| the | |
| Map: | |
| Continent: | Africa |
| Coordinates: | 2°N 10°W |
| Area Ranking: | 141st |
| Km Area: | 28,051 |
| Km Coastline: | 296 |
| Exclusive Economic Zone: | 303509km2 |
| Borders: | 539 km |
| Highest Point: | Pico Basile, 3,008 m |
| Lowest Point: | Atlantic Ocean, 0 m |
| Longest River: | Benito River |
| Climate: | Tropical |
| Natural Resources: | petroleum, timber, small unexploited deposits of gold, manganese, uranium |
| Environmental Issues: | drinking water, desertification |
The Republic of Equatorial Guinea is located in west central Africa. Bioko Island lies about 401NaN1 from Cameroon. Annobón Island lies about 595km (370miles) southwest of Bioko Island. The larger continental region of Río Muni lies between Cameroon and Gabon on the mainland; it includes the islands of Corisco, Elobey Grande, Elobey Chico, and adjacent islets. The total land area is 28051km2. It has an Exclusive Economic Zone of 303509km2.
Bioko Island, called Fernando Po until the 1970s, is the largest island in the Gulf of Guinea — 20170NaN0. It is shaped like a boot, with two large volcanic formations separated by a valley that bisects the island at its narrowest point. The 195km (121miles) coastline is steep and rugged in the south but lower and more accessible in the north, with excellent harbors at Malabo and Luba, and several scenic beaches between those towns.
On the continent, Río Muni covers 260030NaN0. The coastal plain gives way to a succession of valleys separated by low hills and spurs of the Crystal Mountains. The Rio Benito (Mbini) which divides Río Muni in half, is unnavigable except for a 20-kilometer stretch at its estuary. Temperatures and humidity in Río Muni are generally lower than on Bioko Island.
Annobon Island, named for its discovery on New Year's Day 1472, is a small volcanic island covering 181NaN1. The coastline is abrupt except in the north; the principal volcanic cone contains a small lake. Most of the estimated 1,900 inhabitants are fisherman specializing in traditional, smallscale tuna fishing and whaling. The climate is tropical—heavy rainfall, high humidity, and frequent seasonal changes with violent windstorms.
Location:Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon.
Equatorial Guinea's land boundaries total 539 km. It borders Cameroon (189 km) in the north and Gabon (350 km) in the east and south.
Maritime claims:territorial sea:121NaN1
Exclusive economic zone:303509km2 with 200nmi
| Above: | Land Use |
| Label1: | Arable land: |
| Data1: | 4.28% |
| Label2: | Permanent crops: |
| Data2: | 2.14% |
| Label3: | Other: |
| Data3: | 93.58% |
Coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic.
Total renewable water resources:26 km3 (2011)
Natural hazards:violent windstorms, flash floods
Environment — current issues:tap water is not potable; deforestation
Environment — international agreements:party to:Biodiversity, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
Geography note:insular and continental regions rather widely separated
The climate of both the continental region and the islands is typically equatorial, with high temperatures, heavy rainfall, and much cloud cover most of the year. Local variations are due to differences in altitude and proximity to the sea. The wet seasons in the continental region are from February to June and from September to December. Rainfall is higher on the coast than inland. In Bata the rainiest months are September, October, and November, with rainfall averaging more than 940NaN0 a year. At Calatrava, farther south on the coast, it sometimes reaches 1800NaN0. Inland, however, rainfall diminishes; Mikomeseng, for example, receives only about 580NaN0. The average annual temperature is about 79F and is fairly constant throughout the year. The temperature maxima are somewhat lower than in Bioko. The relative humidity, however, is higher than in Bioko. Bioko has a rather debilitating climate. The so-called dry season lasts from November to March, and the rest of the year is rainy. The average annual temperature of about 77F varies little throughout the year. Afternoon temperatures reach the high 80s °F (low 30s °C) and drop to only about 70F at night. Most of the time the sky is cloudy and overcast. Extreme rainfall occurs in the south, with rain brought by monsoon winds amounting to about 4500NaN0 a year around San Antonio de Ureca.
This is a list of the extreme points of Equatorial Guinea, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location.