| Giimbiyu | |
| Also Known As: | Mangerr |
| Region: | Northern Territory |
| States: | Australia |
| Extinct: | 1980s–1990s |
| Ref: | e25 |
| Familycolor: | Australian |
| Fam1: | Arnhem Land? |
| Dia1: | Mangerr |
| Dia2: | Erri |
| Dia3: | Urningangga |
| Lc1: | zme |
| Ld1: | Mangerr |
| Lc2: | urc |
| Ld2: | Urningangg |
| Lc3: | err |
| Ld3: | Erre |
| Aiatsis: | N220 |
| Glotto: | giim1238 |
| Glottorefname: | Giimbiyu |
| Map: | Giimbiyu_languages.png |
| Mapcaption: | Giimbiyu (purple), among other non-Pama-Nyungan languages (grey) |
| Script: | Latin (Australian Aboriginal) |
Giimbiyu is an extinct Aboriginal Australian language isolate once spoken by the Giimbiyu people of northern Australia.
The name Giimbiyu is a Gaagudju word for 'of the stoney country'. It was introduced in Harvey (1992) as a cover term for the named dialects,
In 1997 Nicholas Evans proposed an Arnhem Land family that includes the Giimbiyu languages. However, they are not included in Bowern (2011).[1]
| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Velar | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | |||
| Plosive | pronounced as /p/ | pronounced as /k/ | pronounced as /ɟ/ | pronounced as /t/ | pronounced as /ʈ/ | ||
| Nasal | pronounced as /m/ | pronounced as /ŋ/ | pronounced as /ɲ/ | pronounced as /n/ | pronounced as /ɳ/ | ||
| Fricative | pronounced as /ɣ/ | ||||||
| Tap | pronounced as /ɾ/ | ||||||
| Lateral | pronounced as /ʎ/ | pronounced as /l/ | pronounced as /ɭ/ | pronounced as /ɭʲ/ | |||
| Approximant | pronounced as /w/ | pronounced as /j/ | pronounced as /ɻ/ | ||||
| Front | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | ɪ | u | ||
| Mid | ɛ | ø | ||
| Low | a | |||
Capell (1942) lists the following basic vocabulary items:[3]
| gloss | Mangeri | Uningangk | |
|---|---|---|---|
| man | wurilg | wurig | |
| woman | ŋeːn | ŋeːn | |
| head | wiliŋerm | ulŋerb | |
| eye | iːm | iːm | |
| nose | jingolm | ingolb | |
| mouth | jagir | indjaːd | |
| tongue | nindjadj | indjaːd | |
| stomach | abeɽweɽe | abeɽwe | |
| bone | ijerm | mulgud | |
| blood | maneŋulm | waija | |
| kangaroo | oidjbaɣar | wurulamb | |
| opossum | muŋaːd | malijarŋ | |
| emu | wiwijüw | iwidjiw | |
| crow | gagud | gagud | |
| fly | muɳimuɳi | maŋanaŋaɳ | |
| sun | muɣaːliŋ | indjuwawi | |
| moon | järagäl | järagäl | |
| fire | wiɽumgarm | widjälim | |
| smoke | wuŋɛŋg | wuŋɛŋg | |
| water | ogog | ogog |