Galena, Kansas Explained

Galena, Kansas
Settlement Type:City
Image Map1:Map of Cherokee Co, Ks, USA.png
Map Caption1:KDOT map of Cherokee County (legend)
Coordinates:37.075°N -94.6353°W
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name:United States
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1:Kansas
Subdivision Type2:County
Subdivision Name2:Cherokee
Subdivision Type3:Township
Established Title:Founded
Established Date:1877
Established Title1:Platted
Established Title2:Incorporated
Established Date2:1877
Named For:Galena
Leader Title:Mayor
Area Footnotes:[1]
Area Total Sq Mi:4.66
Area Land Sq Mi:4.60
Area Water Sq Mi:0.05
Area Total Km2:12.06
Area Land Km2:11.92
Area Water Km2:0.14
Unit Pref:Imperial
Elevation Ft:925
Population As Of:2020
Population Total:2761
Population Density Sq Mi:auto
Population Density Km2:auto
Timezone:CST
Utc Offset:-6
Timezone Dst:CDT
Utc Offset Dst:-5
Postal Code Type:ZIP code
Postal Code:66739
Area Code Type:Area code
Area Code:620
Blank Name:FIPS code
Blank Info:20-25100
Blank1 Name:GNIS ID
Blank1 Info:485578

Galena is a city in Cherokee County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 2,761.[2]

History

Although the railroad was built through the territory of Galena in 1871, the community did not start until the discovery of lead there in the spring of 1877.[3] The first post office was established in 1877.[4]

The city was originally platted by the Galena Mining and Smelting Company and was to be known as Cornwall. The city was actually known as Short Creek when first established because of a nearby creek and was known as Bonanza briefly before taking the present name of Galena in 1877, which is named after the lead ore galena found in the area.[5] [6] The city was part of the tri state mining area and had over 30,000 inhabitants. After the mines closed in the 1970s, population decreased.

The Jayhawk Ordnance Works northwest of Galena, built during World War II, was a large ordnance plant producing ammonium nitrate. After the war it was privatized by its operator Kenneth Aldred Spencer and at one point was the world's largest producer of ammonium nitrate fertilizer in the world. It would form the basis for the Spencer Chemical Company's fortune which would eventually be funneled into numerous philanthropies throughout Missouri and Kansas. The Spencer family had been in the area because of their ownership of the Pittsburg & Midway Coal Company mining operation.[7] The plant is still in operation as the Jayhawk Fine Chemicals Corporation now owned by CABB.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.62sqmi, of which, 4.57sqmi is land and 0.05sqmi is water.[8] Galena is the eastern end of the segment of U.S. Route 66 that passes through Kansas.

Superfund site

In 1983 as a result of historic practices involved in the mining and smelting of toxic metals, including the deposition of lead, zinc, antimony and cadmium, the Cherokee County Superfund site was listed on the EPA's National Priorities List (NPL). These sites include the most serious abandoned hazardous waste sites in the United States and represent the priority list for remedial action under the Superfund program. The site consists of approximately 115 square miles, divided into seven subsites including Galena. The Cherokee County site encompasses the Kansas portion of the Tri-State district, the latter including Northeastern Oklahoma and Southwestern Missouri. Acidic waters in mine shafts throughout the site, chat piles, tailings impoundments, and surface waters both in mine pits and streams draining the site contain substantial concentrations of these toxic wastes.[9]

Demographics

The population of Galena has dropped by 73% since 1900.

2020 census

The 2020 United States census counted 2,761 people, 1,096 households, and 699 families in Galena.[10] The population density was 599.8 per square mile (231.6/km). There were 1,315 housing units at an average density of 285.7 per square mile (110.3/km).[11] [12] The racial makeup was 85.11% (2,350) white or European American (83.56% non-Hispanic white), 0.76% (21) black or African-American, 3.37% (93) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.29% (8) Asian, 0.18% (5) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.94% (26) from other races, and 9.34% (258) from two or more races.[13] Hispanic or Latino of any race was 3.26% (90) of the population.[14]

Of the 1,096 households, 29.2% had children under the age of 18; 41.0% were married couples living together; 31.1% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 30.5% of households consisted of individuals and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.3 and the average family size was 3.3.[15] The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 11.4% of the population.[16]

24.6% of the population was under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.6 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 110.6 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $30,649 (with a margin of error of +/- $4,806) and the median family income was $50,462 (+/- $10,225).[17] Males had a median income of $30,745 (+/- $11,631) versus $25,025 (+/- $2,900) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $26,133 (+/- $4,284).[18] Approximately, 21.4% of families and 21.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.3% of those under the age of 18 and 15.8% of those ages 65 or over.[19] [20]

2010 census

As of the census[21] of 2010, there were 3,085 people, 1,198 households, and 792 families living in the city. The population density was 675.1PD/sqmi. There were 1,429 housing units at an average density of 312.7/sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 91.0% White, 0.4% African American, 3.0% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 1.3% from other races, and 4.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.6% of the population.

There were 1,198 households, of which 34.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.2% were married couples living together, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 29.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the city was 39.1 years. 25.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 27.2% were from 45 to 64; and 15.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.

Education

The community is served by Galena USD 499 public school district. Galena is home to Galena High School. In 1916 the Kansas Supreme Court heard a case where the school superintendent separated the African American ("colored") children and had them taught together from various grades by an African American teacher. The court rejected the district's decision making and requires students of different backgrounds be taught together.[22]

In the media

Notable people

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files. United States Census Bureau. July 24, 2020.
  2. Web site: Profile of Galena, Kansas in 2020 . United States Census Bureau . November 9, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221109070151/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile/Galena_city,_Kansas?g=1600000US2025100 . November 9, 2022 . live.
  3. Book: Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. . Standard Publishing Company . Blackmar, Frank Wilson . 1912 . 705. 9780722249055 .
  4. Web site: Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961, page 2 . Kansas Historical Society . June 6, 2014.
  5. Kansas Place-Names, John Rydjord, University of Oklahoma Press, 1972, p. 77
  6. Book: The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States . Govt. Print. Off. . Gannett, Henry . 1905 . 133.
  7. https://web.archive.org/web/20110219194704/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,793111,00.html "Surplus Property: Jayhawk Goes Civilian"
  8. Web site: US Gazetteer files 2010 . . July 6, 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt . July 2, 2012 .
  9. http://kensas.kdhe.state.ks.us:1776/berisl/getDocument.kdhe_ber;jsessionid=A2294353AECBF1582823D3555AAE0E83?documentId=2000000BVN_0VQK4DB8YRWE Environmental Use Control Work Plan June 1, 2009 to June 1, 2014
  10. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  11. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  12. Web site: Bureau . US Census . Gazetteer Files . 2023-12-30 . Census.gov.
  13. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  14. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  15. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  16. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  17. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  18. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  19. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  20. Web site: US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES . 2024-01-03 . data.census.gov.
  21. Web site: U.S. Census website. United States Census Bureau. July 6, 2012.
  22. Web site: Kansas Reports. Supreme Court. Kansas. Banks. Elliot V.. Webb. William Craw. Randolph. Asa Maxson Fitz. Clemens. Gaspar Christopher. Dewey. Thomas Emmet. Graham. Llewellyn James. Moore. Oscar Leopold. Hatcher. Earl Hilton. McCue. Howard Franklin. 1916.
  23. News: Michael . Wallis . Suzanne Fitzgerald Wallis . The Art of Cars . Chronicle Books . 4 .
  24. News: 'Cars' Fans Get Their Rusty Kicks On Route 66 . . Missy . Shelton . June 25, 2011 . May 5, 2012.