German submarine U-305 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 30 August 1941 at the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as yard number 305, launched on 25 July 1942 and commissioned on 17 September under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Rudolf Bahr.
During her career, the U-boat sailed on four combat patrols, sinking four ships, before she was sunk on 16 January 1944 in mid-Atlantic, southwest of Ireland.
She was part of eight wolfpacks.
German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-305 had a displacement of 769t when at the surface and 871t while submerged. She had a total length of 67.1m (220.1feet), a pressure hull length of 50.5m (165.7feet), a beam of 6.2m (20.3feet), a height of 9.6m (31.5feet), and a draught of 4.74m (15.55feet). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of NaNPS for use while surfaced, two Garbe, Lahmeyer & Co. RP 137/c double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750PS for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23abbr=onNaNabbr=on propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . U-305 was fitted with five 53.30NaN0 torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.82NaN2 SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin 2sp=usNaNsp=us C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.
The boat's service life began with training with the 8th U-boat Flotilla in September 1942. She was then transferred to the 1st flotilla for operations on 1 March.
The submarine's first patrol began with her departure from Kiel on 27 February 1943. She passed through the gap between Iceland and the Faroe Islands and into the north Atlantic Ocean. On 17 March she sank Port Auckland and Zouave southeast of Cape Farewell (Greenland), the latter foundering in five minutes. The boat arrived in Brest in occupied France, on 12 April 1943.
U-305s second foray was relatively uneventful, starting and finishing in Brest, as would all her remaining patrols, on 12 May and 1 June 1943.
On her third sortie, she sank on 20 September 1943. The Canadian warship was one of the first victims of a GNAT acoustic torpedo.
The boat's final patrol commenced on 8 December 1943. She successfully attacked southwest of Ireland. This ship sank in just two minutes, with the loss of 83 men.
U-305 was lost in January 1944. Fifty-one men died; there were no survivors.
U-305 was originally thought to have been sunk by the British destroyer and the frigate at 49°N -18°W on 17 January 1944.[1] [2] [3] but recent research suggests this attack sank, and U-305 was lost by unknown cause, possibly a victim of one of her own torpedoes.
U-305 took part in eight wolfpacks, namely:
| Date | Ship name | Nationality | Tonnage[4] | Fate[5] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 March 1943 | Port Auckland |  United Kingdom | 8,789 | Sunk | |
| 17 March 1943 | Zouave | United Kingdom | 4,256 | Sunk | |
| 20 September 1943 | HMCS St. Croix | 1,190 | Sunk | ||
| 7 January 1944 | HMS Tweed | 1,370 | Sunk |