Gerald M. Rubin Explained

Gerald Rubin
Birth Name:Gerald Mayer Rubin
Doctoral Advisor:Sydney Brenner
Thesis Title:Studies on 5.8S ribosomal RNA
Thesis Year:1974
Thesis Url:http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.471132

Gerald Mayer Rubin (born 1950) is an American biologist, notable for pioneering the use of transposable P elements in genetics, and for leading the public project to sequence the Drosophila melanogaster genome. Related to his genomics work, Rubin's lab is notable for development of genetic and genomics tools and studies of signal transduction and gene regulation. Rubin also served as a vice president of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (2003-2020) and founding executive director of its Janelia Research Campus.[1] [2] [3]

Education and early life

Rubin was born in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1950, attending the Boston Latin School. Rubin completed his undergraduate degree in biology at MIT, working at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory during the summer.[4] [5] He completed his Ph.D. at the University of Cambridge, working at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in 1974,[6] for studies on 5.8S ribosomal RNA supervised by Sydney Brenner.[7]

Career and research

Following his PhD, Rubin did postdoctoral research at Stanford University with David Hogness.[8]

Rubin's first faculty position was at Harvard Medical School, followed by the Carnegie Institution of Washington; in 1983 he accepted an appointment as the John D. MacArthur Professor of Genetics at the University of California, Berkeley. He was appointed a Howard Hughes Medical Investigator in 1987. He is currently the MacArthur Professor of Genetics emeritus, Genomics and Development, in Berkeley's Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, and a Senior Group Leader at the Janelia Research Campus.

Rubin has taken a leading role in a number of high-profile scientific research projects.[9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] As the director of the Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project, he led the public effort to sequence Drosophila melanogaster.[15] As Vice President of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rubin led the development of HHMI's Janelia Research Campus, an independent biomedical research institute in Virginia.[4]

His lab is particularly known for its development of genomics tools, studies of gene regulation and other genome-wide research, neuroanatomy, and neurogenetics.

He was one of the three scientific founders of Exelixis in 1994; the company's original business plan was to exploit genomic research in Drosophila and other model organism to discover biological targets that could be used in drug discovery.[20]

Awards and honours

Rubin has won numerous awards including:

Notes and References

  1. Rubin . G. M. . Janelia Farm: An Experiment in Scientific Culture . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.04.005 . Cell . 125 . 2 . 209–212 . 2006 . 16630805 . free .
  2. Web site: Faculty Research Page. Department of Molecular & Cell Biology.
  3. http://www.sciencewatch.com/sept-oct99/sw_sept-oct99_page3.htm HMI's Gerald M. Rubin: The Benefits of Genomics, ScienceWatch, v.10, n.5 (Sept./Oct. 1999)
  4. UPI, "Gerald Rubin: Science Far Too Conservative", April 20, 2006 (discussing Janelia Farm).
  5. Web site: Gerald M. Rubin . www.nasonline.org . 6 June 2022.
  6. Rubin . G. . Three forms of the 5.8-S ribosomal RNA species in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . European Journal of Biochemistry . 41 . 1 . 197–202 . 1974 . 4593336 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03260.x. free .
  7. PhD. University of Cambridge. Studies on 5.8 S Ribosomal RNA.. Gerald Mayer. Rubin. 1974. 500553465. .
  8. Rubin . G. . Hogness . D. . Effect of heat shock on the synthesis of low molecular weight RNAs in drosophila: Accumulation of a novel form of 5S RNA . Cell . 6 . 2 . 207–213 . 1975 . 810246 . 10.1016/0092-8674(75)90011-2. 42281700 .
  9. Mammalian Gene Collection Program Team . 4 . Strausberg . R. L. . Feingold . E. A. . Grouse . L. H. . Derge . J. G. . Klausner . R. D. . Collins . F. S. . Wagner . L. . Shenmen . C. M. . Schuler . G. D. . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . . 99 . 26 . 16899–16903 . 139241 . 2002 . 12477932. 2002PNAS...9916899M. free .
  10. 8404527. 1993. Xu. T. Analysis of genetic mosaics in developing and adult Drosophila tissues. Development. 117. 4. 1223–37. Rubin. G. M.. 10.1242/dev.117.4.1223.
  11. 14681407. 308770. 2004. Harris. M. A.. The Gene Ontology (GO) database and informatics resource. Nucleic Acids Research. 32. Database issue. D258–61. Clark. J. Ireland. A. Lomax. J. Ashburner. M. Foulger. R. Eilbeck. K. Lewis. S. Marshall. B. Mungall. C. Richter. J. Rubin. G. M.. Blake. J. A.. Bult. C. Dolan. M. Drabkin. H. Eppig. J. T.. Hill. D. P.. Ni. L. Ringwald. M. Balakrishnan. R. Cherry. J. M.. Christie. K. R.. Costanzo. M. C.. Dwight. S. S.. Engel. S. Fisk. D. G.. Hirschman. J. E.. Hong. E. L.. Nash. R. S.. 29. 10.1093/nar/gkh036.
  12. Spradling . A. . Rubin . G. . 10.1126/science.6289435 . Transposition of cloned P elements into Drosophila germ line chromosomes . Science . 218 . 4570 . 341–347 . 1982 . 6289435. 1982Sci...218..341S .
  13. Rubin . G. . Spradling . A. . Genetic transformation of Drosophila with transposable element vectors . Science . 218 . 4570 . 348–353 . 1982 . 6289436. 1982Sci...218..348R . 10.1126/science.6289436 .
  14. 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80126-9 . Miklos . G. . Rubin . G. . The role of the genome project in determining gene function: Insights from model organisms . Cell . 86 . 4 . 521–529 . 1996 . 8752207. 10526337 . free .
  15. Adams . M. . Celniker . S. . Holt . R. . Evans . C. . Gocayne . J. . Amanatides . P. . Scherer . S. . Li . P. . Hoskins . R. . Galle . R. F. . George . R. A. . Lewis . S. E. . Richards . S. . Ashburner . M. . Henderson . S. N. . Sutton . G. G. . Wortman . J. R. . Yandell . M. D. . Zhang . Q. . Chen . L. X. . Brandon . R. C. . Rogers . Y. H. . Blazej . R. G. . Champe . M. . Pfeiffer . B. D. . Wan . K. H. . Doyle . C. . Baxter . E. G. . Helt . G. . Nelson . C. R. . The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster . Science . 287 . 5461 . 2185–2195 . 2000 . 10731132. 2000Sci...287.2185. . 10.1126/science.287.5461.2185 . 29 . 10.1.1.549.8639 .
  16. Rubin . G. . Gerald M. Rubin. Yandell . M. . Wortman . J. . Gabor Miklos . G. . Nelson . C. . Hariharan . I. . Fortini . M. . Li . P. . Apweiler . R. . Fleischmann . W. . Cherry . J. M. . Henikoff . S. . Skupski . M. P. . Misra . S. . Ashburner . M. . Michael Ashburner. Birney . E. . Ewan Birney. Boguski . M. S. . Brody . T. . Brokstein . P. . Celniker . S. E. . Chervitz . S. A. . Coates . D. . Cravchik . A. . Gabrielian . A. . Galle . R. F. . Gelbart . W. M. . George . R. A. . Goldstein . L. S. . Gong . F. . Guan . P. . Comparative genomics of the eukaryotes . Science . 287 . 5461 . 2204–2215 . 2000 . 10731134 . 2754258. 2000Sci...287.2204. . 10.1126/science.287.5461.2204 .
  17. Botstein . D. . David Botstein. Cherry . J. M. . Ashburner . M. . Michael Ashburner. Ball . C. A. . Blake . J. A. . Butler . H. . Davis . A. P. . Dolinski . K. . Dwight . S. S. . Eppig . J. T. . Harris . M. A. . Hill . D. P. . Issel-Tarver . L. . Kasarskis . A. . Lewis . S. . Suzanna Lewis. Matese . J. C. . Richardson . J. E. . Ringwald . M. . Rubin . G. M. . Gerald M. Rubin. Sherlock . G. . Gene ontology: Tool for the unification of biology. The Gene Ontology Consortium . . 25 . 1 . 25–29 . 10.1038/75556 . 2000 . 10802651 . 3037419 .
  18. Rubin . G. M. . The draft sequences: Comparing species . 10.1038/35057277 . Nature . 409 . 6822 . 820–821 . 2001 . 11236995 . 2001Natur.409..820R . free .
  19. Spellman . P. T. . Rubin . G. M. . Evidence for large domains of similarly expressed genes in the Drosophila genome . Journal of Biology . 1 . 1 . 5 . 10.1186/1475-4924-1-5 . 2002 . 12144710. 117248 . free .
  20. McCarthy. Alice A.. Exelixis: Integrated Drug-Discovery and Development Platform for Human Therapeutics. Chemistry & Biology. April 2005. 12. 4. 407–408. 10.1016/j.chembiol.2005.04.004. 15850973. free.
  21. Web site: 1983 AAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize. 2016-02-08. 2011-06-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20110607023735/http://archives.aaas.org/awards.php?a_id=7. dead.
  22. Nair. Prashant. QnAs with Gerald M. Rubin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 113. 48. 2016. 13543–13545. 0027-8424. 10.1073/pnas.1617474113. 27856746. 5137761. 2016PNAS..11313543N . free.
  23. Web site: Gerald Rubin. www.nasonline.org.
  24. Web site: Inside AAAS . 1992.
  25. Web site: Gerald Mayer Rubin.
  26. Robert Sanders, "UC Berkeley's Gerald Rubin shares AAAS prize with Celera's Craig Venter for sequencing genome of the fruit fly", UC Berkeley Campus News, Feb. 20, 2001.
  27. Web site: Architect of the future: refocusing on basic research: R&D Magazine's 41st Scientist of the Year balances genomic research while spearheading one of the newest centers of basic research in the life sciences. (Cover story) - R & D - . 20 February 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160220141741/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-171581186.html. 2016-02-20.
  28. https://gruber.yale.edu/prize/2024-gruber-neuroscience-prize Gruber Prize in Neuroscience 2024

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