GOODS-N-774 explained

GOODS-N-774
Epoch:	J2000
Constellation Name:	Ursa Major
Ra:	^[1]
Z:	2.3^[2]
Dist Ly:	11abbr=unitNaNabbr=unit (light travel distance) ~18abbr=unitNaNabbr=unit (comoving distance)
Type:	Protogalaxy
Size:	1.8abbr=onNaNabbr=on
Appmag V:	29.6U
Names:	Sparky, GOODS-N-774, SBM2016 GOODS-N 774, BCW2008 1740, LDD2018 18303

GOODS-N-774 also called "Sparky", is a distant early galaxy which is in the process of core formation. The galaxy is massive and extremely compact, forming stars furiously. It is thought to be on its way to becoming a giant elliptical galaxy. This galaxy was discovered in 2014, and is some 11 billion light years distant. In the sky, it is located in the constellation of Ursa Major.^[1] It is the first discovered galaxy in this stage of giant galaxy formation.^[3]

Characteristics

Sparky is forming stars at a rate of 300 stars per year, compared to our Milky Way's rate of 10. It is only 6000abbr=offNaNabbr=off across, unlike our galaxy's 100kly width. And GOODS-N-774, at 1.0×10¹¹M_Sun, is around twice as massive as the Milky Way Galaxy. The amount of star formation and related high concentrations of gas and dust obscure the view of the galaxy, making it hard to detect. The ferocious rate of star formation is thought to be the result of the dark matter halo drawing great amounts of intergalactic gas into the core, fuelling the continuous starburst, of 1 billion years.^{[4] [5] [6]} The galaxy does not contain an active galactic nucleus, confounding some expectations.^[7]

See also

• List of galaxies
• List of nearest galaxies
• List of spiral galaxies

Further reading

• A Massive Galaxy in its Core Formation Phase Three Billion Years After the Big Bang . Erica Nelson, Pieter van Dokkum, Marijn Franx, Gabriel Brammer, Ivelina Momcheva, Natascha Förster Schreiber, Elisabete da Cunha, Linda Tacconi, Rachel Bezanson, Allison Kirkpatrick, Joel Leja, Hans-Walter Rix, Rosalind Skelton, Arjen van der Wel, Katherine Whitaker, Stijn Wuyts . 4 May 2014 . 2014Natur.513..394N . 1406.3350 . 25162527 . 10.1038/nature13616 . 27 August 2014 . Nature . 513 . 7518 . 394–397 . 1854/LU-8568234 . 4459214 .

External links

• ESA/Hubble, "Distant galaxy core in the Hubble GOODS North field", NASA, ESA, and E. Nelson (Yale University, USA) 27 August 2014; (accessed 14-09-14)
• Hubblesite, "NASA Telescopes Help Uncover Early Construction Phase of Giant Galaxy", 27 August 2014, (STScI-2014-37), NASA
• phys.org, "Witnessing the early growth of a giant", 27 August 2014 (with video)
• Nature, "Structural properties of GOODS-N-774", (with PowerPoint) (accessed 09-14-14)

Notes and References

1. [SWM2014] GOODS-N 774. 2021-01-26.
2. Web site: hs-2014-37-c . GOODS-North . Hubblesite . 2014-08-14 . 2016-03-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231850/http://imgsrc.hubblesite.org/hu/db/images/hs-2014-37-c-print.jpg . dead .
3. News: . Astronomers spot the birth of 'Sparky,' a massive star factory . 29 August 2014 . Elahe Izadi .
4. News: Early growth of giant galaxy, just 3 billion years after the Big Bang, revealed . 27 August 2014 . .
5. News: Witnessing the early growth of a giant . 29 August 2014 . SpaceDaily .
6. News: Astronomers Discover a Massive Galaxy in Its Core Formation Phase . SciTechDaily . 28 August 2014 .
7. News: 'Sparky' and its new stars give clues to how massive galaxies evolve . Pete Spotts . 29 August 2014 . .