Giovan Battista Caniana (8 May 1671 - 5 May 1754) was an Italian sculptor and architect.
Caniana was born in Romano di Lombardia, and his father, Giacomo Antonio, also a sculptor, died when he was 8 years old. His mother, Datila, sent him to study at Longhena, where he trained under Andrea Brustolon. A few years later, Caniana returned to his family, where he worked in a shop with his brothers. In 1694, after he married Bridget Grass, he turned to architecture and worked on a number of local projects. He died in Alzano Lombardo, aged 82.
His grandson, Giacomo Caniana, was also an architect.