GTF3A explained

Transcription factor IIIA is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF3A gene.^{[1] [2]}

It was first purified and identified as the first mammalian gene-specific activator by Roeder in 1980,^[3] and later characterized by Wolffe and Brown in 1988.

The TFIIIA in Xenopus was the first zinc finger protein discovered.^[4]

Further reading

• Engelke DR, Ng SY, Shastry BS, Roeder RG . Specific interaction of a purified transcription factor with an internal control region of 5S RNA genes . Cell . 19 . 3 . 717–28 . Mar 1980 . 6153931 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(80)80048-1 . 23955175 .
• Murphy JE, Keen JH . Recognition sites for clathrin-associated proteins AP-2 and AP-3 on clathrin triskelia . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 267 . 15 . 10850–5 . May 1992 . 1587861 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50096-5 . free .
• Seifart KH, Wang L, Waldschmidt R, Jahn D, Wingender E . Purification of human transcription factor IIIA and its interaction with a chemically synthesized gene encoding human 5 S rRNA . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 264 . 3 . 1702–9 . January 1989 . 2912980 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)94243-2 . free .
• Drew PD, Nagle JW, Canning RD, Ozato K, Biddison WE, Becker KG . Cloning and expression analysis of a human cDNA homologous to Xenopus TFIIIA . Gene . 159 . 2 . 215–8 . July 1995 . 7622052 . 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00145-V .
• Moorefield B, Roeder RG . Purification and characterization of human transcription factor IIIA . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 269 . 33 . 20857–65 . August 1994 . 8063702 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31901-4 . free .
• Fridell RA, Fischer U, Lührmann R, Meyer BE, Meinkoth JL, Malim MH, Cullen BR . Amphibian transcription factor IIIA proteins contain a sequence element functionally equivalent to the nuclear export signal of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 93 . 7 . 2936–40 . April 1996 . 8610146 . 39738 . 10.1073/pnas.93.7.2936 . 1996PNAS...93.2936F . free .
• Oettel S, Härtel F, Kober I, Iben S, Seifart KH . Human transcription factors IIIC2, IIIC1 and a novel component IIIC0 fulfil different aspects of DNA binding to various pol III genes . Nucleic Acids Research . 25 . 12 . 2440–7 . June 1997 . 9171097 . 146769 . 10.1093/nar/25.12.2440 .
• Moreland RJ, Dresser ME, Rodgers JS, Roe BA, Conaway JW, Conaway RC, Hanas JS . Identification of a transcription factor IIIA-interacting protein . Nucleic Acids Research . 28 . 9 . 1986–93 . May 2000 . 10756201 . 103300 . 10.1093/nar/28.9.1986 .
• Rao DS, Chang JC, Kumar PD, Mizukami I, Smithson GM, Bradley SV, Parlow AF, Ross TS . 6 . Huntingtin interacting protein 1 Is a clathrin coat binding protein required for differentiation of late spermatogenic progenitors . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 21 . 22 . 7796–806 . November 2001 . 11604514 . 99949 . 10.1128/MCB.21.22.7796-7806.2001 .
• Hanas JS, Hocker JR, Cheng YG, Lerner MR, Brackett DJ, Lightfoot SA, Hanas RJ, Madhusudhan KT, Moreland RJ . 6 . cDNA cloning, DNA binding, and evolution of mammalian transcription factor IIIA . Gene . 282 . 1–2 . 43–52 . January 2002 . 11814676 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00796-X .
• Weser S, Riemann J, Seifart KH, Meissner W . Assembly and isolation of intermediate steps of transcription complexes formed on the human 5S rRNA gene . Nucleic Acids Research . 31 . 9 . 2408–16 . May 2003 . 12711686 . 154231 . 10.1093/nar/gkg345 .
• Pellikainen JM, Ropponen KM, Kataja VV, Kellokoski JK, Eskelinen MJ, Kosma VM . Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in breast cancer with a special reference to activator protein-2, HER2, and prognosis . Clinical Cancer Research . 10 . 22 . 7621–8 . November 2004 . 15569994 . 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-1061 . free .
• Paing MM, Johnston CA, Siderovski DP, Trejo J . Clathrin adaptor AP2 regulates thrombin receptor constitutive internalization and endothelial cell resensitization . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 26 . 8 . 3231–42 . April 2006 . 16581796 . 1446942 . 10.1128/MCB.26.8.3231-3242.2006 .
• Yamashita A, Takada T, Nemoto K, Yamamoto G, Torii R . Transient suppression of PPARgamma directed ES cells into an osteoblastic lineage . FEBS Letters . 580 . 17 . 4121–5 . July 2006 . 16828750 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.06.057 . 2006FEBSL.580.4121Y . 84554520 .
• Schwartz B, Melnikova VO, Tellez C, Mourad-Zeidan A, Blehm K, Zhao YJ, McCarty M, Adam L, Bar-Eli M . 6 . Loss of AP-2alpha results in deregulation of E-cadherin and MMP-9 and an increase in tumorigenicity of colon cancer cells in vivo . Oncogene . 26 . 28 . 4049–58 . June 2007 . 17224907 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1210193 . free .

Notes and References

1. Arakawa H, Nagase H, Hayashi N, Ogawa M, Nagata M, Fujiwara T, Takahashi E, Shin S, Nakamura Y . 6 . Molecular cloning, characterization, and chromosomal mapping of a novel human gene (GTF3A) that is highly homologous to Xenopus transcription factor IIIA . Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics . 70 . 3–4 . 235–8 . Jul 1995 . 7789179 . 10.1159/000134041 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: GTF3A general transcription factor IIIA.
3. Engelke DR, Ng SY, Shastry BS, Roeder RG . Specific interaction of a purified transcription factor with an internal control region of 5S RNA genes . Cell . 19 . 3 . 717–28 . Mar 1980 . 6153931 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(80)80048-1 . 23955175 .
4. Bruno M, Mahgoub M, Macfarlan TS . The Arms Race Between KRAB-Zinc Finger Proteins and Endogenous Retroelements and Its Impact on Mammals . Annual Review of Genetics . 53 . 1 . 393–416 . December 2019 . 31518518 . 10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043717 . . 202572327 .