Genoplesium despectans explained

Genoplesium despectans, commonly known as the sharp midge orchid and known as Corunastylis despectans in Australia, is a small terrestrial orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to forty five small, dark purple or green and purple flowers.

Description

Genoplesium despectans is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single thin leaf NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and fused to the flowering stem with the free part NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long. Up to forty five dark purple or green and purple flowers are crowded along a flowering stem NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 tall. The flowers lean downwards and are about 5.5sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The flowers are inverted so that the labellum is above the column rather than below it. The dorsal sepal is egg-shaped, about 3sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and about 2sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The lateral sepals are linear to lance-shaped, about 4sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, 1sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide and spread apart from each other. The petals are egg-shaped, about 2sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and 1sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide with a pointed tip. The labellum is lance-shaped, thick and fleshy, about 3sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, 1sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide and sharply pointed with fine teeth along its edges. There is a narrow lance-shaped callus in the centre of the labellum and extending almost to its tip. Flowering occurs between December and April.[1] [2] [3]

Taxonomy and naming

The sharp midge orchid was first formally described in 1858 by Joseph Dalton Hooker who gave it the name Prasophyllum despectans and published the description in Flora Antarctica.[4] [5] In 1989, David Jones and Mark Clements changed the name to Genoplesium despectans[6] and in 2002 changed the name again to Corunastylis despectans.[7] The specific epithet (despectans) is derived from a Latin word meaning "to look down upon".[8]

Distribution and habitat

Genoplesium despectans grows in heath and heathy forest south from Wollongong in New South Wales and is common and widespread in Victoria. It also found in the south-east of South Australia and in Tasmania.[9]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Jones. David L.. A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. 2006. New Holland. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.. 1877069124. 185.
  2. Web site: Jeanes. Jeff. Corunastylis despectans. Roya Botanic Gardens Victoria. 21 January 2018.
  3. Web site: Jones. David L.. Genoplesium despectans. Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. 21 January 2018.
  4. Web site: Prasophyllum despectans. APNI. 21 January 2018.
  5. Book: Hooker. Joseph Dalton. The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror. III. Flora Tasmaniae (Volume 2). 1858. 3 . Lovell, Reeve & Co.. London. 13–14. 21 January 2018.
  6. Web site: Genoplesium despectans. APNI. 21 January 2018.
  7. Web site: Corunastylis despectans. APNI. 21 January 2018.
  8. Book: Lewis. Charlton T.. Short. Charles. A Latin dictionary. 1879. Oxford University Press. 21 January 2018.
  9. Jones. David L.. A taxonomic revies of Genoplesium in Tasmania. Australian Orchid Research. 1998. 3. 5. 88.