George Ridsdale Goldsbrough Explained

George Ridsdale Goldsbrough CBE FRS (19 May 1881, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear – 26 May 1963, Stratford-upon-Avon) was an English mathematician and mathematical physicist.^{[1] [2]}

After education at Bede Higher Grade School, Goldsbrough matriculated at Armstrong College (which in 1963 became a component of Newcastle University) and graduated there with honours in 1903. From 1905 to 1919 he was the senior mathematics master at Jarrow-on-Tyne, Secondary School. In 1910 in conversation, R. A. Sampson suggested that Goldsbrough should do research on the theory of tides and gravitational astronomy.

During the First World War, he worked at the HM Factory, Gretna, at their Dornock site, and is recorded on the Dornock Souvenir held at the Devils Porridge Museum in Eastriggs.

At Armstrong College, Goldsbrough was appointed in 1919 Lecturer in Applied Mathematics, in 1922 Reader in Dynamical Astronomy, and in 1928 Second Professor of Mathematics. (In 1937 Armstrong College became part of King's College, Durham.) At King's College, as the successor to T. H. Havelock, he became in 1942 Head of the Department of Mathematics and remained so until his retirement in 1948.

In 1897 and 1898, Sydney Samuel Hough published a mathematical analysis of tides in a global ocean of nearly uniform depth without land masses.^[3] In 1915 Goldsbrough improved upon Hough's analysis by publishing a dynamic theory of tides in a polar basis^[4] and, in a separate paper, a dynamical theory of tides in a global zonal ocean basin bounded by a land mass at a higher latitude and a land mass at a lower latitude.^[5] In 1950 he published a method for solving the dynamical equations of the tides on a rotating globe with ocean boundaries along meridian boundaries.^[6]

In September 1933 and January 1935, Goldsbrough published two papers on steady ocean circulation that incorporated the variation of the Coriolis parameter with latitude.^{[7] [8]} These two papers anticipated, to some extent, Rossby's 1939 planetary wave theory, Sverdrup's 1947 theory relating the curl of the wind stress to meridional transport, and Stommel's 1948 theory of the westward intensification of wind-driven ocean currents.^{[9] [10]}

Furthering some papers published in 1922,^{[11] [12]} Goldsbrough published in 1941 a detailed analysis of the perturbations of a ring of satellites by an independent satellite.^{[13] [14]} In 1951 he published an analysis of the stability of two rings of particles in orbit around a primary,^[15]

He died on the 26th May 1963, at the age of 82, while sitting in a deckchair in the gardens adjoining the Royal Shakespeare Theatre, Stratford-on-Avon. (Coventry Evening Telegraph 27th May 1963)

Awards and honours

• 1929 – F.R.S.
• 1948 – C.B.E.

Notes and References

1. Gilbert, C.. George Ridsdale Goldsbrough. Journal of the London Mathematical Society. 1965. s1-40. 1. 749–750. 10.1112/jlms/s1-40.1.749.
2. Proudman . J. . 10.1098/rsbm.1964.0007 . George Ridsdale Goldsbrough. 1881–1963 . Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society . 10 . 107–126 . 1964 . free .
3. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924060893561;view=1up;seq=259 Hough's 1897 paper
4. Goldsbrough, G. R. (1915). The dynamical theory of the tides in a polar basin. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 2(1), 31–66.
5. Goldsbrough, G. R. (1915). The dynamical theory of the tides in a zonal ocean. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 2(1), 207–229.
6. Goldsbrough, G. R. (January 1950). The tides in oceans on a rotating globe. V. In Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (Vol. 200, No. 1061, pp. 191–200). The Royal Society.
7. Goldsbrough, G. R.. 1 September 1933. Ocean currents produced by evaporation and precipitation. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character. 141. 845. 512–517. 96164. 10.1098/rspa.1933.0135. 1933RSPSA.141..512G. free.
8. Goldsbrough, G. R.. 1 January 1935. On ocean currents produced by winds. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character. 148. 863. 47–58. 96358. 10.1098/rspa.1935.0005. 1935RSPSA.148...47G.
9. Stommel, Henry. The delicate interplay between wind-stress and buoyancy input in ocean circulation: the Goldsbrough variations. 1984. 36A. 2. 111–119. Tellus. 10.1111/j.1600-0870.1984.tb00231.x. 1984TellA..36..111S.
10. Huang, R. X.. Schmitt, R. W.. 1993. The Goldsbrough-Stommel circulation of the world oceans. Journal of Physical Oceanography. 23. 6. 1277–1284. 1993JPO....23.1277H. 10.1175/1520-0485(1993)023<1277:tgcotw>2.0.co;2. free.
11. Goldsbrough, G. R. (1922). The Influence of Satellites upon the Form of Saturn's Ring. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical or Physical Character, 222, 101–130.
12. Goldsbrough, G. R. "The Cause of Encke's Division in Saturn's Ring." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character 101, no. 710 (1922): 280–289.
13. Goldsbrough, G. R. "The Theory of the Divisions in Saturn's Rings." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 239, no. 803 (1941): 183–216.
14. [Harold Jeffreys|Jeffreys, H.]
15. Goldsbrough, G. R. "The Stability of Saturn's Rings." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 244, no. 874 (1951): 1–17.