Gangyi Explained

Gangyi
Office:Grand Councillor
Term Start:1894
Term End:1900
Office2:Assistant Grand Secretary
Term Start2:1898
Term End2:1900
Office3:Minister of Personnel
Term Start3:17 April
Term End3:27 October 1900
Alongside3:Xu Fu
Predecessor3:Xijing
Successor3:Jingxin
Office4:Minister of War
Term Start4:10 June 1898
Term End4:17 April 1900
Alongside4:Xu Fu (until 1899), Xu Yongyi (since 1899)
Predecessor4:Ronglu
Successor4:Jingxin
Office5:Minister of Justice
Term Start5:4 August 1897
Term End5:10 June 1898
Alongside5:Liao Shouheng
Predecessor5:Songgui
Successor5:Chongli
Office6:Minister of Works
Term Start6:6 June 1896
Term End6:4 August 1897
Alongside6:Xu Yingkui
Predecessor6:Huaitabu
Successor6:Songgui
Office7:Governor of Guangdong
Term Start7:7 May 1892
Term End7:4 November 1894
Predecessor7:Liu Ruifen
Successor7:Ma Piyao
Office8:Governor of Jiangsu
Term Start8:20 November 1888
Term End8:7 May 1892
Predecessor8:Songjun
Successor8:Songjun
Office9:Governor of Shanxi
Term Start9:12 April 1885
Term End9:20 November 1888
Predecessor9:Kuibin
Successor9:Wei Rongguang
Occupation:politician
Birth Date:1834
Death Place:Houma, Shanxi
Blank1:Clan name
Data1:Tatara
Blank2:Courtesy name
Data2:Ziliang (子良)
Allegiance:Qing dynasty
Branch:Manchu Bordered Blue Banner
Battles:Boxer Rebellion

Gangyi (1834–1900[1]), from the Tatara clan with the courtesy name Ziliang (子良), was a Manchu politician of the late Qing dynasty. He was a member of the Manchu Bordered Blue Banner.[2] [3]

In 1894, Gangyi resolutely advocated war against Japan, which was appreciated by Empress Dowager Cixi. He opposed the Hundred Days' Reform movement initiated by the Guangxu Emperor and his allies. On 22 September 1898 Cixi launched a coup d'état and put Guangxu under house arrest in the Summer Palace. Gangyi sided with Cixi, he advocated to depose the emperor.

Gangyi was one of the main supporters of the Boxers. After the Boxer Rebellion of broke out, he placed in command of Boxer groups to fight against the Eight-Nation Alliance together with Zaixun, Prince Zhuang.

When Beijing fell to the Eight-Nation Alliance in 1900, he fled from Beijing and later died at Houma, Shanxi. The victorious Eight-Nation Alliance named Gangyi as one of the masterminds behind the rebellion. Gangyi was dismissed from all official positions by Qing court posthumously.[4]

Publications

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 剛毅/Gangyi . China Biographical Database Project (CBDB) .
  2. Web site: Jinzheng jiyao 晉政輯要 . chinaknowledge.de .
  3. Web site: 剛毅 .
  4. (Draft History of Qing Volume 465)