169. Web site: P . Star Plus . 2016-06-11 . Promovohet Libri "Shtigjeve Letrare Te Gjekë Marinaj" . 2022-08-23 . Star Plus TV - Shkoder . en-US.
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  171. Muhardi . Besim . Gjekë Marinaj: Poeti Shqiptar i Diasporës Shqiptare në Amerikë . Albanologjia . 2 . 1 . 145–152 . UDC: 821.18.09.
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