Gardiner's sign list explained

Gardiner's sign list is a list of common Egyptian hieroglyphs compiled by Sir Alan Gardiner. It is considered a standard reference in the study of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Gardiner lists only the common forms of Egyptian hieroglyphs, but he includes extensive subcategories, and also both vertical and horizontal forms for many hieroglyphs. He includes size-variation forms to aid with the reading of hieroglyphs in running blocks of text. In contrast, for example, the Budge Reference has about 1,000 hieroglyphs listed in 50 pages, but with no size variations.

Gardiner does not cross-index signs; once put on the list, other significant uses may be overlooked. One example of this is G16, nbtỉ, the ideogram for the Two Ladies, goddesses Wadjet as the cobra and Nekhbet as the white vulture. These are the protective and patron goddesses of the separate Egyptian kingdoms that joined into ancient Egypt, who were both then displayed on the uraeus of Wadjet when the unification occurred and afterward considered jointly to be the protectors of Egypt and the pharaohs. This ideogram is listed only in the bird list (G), and overlooked on the deity list (C) and the reptile list (I).

Other subcategories included by Gardiner are abbreviations and personalized forms, and also a complete subset, used on papyrus, specifically for the Book of the Dead.

Categories

A. Man and his occupations

56 signs in Gardiner (1957:242 - 247), with A59 "man threatening with stick" inserted after A25 "man striking with left hand hanging behind back", and two variants A14* "blood interpreted as ax" of A14 "man with blood streaming from his head"; and A17* "child sitting with arms hanging down" of A17 "child sitting with hand to mouth".

A1 A1	A2 A2	A3 A3	A4 A4	A5 A5	A6 A6	A7 A7	A8 A8	A9 A9	A10 A10
A11 A11	A12 A12	A13 A13	A14 A14	A15 A15	A16 A16	A17 A17	A18 A18	A19 A19	A20 A20
A21 A21	A22 A22	A23 A23	A24 A24	A25 A25	A26 A26	A27 A27	A28 A28	A29 A29	A30 A30
A31 A31	A32 A32	A33 A33	A34 A34	A35 A35	A36 A36	A37 A37	A38 A38	A39 A39	A40 A40
A41 A41	A42 A42	A43 A43	A44 A44	A45 A45	A46 A46	A47 A47	A48 A48	A49 A49	A50 A50
A51 A51	A52 A52	A53 A53	A54 A54	A55 A55	A56 A56	A57 A57	A58 A58	A59 A59	A60 A60

B. Woman and her occupations

7 signs in Gardiner (1957:448).

B1 B1	B2 B2	B3 B3	B4 B4	B5 B5	B6 B6	B7 B7	B8 B8	B9 B9	B10 B10
B11 B11	B12 B12

C. Anthropomorphic deities

11 signs in Gardiner (1957:448f.) with the addition of five 19th Dynasty signs, C12 Amun, C17 Mont, C18 Tjanen, C19 and C20 Ptah.

C1 C1	C2 C2	C3 C3	C4 C4	C5 C5	C6 C6	C7 C7	C8 C8	C9 C9	C10 C10
C11 C11	C12 C12					C17 C17	C18 C18	C19 C19	C20 C20

D. Parts of the human body

Expected quantity: 63

D1 D1	D2 D2	D3 D3	D4 D4	D5 D5	D6 D6	D7 D7	D8 D8	D9 D9	D10 D10
D11 D11	D12 D12	D13 D13	D14 D14	D15 D15	D16 D16	D17 D17	D18 D18	D19 D19	D20 D20
D21 D21	D22 D22	D23 D23	D24 D24	D25 D25	D26 D26	D27 D27	D28 D28	D29 D29	D30 D30
D31 D31	D32 D32	D33 D33	D34 D34	D35 D35	D36 D36	D37 D37	D38 D38	D39 D39	D40 D40
D41 D41	D42 D42	D43 D43	D44 D44	D45 D45	D46 D46	D47 D47	D48 D48	D49 D49	D50 D50
D51 D51	D52 D52	D53 D53	D54 D54	D55 D55	D56 D56	D57 D57	D58 D58	D59 D59	D60 D60
D61 D61	D62 D62	D63 D63	D64 D64	D65 D65	D66 D66	D67 D67	D68 D68	D69 D69	D70 D70

E. Mammals

Expected quantity: 34

E1 E1	E2 E2	E3 E3	E4 E4	E5 E5	E6 E6	E7 E7	E8 E8	E9 E9	E10 E10
E11 E11	E12 E12	E13 E13	E14 E14	E15 E15	E16 E16	E17 E17	E18 E18	E19 E19	E20 E20
E21 E21	E22 E22	E23 E23	E24 E24	E25 E25	E26 E26	E27 E27	E28 E28	E29 E29	E30 E30
E31 E31	E32 E32	E33 E33	E34 E34	E35 E35	E36 E36	E37 E37	E38 E38	E39 E39	E40 E40
E41 E41	E42 E42	E43 E43	E44 E44	E45 E45	E46 E46	E47 E47	E48 E48	E49 E49	E50 E50
E51 E51	E52 E52	E53 E53	E54 E54	E55 E55	E56 E56	E57 E57	E58 E58	E59 E59	E60 E60
E61 E61	E62 E62	E63 E63	E64 E64	E65 E65	E66 E66	E67 E67	E68 E68	E69 E69	E70 E70-->

F. Parts of mammals

Expected quantity: 52

F1 F1	F2 F2	F3 F3	F4 F4	F5 F5	F6 F6	F7 F7	F8 F8	F9 F9	F10 F10
F11 F11	F12 F12	F13 F13	F14 F14	F15 F15	F16 F16	F17 F17	F18 F18	F19 F19	F20 F20
F21 F21	F22 F22	F23 F23	F24 F24	F25 F25	F26 F26	F27 F27	F28 F28	F29 F29	F30 F30
F31 F31	F32 F32	F33 F33	F34 F34	F35 F35	F36 F36	F37 F37	F38 F38	F39 F39	F40 F40
F41 F41	F42 F42	F43 F43	F44 F44	F45 F45	F46 F46	F47 F47	F48 F48	F49 F49	F50 F50
F51 F51	F52 F52	F53 F53	F54 F54	F55 F55	F56 F56	F57 F57	F58 F58	F59 F59	F60 F60
F61 F61	F62 F62	F63 F63	F64 F64	F65 F65	F66 F66	F67 F67	F68 F68	F69 F69	F70 F70-->

G. Birds

Expected quantity: 54

G1 G1	G2 G2	G3 G3	G4 G4	G5 G5	G6 G6	G7 G7	G8 G8	G9 G9	G10 G10
G11 G11	G12 G12	G13 G13	G14 G14	G15 G15	G16 G16	G17 G17	G18 G18	G19 G19	G20 G20
G21 G21	G22 G22	G23 G23	G24 G24	G25 G25	G26 G26	G27 G27	G28 G28	G29 G29	G30 G30
G31 G31	G32 G32	G33 G33	G34 G34	G35 G35	G36 G36	G37 G37	G38 G38	G39 G39	G40 G40
G41 G41	G42 G42	G43 G43	G44 G44	G45 G45	G46 G46	G47 G47	G48 G48	G49 G49	G50 G50
G51 G51	G52 G52	G53 G53	G54 G54	G55 G55	G56 G56	G57 G57	G58 G58	G59 G59	G60 G60
G61 G61	G62 G62	G63 G63	G64 G64	G65 G65	G66 G66	G67 G67	G68 G68	G69 G69	G70 G70-->

H. Parts of birds

Expected quantity: 8

H1 H1	H2 H2	H3 H3	H4 H4	H5 H5	H6 H6	H7 H7	H8 H8	H9 H9	H10 H10
H11 H11	H12 H12	H13 H13	H14 H14	H15 H15	H16 H16	H17 H17	H18 H18	H19 H19	H20 H20
H21 H21	H22 H22	H23 H23	H24 H24	H25 H25	H26 H26	H27 H27	H28 H28	H29 H29	H30 H30
H31 H31	H32 H32	H33 H33	H34 H34	H35 H35	H36 H36	H37 H37	H38 H38	H39 H39	H40 H40
H41 H41	H42 H42	H43 H43	H44 H44	H45 H45	H46 H46	H47 H47	H48 H48	H49 H49	H50 H50
H51 H51	H52 H52	H53 H53	H54 H54	H55 H55	H56 H56	H57 H57	H58 H58	H59 H59	H60 H60
H61 H61	H62 H62	H63 H63	H64 H64	H65 H65	H66 H66	H67 H67	H68 H68	H69 H69	H70 H70-->

I. Amphibious animals, reptiles, etc.

15 signs in Gardiner (1957:475f).

No.	img.	Unicode	phon.	description	usage, notes
I1	I1	U+13188	ꜥšꜣ	lizard	"lizard"
I2	I2	U+13189		freshwater turtle	štjw "turtle"
I3	I3	U+1318A	ı͗t	crocodile	"crocodile" (ḫntj), "be greedy; lust after" (ḥnt), "voracious, angry", (ꜣd)
I4	I4	U+1318B		crocodile on a shrine	Sobek
I5	I5	U+1318C		crocodile with inward curved tail	"collect, gather" (sꜣq)
I6	I6	U+1318E	km	piece of crocodile-skin with spines	as phonogram in kmt "Egypt", skm "grey-haired"
I7	I7	U+1318F		frog	"frog" (qrr), Heqet, ideogram in wḥm-ꜥnḫ "repeating life"
I8	I8	U+13190	ḥfn	tadpole
I9	I9	U+13191	f	horned viper
I10	I10	U+13193	ḏ	cobra in repose
I11	I11	U+13195	ḏḏ	two cobras
I12	I12	U+13197		cobra erect	Uraeus (iꜥrt), Nesret
I13	I13	U+13198		I12 + V30	"goddess"
I14	I14	U+13199		snake	"snake" (ḏdft), "serpent" (ḥfꜣw)
I15	I15	U+1319A		variant of I14

K. Fish and parts of fish

Expected quantity: 7

K1 K1	K2 K2	K3 K3	K4 K4	K5 K5	K6 K6	K7 K7	K8 K8	K9 K9	K10 K10
K11 K11	K12 K12	K13 K13	K14 K14	K15 K15	K16 K16	K17 K17	K18 K18	K19 K19	K20 K20
K21 K21	K22 K22	K23 K23	K24 K24	K25 K25	K26 K26	K27 K27	K28 K28	K29 K29	K30 K30
K31 K31	K32 K32	K33 K33	K34 K34	K35 K35	K36 K36	K37 K37	K38 K38	K39 K39	K40 K40
K41 K41	K42 K42	K43 K43	K44 K44	K45 K45	K46 K46	K47 K47	K48 K48	K49 K49	K50 K50
K51 K51	K52 K52	K53 K53	K54 K54	K55 K55	K56 K56	K57 K57	K58 K58	K59 K59	K60 K60
K61 K61	K62 K62	K63 K63	K64 K64	K65 K65	K66 K66	K67 K67	K68 K68	K69 K69	K70 K70-->

L. Invertebrates and lesser animals

Expected quantity: 7

L1 L1	L2 L2	L3 L3	L4 L4	L5 L5	L6 L6	L7 L7	L8 L8	L9 L9	L10 L10
L11 L11	L12 L12	L13 L13	L14 L14	L15 L15	L16 L16	L17 L17	L18 L18	L19 L19	L20 L20
L21 L21	L22 L22	L23 L23	L24 L24	L25 L25	L26 L26	L27 L27	L28 L28	L29 L29	L30 L30
L31 L31	L32 L32	L33 L33	L34 L34	L35 L35	L36 L36	L37 L37	L38 L38	L39 L39	L40 L40
L41 L41	L42 L42	L43 L43	L44 L44	L45 L45	L46 L46	L47 L47	L48 L48	L49 L49	L50 L50
L51 L51	L52 L52	L53 L53	L54 L54	L55 L55	L56 L56	L57 L57	L58 L58	L59 L59	L60 L60
L61 L61	L62 L62	L63 L63	L64 L64	L65 L65	L66 L66	L67 L67	L68 L68	L69 L69	L70 L70-->

M. Trees and plants

44 signs in Gardiner (1957:478 - 484).

M1 M1	M2 M2	M3 M3	M4 M4	M5 M5	M6 M6	M7 M7	M8 M8	M9 M9	M10 M10
M11 M11	M12 M12	M13 M13	M14 M14	M15 M15	M16 M16	M17 M17	M18 M18	M19 M19	M20 M20
M21 M21	M22 M22	M23 M23	M24 M24	M25 M25	M26 M26	M27 M27	M28 M28	M29 M29	M30 M30
M31 M31	M32 M32	M33 M33	M34 M34	M35 M35	M36 M36	M37 M37	M38 M38	M39 M39	M40 M40
M41 M41	M42 M42	M43 M43	M44 M44

N. Sky, earth, water

42 signs in Gardiner (1957:485 - 492).N3 is an Old Kingdom variant of N2.N11 "moon" has vertical (increscent and decrescent) variants, N12 is a 19th-Dynasty variant of N11.

No.	img.	Unicode	phon.	description	usage, notes
N1	N1	U+131EF	pt
N2	N2	U+131F0	grḥ	sky with sceptre	det. for "darkness"
N3	N3	U+131F1	as N2	variant of N2	Old Kingdom variant of N2
N4	N4	U+131F2		moisture falling from the sky	"dew", "rain"
N5	N5	U+131F3	rꜥ	sun	See main article: Ra.
N6	N6	U+131F4	rꜥ	sun with uraeus	19th Dynasty
N7	N7	U+131F5		N5 + T28	ẖrt-hrw "day-time"
N8	N8	U+131F6	wbn	sunshine	Usually depicted with three rays, older variants may also have four rays.^[1] Determinative for e.g. pḥḏ "to shine, illumine" and wbn "rise"; from this latter case, it can also take the phonetic value of wbn when standing on its own, e.g. in wbn "wound". Alternatively, it is either a determiner or ideogram for ḥnmmt, the name of the "sun folk" of Heliopolis (Gardiner p. 486). A depiction with four rays is found on an ivory wand of c. 2100 BC: The "Sun with rays" hieroglyph is shown once, placed upon the head of a ram. It has a central dot, like the "Sun" hieroglyph (N5), with four elongated, undulating vertical rays.^[2] See also Aten.
N9	N9	U+131F7	psḏ	moon with its lower half obscured	18th Dynasty
N10	N10	U+131F8	as N9	variant of N9	18th Dynasty
N11	N11	U+131F9		crescent moon
N12	N12	U+131FA		variant of N11	18th Dynasty
N13	N13	U+131FB		half of N11 + N14	"half-month festival"
N14	N14	U+131FC		star
N15	N15	U+131FD		star in circle
N16	N16	U+131FE		N18 + 3 x N33	"earth, land" (flat alluvial land with grains of sand)
N17	N17	U+131FF		variant of N16	as N16
N18	N18	U+13200	ı͗	sandy tract	"island"
N19	N19	U+13203		2 x N18	in ḥr-ꜣḫty "Horus-of-the-Horizon"
N20	N20	U+13204		tongue of land	"sand bank, shore"
N21	N21	U+13205		tongue of land	"bank, region" (in "two banks" = "Egypt")
N22	N22	U+13206		tongue of land	Old Kingdom predecessor of both N20 and N21
N23	N23	U+13207		irrigation canal	differentiation of N36
N24	N24	U+13208			"district, nome"
N25	N25	U+13209		hills	"hill-country, foreign land"
N26	N26	U+1320B	ḏw	mountain
N27	N27	U+1320C		sun rising over mountain	"horizon"
N28	N28	U+1320D	ḫꜥ
N29	N29	U+1320E	q	sandy hill-slope
N30	N30	U+1320F		mound with shrubs	"mound"
N31	N31	U+13210		road bordered by shrubs	"road"
N32	N32	U+13211		lump of clay or dung	Old Kingdom
N33	N33	U+13212		grain of sand
N34	N34	U+13214		metal ingot
N35	N35	U+13216	n		variant "three ripples" U+13217
N36	N36	U+13218		water channel
N37	N37	U+13219		pool	"pool"
N38	N38	U+1321B		variant of N37	more detailed drawing of N37
N39	N39	U+1321C		garden pool full of water	variant of N37
N40	N40	U+1321D		N37 + D54	"go"
N41	N41	U+1321E	bı͗ꜣ	well full of water	"well"
N42	N42	U+1321F		variant of N41	as N41

O. Buildings, parts of buildings, etc.

51 signs (with variants, U+13250 - 1329A).

O1 O1	O2 O2	O3 O3	O4 O4	O5 O5	O6 O6	O7 O7	O8 O8	O9 O9	O10 O10
O11 O11	O12 O12	O13 O13	O14 O14	O15 O15	O16 O16	O17 O17	O18 O18	O19 O19	O20 O20
O21 O21	O22 O22	O23 O23	O24 O24	O25 O25	O26 O26	O27 O27	O28 O28	O29 O29	O30 O30
O31 O31	O32 O32	O33 O33	O34 O34	O35 O35	O36 O36	O37 O37	O38 O38	O39 O39	O40 O40
O41 O41	O42 O42	O43 O43	O44 O44	O45 O45	O46 O46	O47 O47	O48 O48	O49 O49	O50 O50
O51 O51

P. Ships and parts of ships

Expected quantity: 11

P1 P1	P2 P2	P3 P3	P4 P4	P5 P5	P6 P6	P7 P7	P8 P8	P9 P9	P10 P10
P11 P11	P12 P12	P13 P13	P14 P14	P15 P15	P16 P16	P17 P17	P18 P18	P19 P19	P20 P20
P21 P21	P22 P22	P23 P23	P24 P24	P25 P25	P26 P26	P27 P27	P28 P28	P29 P29	P30 P30
P31 P31	P32 P32	P33 P33	P34 P34	P35 P35	P36 P36	P37 P37	P38 P38	P39 P39	P40 P40
P41 P41	P42 P42	P43 P43	P44 P44	P45 P45	P46 P46	P47 P47	P48 P48	P49 P49	P50 P50
P51 P51	P52 P52	P53 P53	P54 P54	P55 P55	P56 P56	P57 P57	P58 P58	P59 P59	P60 P60
P61 P61	P62 P62	P63 P63	P64 P64	P65 P65	P66 P66	P67 P67	P68 P68	P69 P69	P70 P70-->

Q. Domestics and funerary furniture

Expected quantity: 7

Q1 Q1	Q2 Q2	Q3 Q3	Q4 Q4	Q5 Q5	Q6 Q6	Q7 Q7	Q8 Q8	Q9 Q9	Q10 Q10
Q11 Q11	Q12 Q12	Q13 Q13	Q14 Q14	Q15 Q15	Q16 Q16	Q17 Q17	Q18 Q18	Q19 Q19	Q20 Q20
Q21 Q21	Q22 Q22	Q23 Q23	Q24 Q24	Q25 Q25	Q26 Q26	Q27 Q27	Q28 Q28	Q29 Q29	Q30 Q30
Q31 Q31	Q32 Q32	Q33 Q33	Q34 Q34	Q35 Q35	Q36 Q36	Q37 Q37	Q38 Q38	Q39 Q39	Q40 Q40
Q41 Q41	Q42 Q42	Q43 Q43	Q44 Q44	Q45 Q45	Q46 Q46	Q47 Q47	Q48 Q48	Q49 Q49	Q50 Q50
Q51 Q51	Q52 Q52	Q53 Q53	Q54 Q54	Q55 Q55	Q56 Q56	Q57 Q57	Q58 Q58	Q59 Q59	Q60 Q60
Q61 Q61	Q62 Q62	Q63 Q63	Q64 Q64	Q65 Q65	Q66 Q66	Q67 Q67	Q68 Q68	Q69 Q69	Q70 Q70-->

R. Temple furniture and sacred emblems

Expected quantity: 25

R1 R1	R2 R2	R3 R3	R4 R4	R5 R5	R6 R6	R7 R7	R8 R8	R9 R9	R10 R10
R11 R11	R12 R12	R13 R13	R14 R14	R15 R15	R16 R16	R17 R17	R18 R18	R19 R19	R20 R20
R21 R21	R22 R22	R23 R23	R24 R24	R25 R25	R26 R26	R27 R27	R28 R28	R29 R29	R30 R30
R31 R31	R32 R32	R33 R33	R34 R34	R35 R35	R36 R36	R37 R37	R38 R38	R39 R39	R40 R40
R41 R41	R42 R42	R43 R43	R44 R44	R45 R45	R46 R46	R47 R47	R48 R48	R49 R49	R50 R50
R51 R51	R52 R52	R53 R53	R54 R54	R55 R55	R56 R56	R57 R57	R58 R58	R59 R59	R60 R60
R61 R61	R62 R62	R63 R63	R64 R64	R65 R65	R66 R66	R67 R67	R68 R68	R69 R69	R70 R70-->

S. Crowns, dress, staves, etc.

Expected quantity: 45

S1 S1	S2 S2	S3 S3	S4 S4	S5 S5	S6 S6	S7 S7	S8 S8	S9 S9	S10 S10
S11 S11	S12 S12	S13 S13	S14 S14	S15 S15	S16 S16	S17 S17	S18 S18	S19 S19	S20 S20
S21 S21	S22 S22	S23 S23	S24 S24	S25 S25	S26 S26	S27 S27	S28 S28	S29 S29	S30 S30
S31 S31	S32 S32	S33 S33	S34 S34	S35 S35	S36 S36	S37 S37	S38 S38	S39 S39	S40 S40
S41 S41	S42 S42	S43 S43	S44 S44	S45 S45	S46 S46	S47 S47	S48 S48	S49 S49	S50 S50
S51 S51	S52 S52	S53 S53	S54 S54	S55 S55	S56 S56	S57 S57	S58 S58	S59 S59	S60 S60
S61 S61	S62 S62	S63 S63	S64 S64	S65 S65	S66 S66	S67 S67	S68 S68	S69 S69	S70 S70-->

T. Warfare, hunting, and butchery

Expected quantity: 35

T1 T1	T2 T2	T3 T3	T4 T4	T5 T5	T6 T6	T7 T7	T8 T8	T9 T9	T10 T10
T11 T11	T12 T12	T13 T13	T14 T14	T15 T15	T16 T16	T17 T17	T18 T18	T19 T19	T20 T20
T21 T21	T22 T22	T23 T23	T24 T24	T25 T25	T26 T26	T27 T27	T28 T28	T29 T29	T30 T30
T31 T31	T32 T32	T33 T33	T34 T34	T35 T35	T36 T36	T37 T37	T38 T38	T39 T39	T40 T40
T41 T41	T42 T42	T43 T43	T44 T44	T45 T45	T46 T46	T47 T47	T48 T48	T49 T49	T50 T50
T51 T51	T52 T52	T53 T53	T54 T54	T55 T55	T56 T56	T57 T57	T58 T58	T59 T59	T60 T60
T61 T61	T62 T62	T63 T63	T64 T64	T65 T65	T66 T66	T67 T67	T68 T68	T69 T69	T70 T70-->

U. Agriculture, crafts, and professions

41 signs.

U1 U1	U2 U2	U3 U3	U4 U4	U5 U5	U6 U6	U7 U7	U8 U8	U9 U9	U10 U10
U11 U11	U12 U12	U13 U13	U14 U14	U15 U15	U16 U16	U17 U17	U18 U18	U19 U19	U20 U20 adze on block stp "cut", "choose" (stp-n-rꜣ "chosen of Ra")
U21 U21	U22 U22	U23 U23	U24 U24	U25 U25	U26 U26	U27 U27	U28 U28	U29 U29	U30 U30
U31 U31	U32 U32	U33 U33	U34 U34	U35 U35	U36 U36	U37 U37	U38 U38	U39 U39	U40 U40
U41 U41

V. Rope, fiber, baskets, bags, etc.

40 signs (38 in Gardiner 1957). V39 is the Tyet or "Knot of Isis".V40 is the numeral 10 in dates.

V1 V1	V2 V2	V3 V3	V4 V4	V5 V5	V6 V6	V7 V7	V8 V8	V9 V9	V10 V10
V11 V11	V12 V12	V13 V13	V14 V14	V15 V15	V16 V16	V17 V17	V18 V18	V19 V19	V20 V20
V21 V21	V22 V22	V23 V23	V24 V24	V25 V25	V26 V26	V27 V27	V28 V28	V29 V29	V30 V30
V31 V31	V32 V32	V33 V33	V34 V34	V35 V35	V36 V36	V37 V37	V38 V38	V39 V39	V40 V40

W. Vessels of stone and earthenware

25 signs.

W1 W1	W2 W2	W3 W3	W4 W4	W5 W5	W6 W6	W7 W7	W8 W8	W9 W9	W10 W10
W11 W11	W12 W12	W13 W13	W14 W14	W15 W15	W16 W16	W17 W17	W18 W18	W19 W19	W20 W20
W21 W21	W22 W22	W23 W23	W24 W24	W25 W25

X. Loaves and cakes

8 signs.

X1 X1 t feminine

X2 X2

X3 X3 bread

X4 X4

X5 X5 bread, food

X6 X6 loaf (pAt)

X7 X7 half-loaf (gSw)

X8 X8 conical loaf; "give" (di, imi)

Y. Writings, games, music

8 signs.

Y1 Y1 Papyrus roll-tied

Y2 Y2

Y3 Y3 Scribe equipment

Y4 Y4

Y5 Y5

Y6 Y6 board game piece

Y7 Y7

Y8 Y8 Sistrum

Z. Strokes, signs derived from Hieratic, geometrical figures

11 signs.

Z1 Z1	Z2 Z2	Z3 Z3	Z4 Z4	Z5 Z5	Z6 Z6	Z7 Z7	Z8 Z8	Z9 Z9	Z10 Z10
Z11 Z11

Aa. Unclassified

31 signs in Gardiner (1957).

Aa1 Aa1	Aa2 Aa2	Aa3 Aa3	Aa4 Aa4	Aa5 Aa5	Aa6 Aa6	Aa7 Aa7	Aa8 Aa8	Aa9 Aa9	Aa10 Aa10
Aa11 Aa11	Aa12 Aa12	Aa13 Aa13	Aa14 Aa14	Aa15 Aa15	Aa16 Aa16	Aa17 Aa17	Aa18 Aa18	Aa19 Aa19	Aa20 Aa20
Aa21 Aa21	Aa22 Aa22	Aa23 Aa23	Aa24 Aa24	Aa25 Aa25	Aa26 Aa26	Aa27 Aa27	Aa28 Aa28	Aa29 Aa29	Aa30 Aa30
Aa31 Aa31	Aa32 Aa32	Aa33 Aa33	Aa34 Aa34	Aa35 Aa35	Aa36 Aa36	Aa37 Aa37	Aa38 Aa38	Aa39 Aa39	Aa40 Aa40
Aa41 Aa41	Aa42 Aa42	Aa43 Aa43	Aa44 Aa44	Aa45 Aa45	Aa46 Aa46	Aa47 Aa47	Aa48 Aa48	Aa49 Aa49	Aa50 Aa50

Unicode

See main article: Egyptian Hieroglyphs (Unicode block).

These hieroglyphs have unicode code points and so, given a suitable font, can be displayed or printed. The block starts at U+013000 for A001.

See also

• Egyptian hieroglyphs
• List of Egyptian hieroglyphs
• Transliteration of Ancient Egyptian

Bibliography

• Budge, Sir E.A.Wallis, An Egyptian Hieroglyphic Dictionary, in Two Volumes, Sir E.A.Wallis Budge, (Dover Publications, Inc. New York), c 1920, Dover Edition, c 1978. (Large categorized listings of Hieroglyphs, Vol 1, pp. xcvii–cxlvii (97–147) (25 categories, 1000+ hieroglyphs), 50 pgs.)
• A.H. Gardiner, Catalogue of the Egyptian hieroglyphic printing type, from matrices owned and controlled by Dr. Alan (1928).
• A.H. Gardiner, "Additions to the new hieroglyphic fount (1928)", The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 15 (1929), p. 95.
• A.H. Gardiner, "Additions to the new hieroglyphic fount (1931)", The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 17 (1931), pp. 245–247.
• A.H. Gardiner, Supplement to the catalogue of the Egyptian hieroglyphic printing type, showing acquisitions to December 1953 (1953).
• A.H. Gardiner, . 3rd Ed., pub. Griffith Institute, Oxford, 1957 (1st edition 1927), pp. 438 - 548 (pdf).
• Wilkinson, Richard, Reading Egyptian Art, A Hieroglyphic Guide to Ancient Egyptian Painting and Sculpture, Richard H. Wilkinson, with 450 Illustrations, (Thames & Hudson Ltd, London), c 1992.

Further reading

• Book: Betrò . Maria Carmela . Hieroglyphics: The Writings of Ancient Egypt . 1996 . Abbeville Press Pub . 9780789202321 . 251 . 1st . registration .

A primer based on Gardiner's sign list, focussing on major signs in seven categories.

External links

• Hieroglyphic fonts
• Khemet.de on Gardiner

Notes and References

1. Betrò, 1995. Hieroglyphics: The Writings of Ancient Egypt, Sun with Rays, p. 152.
2. Fleming; Lothian; (and Fletcher), 1997. The Way to Eternity: Egyptian Myth, Fergus Fleming, Alan Lothian, and consultant Joann Fletcher. c 1997, Duncan Baird Publishers. (hardcover,), 124-126.