Gastão Luís Henrique Robert d'Escragnolle, Baron d'Escragnolle (Rio de Janeiro, April 16, 1821 — Rio de Janeiro, June 16, 1886) was a Brazilian politician, military figure and nobleman. He was son of French noblemen Alexandre Louis Marie de Robert, count d'Escragnolle (1785 — 1828), and Adelaïde Françoise Madeleine de Beaurepaire-Rohan (1785 - 1840).
He was the aide-de-camp of Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, the Duke of Caxias. He later abandoned his career as a lieutenant colonel to dedicate himself to politics, in the area of public administration.
One of his sisters, Gabriela d'Escragnolle, married the painter Félix Taunay; one of their sons is the famous novelist and politician Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay, the Viscount of Taunay.