| Kire | |
| Nativename: | Giri |
| States: | Papua New Guinea |
| Region: | Madang Province |
| Coordinates: | -4.2868°N 144.7248°W |
| Date: | 2003 |
| Ref: | e18 |
| Familycolor: | Papuan |
| Fam2: | Ramu proper |
| Fam4: | Misegian |
| Iso3: | geb |
| Glotto: | kire1240 |
| Glottorefname: | Kire |
Kire (Giri) is a Ramu language of Giri village (-4.2868°N 144.7248°W) in Yawar Rural LLG, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.[1] [2]
Out of all the Ramu languages, Kire has the most complex consonant phonemic inventory.[3]
| Plosive | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aspirated | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Prenasalized | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | |
| Fricative | pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Nasal | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Approximant | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ |
| Short | Long | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Front | Central | Back | Front | Central | Back | ||
| High | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |
| Mid | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | |||
| Low | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ pronounced as /link/ | |||||
Additionally, the following diphthongs and triphthongs are found: /ia/, /ĩã/, /ei/, /ẽĩ/, /ai/, /aːi/, /oi/, /ui/, /uiː/, /ũĩ/, /ue/, /ũẽː/, /ua/, /ũã/, /ũãː/, /uei/, /uai/, /ũãĩ/, /ũĩã/, /ũẽĩ/.
Kire orthography:[4]
| ɑ̃ | b | β | d | e | ẽ | f | g | h | i | ĩ | ɨ | ɨ̃ | k | kʰ | m | ᵐb | ᵐp | n | ||
| Lowercase letters | a | ä | b | ƀ | d | e | ë | f | g | h | i | ï | ɨ | ɨ̈ | k | kh | m | mb | mp | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phonemes | ⁿd | ⁿt | ŋ | ᵑg | ᵑk | o | õ | p | pʰ | r | s | s̪ | t | tʰ | u | ũ | v | w | z | |
| Lowercase letters | nd | nt | ŋ | ŋg | ŋk | o | ö | p | ph | r | s | š | t | th | u | ü | v | w | z |
Languages of the World
. 22nd . Eberhard . David M. . Simons . Gary F. . Fennig . Charles D. . 2019 . Dallas . SIL International.. William A. Foley . Palmer . Bill . 2018 . The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide . The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs . The World of Linguistics . 4 . Berlin . De Gruyter Mouton . 197-432 . 978-3-11-028642-7.