German Chess Championship Explained

The German Chess Championship has been played since 1861, and determines the national champion. Prior to 1880, three different federations organized chess activities in Germany: the Westdeutscher Schachbund (WDSB), the Norddeutscher Schachbund (NDSB) and the Mitteldeutscher Schachbund (MDSB). Each one organized its own championship. In 1880, the nationwide Deutscher Schachbund was founded, so afterwards only one German championship was played.

Starting from 1933, the Nazi Party took control of all social activities and until 1943 all chess championships were organized by the Großdeutscher Schachbund. After the end of World War II, separate championships were played in the occupied zones. Afterwards, from 1950 to 1989, two national championships were held in the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic. After the reunification of Germany in 1989, a single tournament has been played.

Championships, 1861–1932

WDSB-Congresses, 1861–1880

Year City Winner
11861Düsseldorfno masters participated
21862DüsseldorfMax Lange
31863DüsseldorfMax Lange
41864DüsseldorfMax Lange
51865ElberfeldGustav Neumann
61867CologneWilfried Paulsen
71868AachenMax Lange
81869BarmenAdolf Anderssen
91871Krefeld
101876DüsseldorfWilfried Paulsen
111877CologneJohannes Zukertort
121878FrankfurtLouis Paulsen
131880BraunschweigLouis Paulsen

MDSB-Congresses, 1871–1877

Year City Winner
11871LeipzigAdolf Anderssen
21876 LeipzigAdolf Anderssen
31877LeipzigLouis Paulsen

NDSB-Congresses, 1868–1872

Year City Winner
11868HamburgMax Lange
21869HamburgAdolf Anderssen
31872AltonaAdolf Anderssen

German Congresses, 1879–1932

Year City Winner
11879 LeipzigBerthold Englisch
21881 BerlinJoseph Henry Blackburne 
31883 NurembergSimon Winawer
41885
51887 FrankfurtGeorge Henry Mackenzie
61889
71892 DresdenSiegbert Tarrasch
81893 KielCarl Walbrodt
Curt von Bardeleben
91894 LeipzigSiegbert Tarrasch
101896 Eisenach
111898 CologneAmos Burn
121900 MunichGéza Maróczy
Harry Nelson Pillsbury
Carl Schlechter
131902 HannoverDawid Janowski
141904 Coburg
151906  Nuremberg
161908 DüsseldorfFrank James Marshall
171910 HamburgCarl Schlechter
181912 Breslau
191914Alexander Alekhine
201920 BerlinFriedrich Sämisch
211921 Hamburg
221922 Bad Oeynhausen Ehrhardt Post
231923 FrankfurtErnst Grünfeld
241925 BreslauEfim Bogoljubow
251927 MagdeburgRudolf Spielmann
261929 DuisburgCarl Ahues
271931 Swinemünde
281932 Bad EmsGeorg Kieninger

German Championships, 1933–1949

Western and Soviet zones championships, 1946–1953

Western zone championships, 1947–1953

Year City Winner
11947 Weidenau Georg Kieninger
21948 Essen Wolfgang Unzicker 
31949 Bad Pyrmont          
41950 Bad Pyrmont Wolfgang Unzicker
51951 Düsseldorf Rudolf Teschner
61953 Leipzig Wolfgang Unzicker

Soviet zone championships, 1946–1949

West and East Germany championships

center|150px|thumb|Robert Hübner

West Germany championships, 1953–1989

Year City Winner
11953Berlin Wolfgang Unzicker
21955Frankfurt am Main
31957Bad Neuenahr Paul Tröger
41959Nürnberg Wolfgang Unzicker
51961Bad Pyrmont
61963Bad Pyrmont Wolfgang Unzicker
71965Bad Aibling Wolfgang Unzicker, Helmut Pfleger 
81967Kiel
91969Königsfeld
101970Völklingen Hans-Joachim Hecht
111971Berlin Svetozar Gligorić (international)
121972Oberursel Hans Günther Kestler
131973 Dortmund Hans-Joachim Hecht, Ulf Andersson 
 Boris Spassky (international) 
141974Menden Peter Ostermeyer
151975Mannheim Walter Browne (international)
161976Bad Pyrmont Klaus Wockenfuss
171977Bad Lauterberg Anatoly Karpov (international)
181978Bad Neuenahr Ludek Pachman
191979Munich Boris Spassky, Yuri Balashov
 Ulf Andersson (international)
201980Bad Neuenahr Eric Lobron
211981Bochum Lubomir Kavalek (international)
221982Bad Neuenahr
231983Hannover Anatoly Karpov (international)
241984Bad Neuenahr Eric Lobron
251987Bad Neuenahr Vlastimil Hort, Ralf Lau
261988Bad Lauterberg Bernd Schneider
271989Bad Neuenahr

East Germany championships, 1950–1990

German championships since 1991

Year City Winner
11991 Bad Neuenahr Vlastimil Hort
21993 Bad Wildbad
31994
41995 BinzChristopher Lutz
51996 Dudweiler
61996 Nussloch Rustem Dautov, Artur Yusupov 
71997 Gladenbach Matthias Wahls
81998 Bremen Jörg Hickl
91999 Altenkirchen Robert Hübner
102000 Heringsdorf Robert Rabiega
112001 Altenkirchen Christopher Lutz
122002 Saarbrücken Thomas Luther
132004 Höckendorf Alexander Graf
142005 Altenkirchen Artur Yusupov
152006 Thomas Luther
162007 Bad Königshofen 
172008 Bad Wörishofen
182009 Saarbrücken Arik Braun
192010 Bad Liebenzell Niclas Huschenbeth
202011 Bonn Igor Khenkin
212012 Osterburg Daniel Fridman
222013 Saarbrücken Klaus Bischoff
232014 Verden an der Aller Daniel Fridman
242015 Saarbrücken Klaus Bischoff
252016 Lübeck Sergey Kalinitschew
262017 Apolda Liviu-Dieter Nisipeanu
272018 Dresden Rainer Buhmann
282019 Magdeburg Niclas Huschenbeth
292020 MagdeburgMatthias Blübaum
302021 MagdeburgJonas Rosner
312022 MagdeburgLeonardo Costa
32 2023 Vitaly Kunin

Women

Championships of the Greater German Chess Federation, 1939–1943

YearCityWinner
1939 Friedl Rinder
1942 Edith Keller
1943 Gertrud Jürgens

All-German championships, 1947–1953

YearCityWinner
1947 Edith Keller
1949 Friedl Rinder
1951 Edith Keller
1952 Edith Keller-Herrmann
1953 Edith Keller-Herrmann

Championships of West Germany, 1953–1989

YearCityWinner
1955 Friedl Rinder
1956 Friedl Rinder
1957 Helga Axt
1958 Helga Axt
1959 Friedl Rinder
1960 Maria Scheffold
1961 Helga Axt
1962 Anneliese Brandler
1963 Krefeld Hannelore Lucht
1964 Irmgard Kärner
1965 Ottilie Stibaner
1968 Ursula Wasnetsky
1970 Anni Laakmann
1972 Anni Laakmann
1974 Anni Laakmann
1976 Anni Laakmann
1978 Barbara Hund
1980 Isabel Hund
1982 Barbara Hund
1984 Barbara Hund
1987 Ute Späte
1989 Bad AiblingIsabel Hund

Open German Women's Championships since 1971

YearCityWinner
1971 Gertrud Renz
1973 Doina Pfleger
1975 Zell am HarmersbachUrsula Wasnetsky
1977 Maria Kuch
1979 Christel Neumark
1981 Annette Borik
1983 Raissa Wapnitschnaja
1986 Zell am Harmersbach Annette Borik
1988 Rita Kas-Fromm
1990 Jordanka Mičić
1992 Bad Neustadt Marina Olbrich
1994 Ekaterina Borulya
1996 Anita Just
1998 Gundula David
2000 Tatjana Vasilevich
2002 Heike Vogel
2004 Sandra Krege
2006 Petra Blažková
2008 Antje Fuchs
2010 Heike Vogel
2012 GladenbachAntje Fuchs

International Open German Women's Championships since 1977

YearCityWinner
1977 Marta Litinskaya
1979 Bad KissingenMaia Chiburdanidze
1981 Bad KissingenNino Gurieli
2014 Christina Winterholler
2015 Jutta Ries
2016 Melanie Grund

Championships of the Soviet occupation zone, 1948–1949

YearCityWinner
1948 Gertrud Nüsken
1949 Mira Kremer

Championships of the GDR, 1950–1990

YearCityWinner
1950 Edith Keller, Gertrud Nüsken
1951 Mira Kremer
1952 Schwerin Edith Keller-Herrmann
1953 Gertrud Nüsken
1954 Ursula Höroldt
1955 Gertrud Nüsken
1956 Edith Keller-Herrmann
1957 Sömmerda Edith Keller-Herrmann
1958 Waltraud Schameitat
1959 Leipzig Edith Keller-Herrmann
1961 Waltraud Schameitat
1962 Waltraud Schameitat
1963 Waltraud Nowarra
1964 Gabriele Ortlepp
1965 Gabriele Just
1967 Waltraud Nowarra, Ursula Liebert
1968 Waltraud Nowarra
1969 Schwerin Waltraud Nowarra
1970 Christina Hölzlein
1971 Christina Hölzlein
1972 Gabriele Just
1973 Eveline Nünchert
1974 Petra Feustel
1975 Brigitte Hofmann
1976 Petra Feustel
1977 Petra Feustel
1978 Brigitte Hofmann
1979 Brigitte Hofmann
1980 Ulricke Seidemann
1981 Annett Wagner-Michel
1982 Iris Bröder
1983 Annett Wagner-Michel
1984 Iris Bröder
1985 Marion Heintze
1986 Carola Manger
1987 Iris Bröder
1988 Antje Riedel
1989 Kerstin Kunze
1990 Gundula Nehse

German championships since 1991

The German Women's Championship is held every odd-numbered year as a 9-round Swiss tournament (DFEM). In even-numbered years an international open tournament is held (IODFEM).[1]

Year City Winner[2]
1991 Beverungen Anke Koglin
1993 Bad Mergentheim Marina Olbrich
1995 Krefeld Tatiana Grabuzova
1997 Ottweiler Marina Olbrich
1999 Chemnitz Elisabeth Pähtz
2001 Krefeld Jessica Nill
2003 Altenkirchen Annemarie Sylvia Meier
2005 Bad Königshofen Sandra Krege
2007 Osterburg Ljubov Kopylov
2009 Hockenheim Polina Zilberman
2011 Bonn Sarah Hoolt
2013 Bad Wiessee Hanna Marie Klek
2015 Bad Wiessee Zoya Schleining
2017 Bad Wiessee Jana Schneider
2019 Magdeburg Marta Michna
2020 MagdeburgCarmen Voicu-Jagodzinsky
2021 MagdeburgElena Köpke
2022 MagdeburgLara Schulze
2023Kateryna Dolzhykova

References

Notes and References

  1. Web site: DFEM - Deutscher Schachbund. www.schachbund.de. 2016-04-09.
  2. Web site: Hund. Gerhard. Deutsche Schachmeisterschaften der Frauen. TeleSchach. 22 March 2016. de.

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