| Honorific Prefix: | Timsar |
| Gholam Reza Azhari | |
| Order: | 39th |
| Office: | Prime Minister of Iran |
| Term Start: | 6 November 1978 |
| Term End: | 31 December 1978 |
| Predecessor: | Jafar Sharif-Emami |
| Successor: | Shapour Bakhtiar |
| Birth Date: | 18 February 1912 |
| Birth Place: | Shiraz, Sublime State of Persia |
| Death Place: | McLean, Virginia, United States |
| Alma Mater: | National War College |
| Branch: | Imperial Iranian Army |
| Serviceyears: | 1935–1979 |
| Rank: | General |
| Commands: | Iranian Armed Forces |
| Battles: | Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran Iran crisis of 1946 |
| Office2: | Minister of War |
| Termstart2: | 6 November 1978 |
| Termend2: | 22 November 1978 |
| Successor2: | Jafar Shafaghat |
Arteshbod Gholam Reza Azhari (Persian: غلامرضا ازهاری; 18 February 1912 – 5 November 2001) was an Iranian military leader who served as the 39th and penultimate Prime Minister of Iran under the reign of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
Azhari was born in Shiraz in 1912 (or in 1917).[1] He was a graduate of Iran's war college. He was also trained at the National War College in Washington in the 1950s.[1]
Azhari worked at the CENTO.[2] He was appointed chief of staff of Iran's armed forces in 1971 and his tenure lasted until 1978. He served as interim prime minister of a military government until a civilian government could be chosen. He served as prime minister from 6 November 1978 to 31 December 1978.[3] [4] He formed the first military government in Iran since 1953.[5]
On 21 December 1978, Azhari, then the prime minister, told U.S. Ambassador to Iran William Sullivan that, "You must know this and you must tell it to your government. This country is lost because the Shah cannot make up his mind."[6] Azhari had a heart attack in January 1979 and resigned on 2 January.[7] Then he was succeeded by Abbas Gharabaghi as the chief of the army staff.[8] Shapour Bakhtiar succeeded Azhari as prime minister.[8] [9] On 18 February 1979 Azhari was retired from the army in absentia.[10]
See main article: Military government of Gholam-Reza Azhari. His cabinet was composed of nine members:[11] [12]
However, it is also reported that the government was of eleven men and six of them were military officers.[13]
| Age | Ranks military | Years | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22 | Cadet officer | 1933 | |
| 24 | Second Lieutenant | 1935 | |
| 26 | First lieutenant | 1937 | |
| 28 | Captain | 1939 | |
| 31 | Major | 1943 | |
| 34 | Lieutenant Colonel | 1946 | |
| 36 | Colonel | 1948 | |
| 46 | Brigadier general | 1958 | |
| 48 | Major general | 1960 | |
| 52 | Lieutenant general | 1964 | |
| 58 | General | 1970 |
Azhari suffered a heart attack while serving as prime minister. After leaving office he went to the US in January 1979 for heart surgery at Bethesda Naval Hospital. After surgery he did not return to Iran and settled in McLean, Virginia. In the immediate aftermath of the revolution, Ayatollah Sadegh Khalkhali, a religious judge and then chairman of the Revolutionary Court, informed the press that the death sentence was passed on the members of the Pahlavi family and former Shah officials, including Azhari.[14]
He died of cancer in McLean, Virginia, USA, on 5 November 2001.[15]