GRID1 explained

Glutamate receptor delta-1 subunit also known as GluD1 or GluRδ1 is a transmembrane protein^{[1] [2]} (1009 aa) encoded by the GRID1 gene.^{[3] [4]} A C-terminal GluD1 splicing isoform (896 aa) has been described based on mRNA analysis.^[5]

Function

This gene encodes a subunit of glutamate receptor ligand-gated ion channel. Most of these channels mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. GluD1 is expressed in the central nervous system^[6] and is important in synaptic plasticity.^{[3] [7]}

Clinical significance

Several genetic epidemiology studies have shown a strong association between several variants of the GRID1 gene and increased risk of developing schizophrenia.^{[8] [9]}

See also

• GRID2

Further reading

• Fallin MD, Lasseter VK, Avramopoulos D, Nicodemus KK, Wolyniec PS, McGrath JA, Steel G, Nestadt G, Liang KY, Huganir RL, Valle D, Pulver AE . 6 . Bipolar I disorder and schizophrenia: a 440-single-nucleotide polymorphism screen of 64 candidate genes among Ashkenazi Jewish case-parent trios . American Journal of Human Genetics . 77 . 6 . 918–36 . December 2005 . 16380905 . 1285177 . 10.1086/497703 . vanc .
• Yue Z, Horton A, Bravin M, DeJager PL, Selimi F, Heintz N . A novel protein complex linking the delta 2 glutamate receptor and autophagy: implications for neurodegeneration in lurcher mice . Neuron . 35 . 5 . 921–33 . August 2002 . 12372286 . 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00861-9 . vanc . 10534933 . free .
• Ly CD, Roche KW, Lee HK, Wenthold RJ . Identification of rat EMAP, a delta-glutamate receptor binding protein . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 291 . 1 . 85–90 . February 2002 . 11829466 . 10.1006/bbrc.2002.6413 .
• Roche KW, Ly CD, Petralia RS, Wang YX, McGee AW, Bredt DS, Wenthold RJ . Postsynaptic density-93 interacts with the delta2 glutamate receptor subunit at parallel fiber synapses . The Journal of Neuroscience . 19 . 10 . 3926–34 . May 1999 . 10234023 . 6782719 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-10-03926.1999 . vanc . free .

Notes and References

1. Yamazaki M, Araki K, Shibata A, Mishina M . Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding a novel member of the mouse glutamate receptor channel family . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 183 . 2 . 886–92 . March 1992 . 1372507 . 10.1016/0006-291X(92)90566-4 .
2. Treadaway J, Zuo J . Mapping of the mouse glutamate receptor delta1 subunit (Grid1) to chromosome 14 . Genomics . 54 . 2 . 359–60 . December 1998 . 9828146 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5599 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: GRID1 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, delta 1.
4. Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Kikuno R, Hirosawa M, Nomura N, Ohara O . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro . DNA Research . 6 . 5 . 337–45 . October 1999 . 10574462 . 10.1093/dnares/6.5.337 . free .
5. Herbrechter R, Hube N, Buchholz R, Reiner A . Splicing and editing of ionotropic glutamate receptors: a comprehensive analysis based on human RNA-Seq data . Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences . June 2021 . 78 . 14 . 5605–5630 . 34100982 . 10.1007/s00018-021-03865-z . 8257547 . free .
6. Nakamoto C, Konno K, Miyazaki T, Nakatsukasa E, Natsume R, Abe M, Kawamura M, Fukazawa Y, Shigemoto R, Yamasaki M, Sakimura K, Watanabe M . 6 . Expression mapping, quantification, and complex formation of GluD1 and GluD2 glutamate receptors in adult mouse brain . The Journal of Comparative Neurology . 528 . 6 . 1003–1027 . April 2020 . 31625608 . 10.1002/cne.24792 . 203937925 . free .
7. Yuzaki M, Aricescu AR . A GluD Coming-Of-Age Story . Trends in Neurosciences . 40 . 3 . 138–150 . March 2017 . 28110935 . 5553105 . 10.1016/j.tins.2016.12.004 .
8. Guo SZ, Huang K, Shi YY, Tang W, Zhou J, Feng GY, Zhu SM, Liu HJ, Chen Y, Sun XD, He L . 6 . A case-control association study between the GRID1 gene and schizophrenia in the Chinese Northern Han population . Schizophrenia Research . 93 . 1–3 . 385–90 . July 2007 . 17490860 . 10.1016/j.schres.2007.03.007 . 9497500 .
9. Treutlein J, Mühleisen TW, Frank J, Mattheisen M, Herms S, Ludwig KU, Treutlein T, Schmael C, Strohmaier J, Bösshenz KV, Breuer R, Paul T, Witt SH, Schulze TG, Schlösser RG, Nenadic I, Sauer H, Becker T, Maier W, Cichon S, Nöthen MM, Rietschel M . 6 . Dissection of phenotype reveals possible association between schizophrenia and Glutamate Receptor Delta 1 (GRID1) gene promoter . Schizophrenia Research . 111 . 1–3 . 123–30 . June 2009 . 19346103 . 10.1016/j.schres.2009.03.011 . 20949145 .