| Ghardaïa Province | |
| Native Name: | ولاية غرداية |
| Native Name Lang: | ar |
| Type: | Province |
| Coordinates: | 32.4833°N 43°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Algeria |
| Established Title: | Date created |
| Established Date: | 1984 |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Ghardaïa |
| Leader Title: | PPA president |
| Leader Name: | Mr. Hadj Said Sulaiman [1] |
| Leader Title1: | Wāli |
| Leader Name1: | Mr. Abi Nawar Abdullah [2] |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 21224.03 |
| Population Total: | 391671 [3] |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +01 |
| Iso Code: | DZ-47 |
| Area Code Type: | Area Code |
| Area Code: | +213 (0) 29 |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Districts |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 7 |
| Blank1 Name Sec1: | Municipalities |
| Blank1 Info Sec1: | 9 |
| Website: | Wilayadeghardaia.org |
Ghardaïa (Arabic: ولاية غرداية) is an Algerian province located in the north of the Algerian desert. Its administrative center is the city of Ghardaia, located 600km (400miles) south of the capital Algiers. Its total area is estimated at 21224.03km2, 138km (86miles) from north to south, and NaNkm (-2,147,483,648miles) from east to west. It rises 486m (1,594feet) above sea level.
The province is bordered by the province of Djelfa and the province of Laghouat to the north, the province of El Menia in the south, the province of Ouargla to the east and the province of El Bayadh in the west.
The city of Ghardaia, the capital of the province, is 200km (100miles) from Laghouat, 200 km from Ouargla, 270km (170miles) from El Menia and 430km (270miles) from El Bayadh, and is crossed by the national road 1 linking the Algerian capital to the Great South.
Since the state is located in desert areas, the climate of the region is arid desert, the temperature range is wide between day and night, and between winter and summer; the winter temperature ranges between NaNC, and between NaNC in summer. The weather is fair in spring and autumn, and the sky is clear most days of the year.
The average rainfall in the state is about 60mm annually, mostly in the winter season. How much cold northwesterly winds blow in the winter and south-westerly winds laden with sand in the spring and in the summer a hot south known as Sirocco.
c.1100 - Town of Ghardaïa is founded by the Mozabites, Amazigh Muslims of the Ibadi sect.[4] [5]
1984 - The Ghardaïa province was carved out of Laghouat Province.
2015 - Violence causing the death of over 20 citizens as a result of ethnic tension between "Bani Mzab and Arab Bedouin from various branches of the Chaamba tribe".[6]
"Aghlan" is the name the Beni Mzab have given to their region. Its geographical borders are as follows: Oued Bouzbyar in the North, Oued Zergoun in the west. The Mzab includes Zelfana and Guerrara in the east and is merged to the region of Chaamba in the south. The area is approximately 38000km2.
During the 8th century AD, 2nd century Hegira (according to Cheikh Abi Ishak Tfyeche) thé Beni Mzab settled on the banks of the oued or Valley to which they gave their name. The first inhabitants of the area had been nomadic or semi-nomadic. Many old small built-up areas, fallen into ruins long time ago, can be counted: in nearby al Atteuf we mention Agharm Netlazdit, Oukheira, and Aoulaoual, Tmazzert once existed near Bounoura and Agharm Enwadday has preceded the present city of Melika.Not far from Tafilalt were the towns of Mourki. Tirichine, Tlet Moussa, Agnounay and Boukyaou.
The final settling process of Beni Mzab along with the emergency of the three following cities: El Atteuf, which was settled in 1012; Bounoura in 1065, Ghardaia settled in 1085; and more than two centuries later, in 1321, Tafilalt expanded and integrated the inhabitants of its neighboring villages and is named since then Beni Isgeun. In 1355, Melika succeed Agharm Enwadday. This way the Mzab pentapolis was born.
Three centuries later, in 1631, the town of Guerrara was founded 90km (60miles) northeast of the pentapolis and 60 years later the town of Berriane was founded 40km (30miles) north of the pentapolis.
Now and since the last administrative division (in 1984) the seven Mzabite towns have been reduced into five municipalities in the province of Ghardaia.
The province is made up of 7 districts, which are divided into 9 communes or municipalities.
The position of Wali of Ghardaia was held by many national political figures since its establishment on 4 February 1984 under Law No. 84-09 which reorganized the Algerian territories by increasing the number of provinces from 31 to 48.
| 01 | Mohideen Charfi | 04/02/1984 | 31/08/1985 | |
| 02 | Ahmed Hakimi | 31/08/1985 | 26/07/1986 | |
| 03 | Mahmoud Si Youssef | 26/07/1986 | 29/07/1990 | |
| 04 | Khaled Rugij | 29/07/1990 | 21/08/1991 | |
| 05 | Khair Edinn Sharif | 21/08/1991 | 11/07/1995 | |
| 06 | Mukhtar Othmani | 11/07/1995 | 22/08/1999 | |
| 07 | Mahmoud Baazizi | 22/08/1999 | 04/08/2001 | |
| 08 | Abdel Malek Boudiaf | 04/08/2001 | 11/08/2005 | |
| 09 | Yahia Fahim | 11/08/2005 | 30/09/2010 | |
| 10 | Ahmed Adli | 30/09/2010 | 24/10/2013 | |
| 11 | Mahmoud Gomaa | 24/10/2013 | 22/07/2015 | |
| 12 | Ezzedine Meshri | 22/07/2015 | 26/06/2020 | |
| 13 | Boualem Omrani | 26/06/2020 | 14/09/2022 | |
| 14 | Abi Nawar Abdullah | 14/09/2022 | So far |
The state of Ghardaia is characterized by the presence of a road transport network, represented by a network of highways, in addition to a huge fleet of large and small buses, yellow taxis, and others.
Ghardaia Airport - Numirat Moufdi Zakaria (IATA: GHA, ICAO: DAUG) is an international airport located in the city of Ghardaia, and the airport was named after the Algerian poet Moufdi Zakaria.
Source:[7]
The state of Ghardaia is characterized by a wide road network that connects the regions of the state with each other, as well as the state of Ghardaia, with the neighboring states, as well as the highway (north-south).