GSTT2 explained

Glutathione S-transferase theta-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GSTT2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) theta 2 (GSTT2) is a member of a superfamily of proteins that catalyze the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a variety of electrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. Human GSTs can be divided into five main classes: Alpha, Mu, Pi, Theta, and Zeta. The theta class members GSTT1 and GSTT2 share 55% amino acid sequence identity and both are thought to have an important role in human carcinogenesis. The theta genes have a similar structure, being composed of five exons with identical exon/intron boundaries.^[4]

Further reading

• Hussey AJ, Hayes JD . Characterization of a human class-Theta glutathione S-transferase with activity towards 1-menaphthyl sulphate. . Biochem. J. . 286 . 3. 929–35 . 1992 . 1417752 . 10.1042/bj2860929. 1132992 .
• Whittington AT, Webb GC, Baker RT, Board PG . Characterization of a cDNA and gene encoding the mouse theta class glutathione transferase mGSTT2 and its localization to chromosome 10B5-C1. . Genomics . 33 . 1 . 105–11 . 1996 . 8617493 . 10.1006/geno.1996.0165 .
• Webb G, Vaska V, Coggan M, Board P . Chromosomal localization of the gene for the human theta class glutathione transferase (GSTT1). . Genomics . 33 . 1 . 121–3 . 1996 . 8617495 . 10.1006/geno.1996.0167 .
• Mainwaring GW, Williams SM, Foster JR, etal . The distribution of theta-class glutathione S-transferases in the liver and lung of mouse, rat and human. . Biochem. J. . 318 . 1. 297–303 . 1996 . 8761485 . 10.1042/bj3180297. 1217621 .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1997 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Chelvanayagam G, Wilce MC, Parker MW, etal . Homology model for the human GSTT2 Theta class glutathione transferase. . Proteins . 27 . 1 . 118–30 . 1997 . 9037717 . 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(199701)27:1<118::AID-PROT12>3.0.CO;2-Q . 35684018 .
• Rossjohn J, McKinstry WJ, Oakley AJ, etal . Human theta class glutathione transferase: the crystal structure reveals a sulfate-binding pocket within a buried active site. . Structure . 6 . 3 . 309–22 . 1998 . 9551553 . 10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00034-3 . free .
• de Bruin WC, Wagenmans MJ, Board PG, Peters WH . Expression of glutathione S-transferase theta class isoenzymes in human colorectal and gastric cancers. . Carcinogenesis . 20 . 8 . 1453–7 . 1999 . 10426791 . 10.1093/carcin/20.8.1453 .
• Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, etal . The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. . Nature . 402 . 6761 . 489–95 . 1999 . 10591208 . 10.1038/990031 . 1999Natur.402..489D . free .
• de Bruin WC, Wagenmans MJ, Peters WH . Expression of glutathione S-transferase alpha, P1-1 and T1-1 in the human gastrointestinal tract. . Jpn. J. Cancer Res. . 91 . 3 . 310–6 . 2000 . 10760690 . 5926361 . 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2000.tb00946.x.
• Sprenger R, Schlagenhaufer R, Kerb R, etal . Characterization of the glutathione S-transferase GSTT1 deletion: discrimination of all genotypes by polymerase chain reaction indicates a trimodular genotype-phenotype correlation. . Pharmacogenetics . 10 . 6 . 557–65 . 2001 . 10975610 . 10.1097/00008571-200008000-00009 .
• Venter JC, Adams MD, Myers EW, etal . The sequence of the human genome. . Science . 291 . 5507 . 1304–51 . 2001 . 11181995 . 10.1126/science.1058040 . 2001Sci...291.1304V .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• De Maria F, Pedersen JZ, Caccuri AM, etal . The specific interaction of dinitrosyl-diglutathionyl-iron complex, a natural NO carrier, with the glutathione transferase superfamily: suggestion for an evolutionary pressure in the direction of the storage of nitric oxide. . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 43 . 42283–93 . 2004 . 12871945 . 10.1074/jbc.M305568200 . free .
• Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, etal . A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. . Genome Biol. . 5 . 10 . R84 . 2005 . 15461802 . 10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84 . 545604 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Jang SG, Kim IJ, Kang HC, etal . GSTT2 promoter polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk. . BMC Cancer . 7. 16 . 2007 . 17250773 . 10.1186/1471-2407-7-16 . 1793996 . free .

Notes and References

1. Tan KL, Webb GC, Baker RT, Board PG . Molecular cloning of a cDNA and chromosomal localization of a human theta-class glutathione S-transferase gene (GSTT2) to chromosome 22 . Genomics . 25 . 2 . 381–7 . Jul 1995 . 7789971 . 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80037-M .
2. Coggan M, Whitbread L, Whittington A, Board P . Structure and organization of the human theta-class glutathione S-transferase and D-dopachrome tautomerase gene complex . Biochem J . 334 . 3. 617–23 . Nov 1998 . 9729470 . 1219731 . 10.1042/bj3340617.
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: GSTT2 glutathione S-transferase theta 2.
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: GSTT2 glutathione S-transferase theta 2.