Galium spurium explained
Galium spurium, the stickwilly[1] or false cleavers, is a plant species of the Rubiaceae. It is widespread across Europe, Asia, Africa and Canada, and is naturalized in Australia.[2] [3] [4] It is considered a noxious weed in many places.[5]
Galium spurium is an erect or reclining herb up to 50 cm tall. Stems are square in cross-section. Leaves are in whorls of 6–8, narrowly lanceolate. Flowers are in multi-flowered cymes or panicles, white or yellow-green.[6]
Subspecies
Many varietal and subspecific names have been proposed, but at present (May 2014) only 3 are recognized:[2]
- Galium spurium subsp. africanum Verdc. - mountains of tropical and southern Africa; also Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Socotra
- Galium spurium subsp. ibicinum (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Ehrend. - Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan
- Galium spurium subsp. spurium - widespread
External links
Notes and References
- Book: Lee . Sangtae . Chang . Kae Sun . English Names for Korean Native Plants . 2015 . . Pocheon . 978-89-97450-98-5 . 475 . 12 March 2019 . Korea Forest Service.
- http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=87547 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- Web site: Galium spurium [Caglio spurio] - Flora Italiana ]. 2023-12-21 . luirig.altervista.org.
- Moss, E. H. 1983. Flora of Alberta (ed. 2) i–xii, 1–687. University of Toronto Press, Toronto.
- http://www.invasive.org/publications/xsymposium/proceed/01pg117.pdf Wenming Zhang & K. L. Bailey. 2000. Biological Control of Cleavers (Galium spurium and G. aparine) with Pathogenic Fungi - Exploration and Discovery. Proceedings of the X International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds 4-14 July 1999, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana USA Neal R. Spencer (ed.). pp. 117-123
- Web site: Galium spurium in Flora of China @ efloras.org . 2023-12-21 . www.efloras.org . 136.
