| Type: | Cardinal |
| Honorific-Prefix: | His Eminence |
| Girolamo Boncompagni | |
| Cardinal, Archbishop of Bologna | |
| Church: | Roman Catholic |
| Archdiocese: | Bologna |
| Appointed: | 11 December 1651 |
| Ended: | 24 January 1684 |
| Consecration: | 4 February 1652 |
| Consecrated By: | Niccolò Albergati-Ludovisi |
| Cardinal: | 14 January 1664 |
| Created Cardinal By: | Pope Alexander VII |
| Rank: | Cardinal-Priest |
| Birth Date: | 23 March 1622 |
| Birth Place: | Isola del Liri, Papal States |
| Death Place: | Bologna, Papal States |
| Other Post: | Cardinal-Priest of Santi Marcellino e Pietro (1664–84) |
Girolamo Boncompagni (23 March 1622 – 24 January 1684) was a Roman Catholic cardinal.
He was the great-grandson of Pope Gregory XIII. There were several other Cardinals in his family; he was the Grand-nephew of Cardinal Filippo Boncompagni (1572), nephew of Cardinal Francesco Boncompagni (1621) and uncle of another Cardinal Girolamo Boncompagni, archbishop of Bologna (1695).[1]
On 4 February 1652, he was consecrated bishop by Niccolò Albergati-Ludovisi, Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri, with Ranuccio Scotti Douglas, Bishop Emeritus of Borgo San Donnino, and Carlo Carafa della Spina, Bishop of Aversa, serving as co-consecrators.[2]
While bishop, he was the principal consecrator of:
and the principal co-consecrator of: