Γ-Glutamylmethylamide Explained
γ-Glutamylmethylamide (gamma-glutamylmethylamide, abbrev. GMA, synonyms N-methyl-L-glutamine, metheanine) is an amino acid analog of the proteinogenic amino acids L-glutamic acid and L-glutamine, found primarily in plant and fungal species; simply speaking, it is L-glutamine methylated on the amide nitrogen. It is an identified important biosynthetic intermediate allowing bacteria (e.g., methanotrophs) use of methylated amines as carbon and nitrogen source for growth (and so of significant biotechnological interest).[1] [2] [3] Like its close relative theanine, it is a pharmacologically active constituent of green tea, with preliminary evidence for at least comparable activity to theanine as a hypotensive.[4]
See also
Notes and References
- Chen . Y . Scanlan . J . Song . L . Crombie . A . Rahman . MT . Schäfer . H . Murrell . JC . 2010 . γ-Glutamylmethylamide is an essential intermediate in the metabolism of methylamine by Methylocella silvestris . Appl Environ Microbiol . 76 . 13. 4530–4537 . 10.1128/AEM.00739-10. 20472738 . 2897447. 2010ApEnM..76.4530C .
- Wischer . D . Kumaresan . D . Johnston . A . El Khawand . M . Stephenson . J . Hillebrand-Voiculescu . AM . Chen . Y . Colin Murrell . J . 2014 . Bacterial metabolism of methylated amines and identification of novel methylotrophs in Movile Cave . ISME J . 9. 1. 195–206. 10.1038/ismej.2014.102 . 25050523 . 4274414.
- Xu . L . Gao . G . Wengen . C . Xu . J . Zhao . L . Shi . H . Zhang . X . 2014 . Enzymatic synthesis of γ-glutamylmethylamide from glutamic acid γ-methyl ester and methylamine catalyzed by Escherichia coli having γ-glutamyltranspeptidase activity . Appl Biochem Biotechnol . 173 . 4. 851–6 . 10.1007/s12010-014-0877-3 . 24733529 . 19699395 .
- Yokogoshi H, Kobayashi M. . Hypotensive effect of gamma-glutamylmethylamide in spontaneously hypertensive rats. . Life Sci. . 1998 . 1065–8 . 62 . 12 . 9519808 . 10.1016/S0024-3205(98)00029-0.