German submarine U-861 was a long-range Type IXD2 U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. Laid down in Bremen and launched on 29 April 1943. She was equipped with two stern torpedo tubes and 24 mines.
She was commanded throughout her service life by Korvettenkapitän Jürgen Oesten (Knight's Cross).
German Type IXD2 submarines were considerably larger than the original Type IXs. U-861 had a displacement of 1610t when at the surface and 1799t while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of 87.58m (287.34feet), a pressure hull length of 68.5m (224.7feet), a beam of 7.5m (24.6feet), a height of 10.2m (33.5feet), and a draught of 5.35m (17.55feet). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines plus two MWM RS34.5S six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines for cruising, producing a total of 9000PS for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1000shp for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.85abbr=onNaNabbr=on propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . U-861 was fitted with six 53.30NaN0 torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 24 torpedoes, one 10.52NaN2 SK C/32 naval gun, 150 rounds, and a 3.7cm (01.5inches) Flak M42 with 2575 rounds as well as two 2sp=usNaNsp=us C/30 anti-aircraft guns with 8100 rounds. The boat had a complement of fifty-five.
She joined 4th Flotilla for training on 2 September 1943, where she remained until 31 March 1944. She then joined 12th Flotilla for active service until 30 September 1944. For her last assignment, she joined 33rd Flotilla, as part of Monsoon Group operating out of Penang in the Indian Ocean, on 1 October 1944 until the end of the war.On her final long trip back to Norway carrying vital supplies from the Far East, she struck an iceberg south of Greenland, but reached Trondheim safely on 19 April 1945, with very little fuel remaining.
U-861 surrendered on 9 May 1945 at Trondheim, Norway. She was transferred to Lisahally, Northern Ireland, shortly afterwards.
She was sunk by the Royal Navy on 31 December 1945 in position 55.4167°N -22°W as part of Operation Deadlight.
Date | Ship Name | Nationality | Tonnage (GRT) | Fate[1] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 July 1944 | Vital de Oliveira | Brazil | 1,737 | Sunk | |
24 July 1944 | William Gaston | United States | 7,177 | Sunk | |
20 August 1944 | Berwickshire | United Kingdom | 7,464 | Sunk | |
20 August 1944 | Daronia | United Kingdom | 8,139 | Damaged | |
5 September 1944 | Ioannis Fafalios | Greece | 5,670 | Sunk |