| Official Name: | Gilboa, New York |
| Settlement Type: | Town |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | New York |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Schoharie |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 153.80 |
| Area Land Km2: | 149.72 |
| Area Water Km2: | 4.08 |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 59.38 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 57.81 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 1.58 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 1111 |
| Timezone: | Eastern (EST) |
| Utc Offset: | -5 |
| Timezone Dst: | EDT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -4 |
| Elevation M: | 278 |
| Elevation Ft: | 912 |
| Coordinates: | 42.4292°N -74.4675°W |
| Postal Code Type: | ZIP code |
| Postal Code: | 12076 |
| Area Code: | 607 |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 36-28981 |
| Blank1 Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 Info: | 0979001 |
Gilboa is a town in Schoharie County, New York, United States. The population was 1,111 at the 2020 census.[2]
The Town of Gilboa is in the southern part of the county and is southwest of Albany.
The town was first settled around 1760.
The Town of Gilboa was formed in 1848 from regions taken from the Towns of Blenheim and Broome. The name "Gilboa" is from Mount Gilboa,[3] a biblical site in Israel, where King Saul's sons were killed by the Philistines, and Saul killed himself (1 Samuel 31:4)
A cotton mill in the community of Gilboa was a major contributor to the early economy of the town, but it was destroyed by a flood in 1869.
In 1926, the Schoharie Creek was dammed to form the Schoharie Reservoir. The original settlement of Gilboa was razed and flooded as part of this project. A new settlement was established north of the reservoir.
See main article: Gilboa Fossil Forest. In 1870, workers blasting a site for a stone quarry found fossilized remains of tree stumps. In 2004, the tops and fronds of the trees were discovered and, in 2007, the fern-like trees, named Wattieza, were pronounced the oldest known trees on earth.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 59.3sqmi, of which 57.8sqmi is land and 1.6sqmi of it (2.63%) is water.
The southern town line forms a border with Delaware County and Greene County.
The Schoharie Creek flows northward through the town.
New York State Route 30 is a north-south highway in Gilboa. New York State Route 23 cuts through the southwestern corner of the town. New York State Route 990V is a highway running eastward from NY-30 in the southeastern part of Gilboa.
As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 1,215 persons, 478 households, and 355 families residing in the town. The population density was 21.0 people per square mile (8.1/km2). There were 992 housing units at an average density of 17.2 per square mile (6.6/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 95.80% White, 0.91% African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.82% Asian, 1.23% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.98% of the population.
There were 478 households, out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.7% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.7% were non-families. 20.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.92.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 24.8% from 25 to 44, 29.9% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.8 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $35,156, and the median income for a family was $38,214. Males had a median income of $31,635 versus $25,278 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,561. About 9.6% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.4% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.