Geodorum terrestre explained

Geodorum terrestre, commonly known as pink shepherds' crook[1] or bent orchid, is a plant in the orchid family and is native to areas from tropical Asia to northern Australia. It is a terrestrial orchid with broad, pleated leaves and up to and twenty pale pink flowers with dark red veins on the labellum. It grows in wetter habitats including swamps.

Description

Geodorum terrestre is a leafy, terrestrial herb with crowded, often yellowish pseudobulbs NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The leaves are glabrous, pleated and NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. Between eight and twenty pale pink flowers NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide are borne on a flowering stem NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long. As the flowers open, the flowering stem droops downwards and as the flowers wilt, the stem becomes upright again. The sepals are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, about 4sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide with boat-shaped lateral sepals. The petals are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 wide. The labellum is pink with dark red veins, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 wide with the sides curved upwards. Flowering occurs between December and February in Australia and between March and May, or October and November in Asia.[2] [3]

Taxonomy and naming

Pink shepherds' crook was first described in 1759 by Carl Linnaeus who gave it the name Epidendrum terrestre. He published the description in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, based on an illustration in Rumphius's Herbarium amboinense.[4] [5] In 1994, Paul Abel Ormerod changed the name to Phaius terrestris[6] but Leslie Andrew Garay considers that it was a mistake to attempt to reconcile Linnaeus' description with a later description from 1763, and relies on the original illustration in the Herbarium Amboinense. In 1997, Garay changed the name to Geodorum terrestre.[7] [8] The specific epithet (terrestre) is a Latin word meaning "of the earth",[9] referring to the terrestrial habit of this orchid.

Distribution and habitat

Geodorum terrestre occurs between Nepal and northern Australia. It grows in moist forest including rainforest, in river gullies and near waterfalls. In Australia it occurs in the Kimberley region of Western Australia, in northern parts of the Northern Territory and in eastern Australia between Cape York and the Macleay River in New South Wales.

Notes and References

  1. Book: Jones. David L.. A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. 2006. New Holland. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.. 1877069124. 360.
  2. Book: Brown. Andrew. Dixon. Kingsley. French. Christopher. Brockman. Garry. Field guide to the orchids of Western Australia : the definitive guide to the native orchids of Western Australia. 2013. Simon Nevill Publications. 9780980348149. 492.
  3. New Orchids (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae and Vandoideae) in the Flora of Vietnam . Averyanov . Leonid V. . Nguyen . Van Canh . Nguyen . Hoang Tuan . Truong . Ba Vuong . Nguyen . Phi Tam . Nguyen . Sinh Khang . Maisak . Tatiana V. . Nguyen . Hiep Tien . Bui . Duc Nam . Chu . Xuan Canh . Taiwania . 63 . 3 . 209 . 2018 . National Taiwan University, College of Life Science.
  4. Web site: Epidendrum terrestre. APNI. 28 October 2018.
  5. Book: Linnaeus . Carl . Systema Naturae (Volume 10) . 1759 . 1246 . 28 October 2018.
  6. Web site: Phaius terrestris. APNI. 28 October 2018.
  7. Web site: Geodorum terrestre. APNI. 28 October 2018.
  8. Garay . Leslie A. . De nominibus orchidacearum incunabulorum . Harvard Papers in Botany . 1997 . 2 . 1 . 47–54.
  9. Book: Brown. Roland Wilbur. The Composition of Scientific Words. 1956. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C.. 787.