Gilbert Horton Explained

Gilbert Horton was a free-born African American who was captured with the intent of being sold into slavery.[1] Horton had worked on a ship known as The Macedonian after his father had worked for years to purchase his freedom.[2] When The Macedonian docked in Norfolk, Virginia, Horton traveled to Georgetown in Washington D.C., where he was arrested on the assumption that he was a runaway slave.

Background

In August 1826, a local business owner in Croton Falls, New York, named John Owen noticed an advertisement in The National Intelligencer[3] describing Horton. Owen brought this to the attention of William Jay, who was the son of John Jay, in order to express concern over the capture of a free citizen.[4]

Relief from capture

Through the efforts of Jay and Owen, Governor DeWitt Clinton wrote[5] a letter on behalf of Horton's freedom, to then President John Quincy Adams.

The work of Governor Clinton and Senator Henry Clay[6] ultimately secured Horton's release.

Notes and References

  1. Book: Wilson. Carol. Freedom at Risk: The Kidnapping of Free Blacks in America, 1780-1865. 2015. University Press of Kentucky. 978-0813149790. 73–74.
  2. News: Jackson. Kellie Carter. 2021-06-16. The United States' First Civil Rights Movement. en-US. 2021-06-29. 0027-8378.
  3. Book: William Jay and the constitutional movement for the abolition of slavery. 1894 . Tuckerman . Bayard .
  4. Book: William Cooper Nell. William Cooper Nell. The Colored Patriots of the American Revolution. 1855. 331–333.
  5. Book: An inquiry into the character and tendency of the American colonization, and American anti-slavery societies. 1835.
  6. Book: The Papers of Henry Clay: Secretary of State 1826, Volume 5. 2015. 9780813162461 . Clay . Henry . University Press of Kentucky .