German submarine U-506 explained

German submarine U-506 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 11 July 1940 at the Deutsche Werft yard in Hamburg as yard number 296, launched on 20 June 1941 and commissioned on 15 September 1941 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Erich Würdemann.

After completing her training with the 4th U-boat Flotilla based at Stettin, U-506 was transferred to the 10th U-boat Flotilla for front-line service on 1 February 1942. She sank 14 ships, three were classified as 'damaged' another vessel was declared a 'total loss'. The submarine's missions, particularly the sinking of the merchant ship Heredia and later involvement in the so-called Laconia Incident is chronicled in the 2016 book So Close to Home.

She was sunk in the Atlantic on 12 July 1943 by depth charges dropped by a US B-24 Liberator.

Design

German Type IXC submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXBs. U-506 had a displacement of 1120t when at the surface and 1232t while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of 76.76m (251.84feet), a pressure hull length of 58.75m (192.75feet), a beam of 6.76m (22.18feet), a height of 9.6m (31.5feet), and a draught of 4.7m (15.4feet). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4400PS for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1000shp for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92abbr=onNaNabbr=on propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . U-506 was fitted with six 53.30NaN0 torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.52NaN2 SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7sp=usNaNsp=us SK C/30 as well as a 2sp=usNaNsp=us C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.

Service history

First patrol

U-506 first departed Hamburg on 2 March 1942 and sailed to Heligoland, leaving there on 9 March for her first patrol, which took her around the British Isles to Lorient in occupied France via the gap between the Shetland and Faeroe Islands, by 25 March.[1]

Second patrol

The U-boat sailed from Lorient on 6 April 1942, crossed the Atlantic, and entered the Gulf of Mexico to operate off the Mississippi River Delta against the crucial oil trade.[2] En route she sank a Nicaraguan merchant ship off the southern tip of Florida.[3] Between 10 and 20 May she sank three American oil tankers and a banana boat, and damaged four other oil tankers, one so badly it was declared a total loss. On the return journey she sank two British merchant ships off the Bahamas, eventually returning to Lorient on 15 June.[2]

Third patrol

U-506 sailed from Lorient once again on 28 July 1942 and headed south to the coast of West Africa, operating against ships sailing from Freetown, Sierra Leone. There she sank five more merchant ships, four British, one Swedish. On the return journey the U-boat took part in the rescue operations after the sinking of the RMS Laconia, before returning to Lorient on 7 November after 103 days at sea.[4]

Fourth patrol

The U-boat sailed from Lorient on 14 December 1942 and again headed south, this time to the coast of South Africa, where she sank two merchant ships, one British, the other Norwegian, before returning to base on 8 May.[5] She was away even longer than on her third patrol-146 days.

Fifth patrol

U-506s final voyage began on 6 July 1943. On 12 July the U-boat was attacked by a USAAF B-24 Liberator bomber of the 1st Anti-Submarine Squadron in the North Atlantic west of Vigo, Spain, in position 42.5°N -46°W. The U-boat was located by the aircraft's SC137 10 cm radar, which the Germans could not detect, and was attacked with seven depth charges. The U-boat broke in two, and about 15 men were seen in the water by the pilot, who dropped a liferaft and a smoke flare. Only six men were rescued by a British destroyer three days later.

Summary of raiding history

DateShip NameNationalityTonnage
(GRT)
Fate[6]
3 May 1942Sama Nicaragua567Sunk
10 May 1942Aurora United States7,050Damaged
13 May 1942Gulfpenn United States8,862Sunk
14 May 1942David McKelvy United States6,821Total loss
16 May 1942Sun United States9,002Damaged
16 May 1942William C. McTarnahan United States7,306Damaged
17 May 1942Gulfoil United States5,189Sunk
19 May 1942Heredia United States4,732Sunk
20 May 1942Halo United States6,986Sunk
20 May 1942Yorkmoor United Kingdom4,457Sunk
31 May 1942Fred W. Green United Kingdom2,292Sunk
21 August 1942City of Wellington United Kingdom5,733Sunk
23 August 1942Hamla United Kingdom4,416Sunk
5 September 1942Myrmidon United Kingdom6,278Sunk
13 September 1942Lima Sweden3,764Sunk
23 September 1942Siam II United Kingdom6,637Sunk
7 March 1943Sabor United Kingdom5,212Sunk
9 March 1943Tabor Norway4,768Sunk

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Patrol of U-boat U-506 from 9 Mar 1942 to 25 Mar 1942 . Helgason . Guðmundur . German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net . 24 February 2010.
  2. Web site: Patrol of U-boat U-506 from 6 Apr 1942 to 15 Jun 1942 . Helgason . Guðmundur . German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net . 24 February 2010.
  3. Web site: Sama (Motor merchant) . Helgason . Guðmundur . German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net . 24 February 2010.
  4. Web site: Patrol of U-boat U-506 from 28 Jul 1942 to 7 Nov 1942 . Helgason . Guðmundur . German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net . 24 February 2010.
  5. Web site: Patrol of U-boat U-506 from 14 Dec 1942 to 8 May 1943 . Helgason . Guðmundur . German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net . 24 February 2010.
  6. Web site: Ships hit by U-506 . Helgason . Guðmundur . German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net . 23 January 2014.