| Honorific-Prefix: | The Right Honourable |
| The Earl of Balfour | |
| Office14: | Member of the House of Lords Lord Temporal |
| Term Start14: | 28 November 1968 |
| Term End14: | 11 November 1999 as a hereditary peer |
| Predecessor14: | The 3rd Earl of Balfour |
| Successor14: | Seat abolished |
| Birth Date: | 23 December 1925 |
| Birth Place: | Whittingehame, East Lothian, Scotland |
| Death Place: | Dunbar, Scotland |
| Parents: | Robert Balfour, 3rd Earl of Balfour Jean Lily West Roundel Cooke-Yarborough |
Gerald Arthur James Balfour, 4th Earl of Balfour (23 December 1925 – 27 June 2003), styled Viscount Traprain between 1945 and 1968, was a British peer.
Balfour was the son of The 3rd Earl of Balfour and Jean Lily West Roundel Cooke-Yarborough. He married Natasha Georgina Anton (d. 1994), daughter of Captain George Anton, on 14 December 1956.
Balfour was educated at Eton. He took part in the Second World War, in the Merchant Navy. A master mariner, he first served on . From 1960 to 1974, he was a County Councillor for East Lothian. In November 1968 he succeeded his father in the earldom.
As Balfour and his wife had no children, Balfour was succeeded in the earldom by his second cousin once removed Roderick Balfour.