Hartley Bay Indian Band Explained

The Hartley Bay Indian Band is also known as the Gitga'at First Nation or the Hartley Bay First Nation.^[1] The members of the Gitga'at First nation are often referred to as Gitka'a'ata. The population of Gitk’a’ata peoples living in Hartley Bay ranges from approximately 130-200 people.^[2] There are also about 400-500 Gitk’a’ata peoples living in Prince Rupert, British Columbia, Canada, a neighboring territory.^{[3] [4]} The Gitk’a’ata people have lived in Hartley Bay for hundreds of years, if not always. Some notable things regarding the Gitga'at First Nation are their economy, geography, government, sports involvement, COVID-19 regulations, and relations.

Economy

The Gitga'at Nation currently has a tourism-centric economy. Some of the past economies for Hartley Bay were centered around fishing (selling fish, fishing lodges). These methods still generate income in the present. Tourism surrounding fishing lodges emerged in 2009 and became the most prominent source of income. It is still the most prominent. There are also camps that are for recreational and educational activities such as radio and industrial construction.^[5]  These camps are usually executed as "boot camps" and are advertised to give job opportunities. There are also constant job postings on the Gitga'at First Nation social media pages.

Geography

The area of Hartley Bay is large and for the most part undeveloped and forest. It is bordered by Prince Rupert, Kitimat, and several islands off the west coast of British Columbia.

Government

The current counsel is made up by Arnold Clifton (Chief Councilor), Cam Hill, Marven Robinson, Bruce Reece, and Simone Reece (councilors). There are representatives known as "Guardians" that work towards preserving and protecting their territory from others that may use harmful ways of getting resources on their territory. In addition to Guardians, the community values it's environment and land, so typically the Guardians are focused on any potential threats to the territory. The Guardians do many tasks including protecting the ocean from fisheries riding the line of the territory and conducting research to protect coastal habitats and endangered species.

Sports

The Gitga'at First Nation has participated in the All Native Basketball Tournament.^[6]

Covid-19

There are requirements for visiting Hartley Bay due to the pandemic.^[7] Such requirements include vaccination status and British Columbian passport.

Relations

Hartley Bay Indian Band entered a treaty with Canada and British Columbia known as The Gitga'at Treaty.^[8] The treaty is still in progress but is gearing towards ownership of certain areas of land and the right to use it as they please (hunt, fish, develop, reserve, etc.)  In 2003, The Hartley Bay Indian Band made a deal with British Columbia to settle a land dispute in for the right to tree cutting licenses and a cash payment.^[9]

The Gitga'at First Nation first encountered Europeans in the early 1800s. Katherine Turner has made several dissertations that include the Hartley Bay Band.

Indian reserves

Indian reserves under the administration of the Hartley Bay First Nation are:^{[10] [11]}

• Gander Island Indian Reserve No. 14, on one of the islands of the Moore Group, off the west coast of Aristazabal Island in Hecate Strait, 121.40 ha. (300.0 acres) 52.6667°N -129.4167°W^[12]
• Gill Island Indian Reserve No. 2, on the left bank of the Quaal River, at its mouth on Kitkiata Inlet in Douglas Channel, 0.10 ha. (0.25 acres) 53.65°N -129.2833°W^[13]
• Gribble Island Indian Reserve No. 10, on the west coast of Gribbell Island, between Verney and Ursula Channels, 2.0 h.a (5.0 acres) 53.35°N -129.1333°W
• Kahas Indian Reserve No. 7, on west coast of Princess Royal Island at Barnard Harbour, 16.50 ha (40.8 acres) 53.0667°N -129.1167°W^[14]
• Kayel Indian Reserve No. 8, on west shore of Princess Royal Island fronting on Campania Sound, 1.60 ha. (4.0 acres) 53.0667°N -129.1667°W^[15]
• Kitkahta Indian Reserve No. 1, on the north short of Kitkiata Inlet of Douglas Channel, 112.50 ha. (278.0 acres) 53.6333°N -129.2667°W^[16]
• Kulkayu (Hartley Bay) Indian Reserve No. 4, on south shore of Hartley Bay of Douglas Channel, 130.70 ha. (323.0 acres) 53.4236°N -129.2597°W^[17]
• Kulkayu (Hartley Bay) Indian Reserve No. 4A, adjacent to Kulkayu (Hartley Bay) IR No. 4, 45.30 ha. (112.0 acres) 53.4167°N -129.25°W^[18]
• Kunhunoan Indian Reserve No. 13, on Small Bay, west coast of Gil Island, near Black Rock Point on Squally Channel, 2.30 ha. (5.7 acres) 53.2167°N -129.3°W^[19]
• Lachkul-jeets Indian Reserve No. 6, on the east side of Fin Island west of Gil Island, Hecate Sound, 1.60 ha. (4.0 acres) 53.2667°N -129.3167°W^[20]
• Lackzuswadda Indian Reserve No. 9, on an island at the entrance to Surf Inlet, west coast of Princess Royal Island, 2.20 ha. (5.4 acres) 52.9°N -129.15°W^[21]
• Maple Point Indian Reserve No. 11, at Maple Point, east shore of Gil Island between Squally and Whale Channels off Hecate Sound, 50.20 ha. (124.0 acres) 53.1°N -129.2°W^[22]
• Quaal Indian Reserve No. 3, on right bank of the Quaal River, one mile (1.6 km) west of the mouth of Kitkiata Inlet of Douglas Channel, 29 ha. (72 acres). 53.65°N 129.3333°W^[23]
• Quaal Indian Reserve No. 3A, an addition to Quaal IR No. 3, 74.50 ha. (184.0 acres) 53.6333°N 129.2833°W^[24]
• Turtle Point Indian Reserve No. 12, at Turtle Point, north end of Gil Island, fronting on Wright Sound, 51.80 ha. (128.0 acres) 53.3167°N -129.2667°W^[25]

Notes and References

1. Web site: Gitgaat Nation Website Welcome! . 2022-06-02 . en.
2. Web site: Google Maps . 2022-06-02 . Google Maps . en.
3. Turner . Katherine L. . Berkes . Fikret . Turner . Nancy J. . Indigenous perspectives on ecotourism development: a British Columbia case study . Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy . 10 August 2012 . 6 . 3 . 213–229 . 10.1108/17506201211258397 . free .
4. Turner . Katherine L . Bitonti . Christopher P.H. . Conservancies in British Columbia, Canada: Bringing Together Protected Areas and First Nations' Interests . International Indigenous Policy Journal . 10 June 2011 . 2 . 2 . . 10.18584/iipj.2011.2.2.3 . free .
5. Web site: Gitga'at First Nation . 2022-06-02 . www.facebook.com . en.
6. News: . Kelly . Rudy . Qualifier champs undefeated . Raven's Eye . 31 December 2004 .
7. Web site: GFN COVID Travel Application Forms Gitgaat Nation Website . 2022-06-02 . en.
8. Web site: Gitga'at Treaty Gitga'at Treaty Website . 2022-06-02 . en-US.
9. News: . Kennedy . Peter . B.C. signs deal giving natives stake in logging: Pact with Gitga'at First Nation aimed at setting stage for treaty talks in province . The Globe and Mail . Toronto . 16 October 2003 . B6 .
10. https://fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/fnp/Main/Search/FNMain.aspx?BAND_NUMBER=675&lang=eng First Nation Detail, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
11. https://fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/fnp/Main/Search/FNReserves.aspx?BAND_NUMBER=675&lang=eng Reserves/Settlements/Villages, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
12. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65388.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Gander Island 14 (Indian reserve)"
13. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65315.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Gill 2 (Indian reserve)"
14. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65307.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Kahas 7 (Indian reserve)"
15. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65310.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Kayel 8 (Indian reserve)"
16. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65316.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Kitkahta 1 (Indian reserve)"
17. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65813.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Kulkayu (Hartley Bay) 4 (Indian reserve)"
18. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65686.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Kulkayu (Hartley Bay) 4A (Indian reserve)"
19. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65313.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Kunhunoan 13 (Indian reserve)"
20. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65308.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Lachkul-jeets 6 (Indian reserve)"
21. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65309.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Lackzuswadda 9 (Indian reserve)"
22. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65311.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Maple Point 11 (Indian reserve)"
23. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65318.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Quaal 3 (Indian reserve)"
24. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65317.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Quaal 3A (Indian reserve)"
25. http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/65314.html BC Names/GeoBC entry "Turtle Point 12 (Indian reserve)"