| Group: | Gabra |
| Population: | 700,000 |
| Region2: |  Kenya |
| Pop2: | 141,200 (2019)[1] |
| Region1: |  Ethiopia |
| Pop1: | 520,010 (2007)[2] |
| Rels: | Islam |
| Langs: | Oromo |
| Related: | Oromo • Rendille • Iraqw other Cushitic peoples |
| Native Name: | Gabra |
The Gabra (Oromo: Gabraa) are a Cushitic ethnic group who mainly inhabit the Moyale and Marsabit regions of northern Kenya and the highlands of southern Ethiopia. They are closely related to the wider Oromo people and practice Islam and Christianity as their religion.[3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]
According to Y-DNA analysis by Hirbo (2011), around 82.6% of Gabra in Kenya carry the paternal E1b1b haplogroup, with most belonging to the V12 or E3b1a subclade (58.6%). This lineage is most common among local Afroasiatic-speaking populations. The remaining Gabra individuals bear the T/K2 (3.4%) and J haplogroups (3.4%), which are both also associated with Afroasiatic speakers, as well as the E3*/E-P2 clade (3.4%) and E2a lineage (3.4%).[9]
Maternally, Hirbo (2011) observed that approximately 58% of the Gabra samples carried derivatives of the Eurasian macrohaplogroups M and N. Of these mtDNA lineages, the M1 subclade was most common, with around 22.58% of the Gabra individuals belonging to it. The remaining ~42% of the analysed Gabra bore various subclades of the Africa-centered macrohaplogroup L. Of these mtDNA lineages, the most frequently borne clade was L3 (19.36%), followed by the L0a (9.68%), L4 (9.68%), and L2 (6.45%) haplogroups.[9]
The Gabra's autosomal DNA has been examined in a comprehensive study by Tishkoff et al. (2009) on the genetic affiliations of various populations in Africa. According to Bayesian clustering analysis, the Gabra generally grouped with other Afroasiatic-speaking populations inhabiting Northern Kenya.[10]