| Gaganyaan-1 | |
| Names List: | G1 |
| Mission Type: | Indian Human Spaceflight Programme technology demonstration |
| Operator: | ISRO |
| Spacecraft: | Gaganyaan |
| Manufacturer: | Hindustan Aeronautics Limited |
| Launch Date: | December 2024 (planned) |
| Launch Rocket: | HLVM3 |
| Launch Site: | Satish Dhawan Space Centre |
| Launch Contractor: | ISRO |
| Orbit Reference: | Geocentric orbit |
| Orbit Regime: | Low Earth orbit |
| Programme: | IHSP |
| Next Mission: | Gaganyaan-2 |
Gaganyaan-1 (from Sanskrit: Sanskrit: gagana, "celestial" and Sanskrit: yāna, "craft, vehicle") will be the first uncrewed test flight of the Gaganyaan programme, with launch planned for December 2024.
The launch was originally scheduled for December 2020,[1] then in December 2021,[2] but it was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The flight plan was finally ready by April 2022[3] and the launch is expected to take place in 2024, after the TV-D1, TV-D2, TV-D3 and TV-D4.[4] It was proposed in April 2022 that the crew module should be depressurized,[5] something kept in the final planning.[6]
The first orbiter module adaptor assembly (OMA) was supplied by Kineco Kaman Composites on 23 December 2023. The OMA is a conical structure with a diameter of 4 meters, composed of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers. It is combined with the equipment bay shroud and crew escape module.[7] With the successful qualification of the rocket's engines in February 2024,[8] the mission was scheduled for December 2024.[9] [10]
The Gaganyaan spacecraft will be launched by a Human-rated LVM 3 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre and inserted into a 170 x 408 km orbit.[11] The circularisation maneuver will be performed at the third orbit. The landing should follow the same pattern as the TV-D1.[12]
After this mission, ISRO will perform four more abort tests before launching Gaganyaan 2, carrying the humanoid robot Vyommitra,[13] which was later decided that it will also fly on G-1.[14]