| Gironde | |
| Type: | Department of France |
| Coordinates: | 44.8333°N -40°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | France |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Nouvelle-Aquitaine |
| Seat Type: | Prefecture |
| Seat: | Bordeaux |
| Parts Type: | Subprefectures |
| Parts Style: | para |
| P1: | Arcachon Blaye Langon Lesparre-Médoc Libourne |
| Leader Party: | PS |
| Leader Title: | President of the Departmental Council |
| Leader Name: | Jean-Luc Gleyze[1] |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 9975 |
| Population Rank: | 6th |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Department number |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 33 |
| Blank Name Sec2: | Arrondissements |
| Blank Info Sec2: | 6 |
| Blank1 Name Sec2: | Cantons |
| Blank1 Info Sec2: | 33 |
| Blank2 Name Sec2: | Communes |
| Blank2 Info Sec2: | 535 |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | 33000 |
| Iso Code: | FR-33 |
| Footnotes: | French Land Register data, which excludes estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2. |
Gironde ([2] US usually,[3] [4] pronounced as /fr/; Occitan (post 1500);: Gironda, in Occitan (post 1500); pronounced as /dʒiˈɾundo/) is the largest department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of Southwestern France. Named after the Gironde estuary, a major waterway, its prefecture is Bordeaux. In 2019, it had a population of 1,623,749.[5] The famous Bordeaux wine region is in Gironde. It has six arrondissements, making it one of the departments with the most arrondissements (Nord also has six, while Pas-de-Calais has the most of any department, with seven).
Gironde is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Guyenne and Gascony.
From 1793 to 1795, the department's name was changed to Bec-d'Ambès to avoid the association with the Girondist political party of the French Revolution.
In July 2022, Gironde was affected by large wildfires.[6]
Gironde is part of the current region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine and is surrounded by the departments of Landes, Lot-et-Garonne, Dordogne and Charente-Maritime and the Atlantic Ocean on the west. With an area of 10,000 km2, Gironde is the largest department in metropolitan France, and the second-largest in entire France. Its size is larger than Lebanon or the province of Banten. If overseas departments are included, however, Gironde's land area is dwarfed by the 83,846 km2 of French Guiana.
Gironde is well known for the Côte d'Argent beach which is Europe's longest, attracting many surfers to Lacanau each year. It is also the birthplace of Jacques-Yves Cousteau who studied the sea and all forms of life in water.
The Great Dune of Pyla in Arcachon Bay near Bordeaux is the tallest sand dune in Europe.[7]
The most populous commune is Bordeaux, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 7 communes with more than 30,000 inhabitants:[5]
| Commune | Population (2019) | |
|---|---|---|
| Bordeaux | 260,958 | |
| Mérignac | 72,197 | |
| Pessac | 65,245 | |
| Talence | 43,820 | |
| Villenave-d'Ornon | 36,754 | |
| Saint-Médard-en-Jalles | 31,808 | |
| Bègles | 30,642 |
The President of the Departmental Council is Jean-Luc Gleyze of the Socialist Party.
| Party | seats | |
|---|---|---|
| • | 45 | |
| 12 | ||
| • | 3 | |
| 1 | ||
| 1 | ||
| 1 | ||