GPR75 explained

Probable G-protein coupled receptor 75 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR75 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

GPR75 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family. GPRs are cell surface receptors that activate guanine-nucleotide binding proteins upon the binding of a ligand.

GPR75 is currently classified as an orphan GPCR and several studies are underway to identify its ligand. In one study, the chemokine CCL5 (RANTES) has been shown to stimulate calcium mobilization and inositol triphosphate formation in GPR75-transfected cells.^[3]

A 2021 study reported that people with protein-truncating variants of GPR75 were associated with 5.3kg lower body weight and 54% lower odds for obesity. GPR75 knock-out mice showed resistance to weight gain under high-fat diet.^[4]

Notes and References

1. Tarttelin EE, Kirschner LS, Bellingham J, Baffi J, Taymans SE, Gregory-Evans K, Csaky K, Stratakis CA, Gregory-Evans CY . Cloning and characterization of a novel orphan G-protein-coupled receptor localized to human chromosome 2p16 . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 260 . 1 . 174–80 . June 1999 . 10381362 . 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0753 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: GPR75 G protein-coupled receptor 75 .
3. Ignatov A, Robert J, Gregory-Evans C, Schaller HC . RANTES stimulates Ca2+ mobilization and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) formation in cells transfected with G protein-coupled receptor 75 . British Journal of Pharmacology . 149 . 5 . 490–7 . November 2006 . 17001303 . 2014681 . 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706909 .
4. Akbari P, Gilani A, Sosina O, et al. . Sequencing of 640,000 exomes identifies GPR75 variants associated with protection from obesity . Science . 373 . 6550 . 2 July 2021 . 10.1126/science.abf8683 . 34210852 . 235699731 . 10275396 .