GNRHR2 explained

Putative gonadotropin-releasing hormone II receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNRHR2 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

The receptor for gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 (GnRH2) is encoded by the GnRH2 receptor (GnRHR2) gene. In non-hominoid primates and non-mammalian vertebrates, GnRHR2 encodes a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor. However, in humans, the N-terminus of the predicted protein contains a frameshift and premature stop codon. In humans, GnRHR2 transcription occurs but whether the gene produces a functional C-terminal multi-transmembrane protein is currently unresolved. Alternative splice variants have been reported. An untranscribed pseudogene of GnRHR2 is also on chromosome 14.^[2]

See also

• Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor

Further reading

• Neill JD . GnRH and GnRH receptor genes in the human genome . Endocrinology . 143 . 3 . 737–43 . 2002 . 11861490 . 10.1210/endo.143.3.8705 . free .
• Millar R, Conklin D, Lofton-Day C . A novel human GnRH receptor homolog gene: abundant and wide tissue distribution of the antisense transcript . J. Endocrinol. . 162 . 1 . 117–26 . 1999 . 10396028 . 10.1677/joe.0.1620117 . etal. free .
• Neill JD, Duck LW, Sellers JC, Musgrove LC . A gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor specific for GnRH II in primates . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 282 . 4 . 1012–8 . 2001 . 11352653 . 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4678 .
• van Biljon W, Wykes S, Scherer S . Type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor transcripts in human sperm . Biol. Reprod. . 67 . 6 . 1741–9 . 2003 . 12444048 . 10.1095/biolreprod.101.002808 . etal. free .
• Morgan K, Conklin D, Pawson AJ . A transcriptionally active human type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene homolog overlaps two genes in the antisense orientation on chromosome 1q.12 . Endocrinology . 144 . 2 . 423–36 . 2003 . 12538601 . 10.1210/en.2002-220622 . etal. free .
• Pawson AJ, Maudsley S, Morgan K . Inhibition of human type i gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) function by expression of a human type II GnRHR gene fragment . Endocrinology . 146 . 6 . 2639–49 . 2005 . 15761034 . 10.1210/en.2005-0133 . etal. free .
• Eicke N, Günthert AR, Viereck V . GnRH-II receptor-like antigenicity in human placenta and in cancers of the human reproductive organs . Eur. J. Endocrinol. . 153 . 4 . 605–12 . 2005 . 16189182 . 10.1530/eje.1.02005 . etal.
• Ikemoto T, Park MK . Comparative genomics of the endocrine systems in humans and chimpanzees with special reference to GNRH2 and UCN2 and their receptors . Genomics . 87 . 4 . 459–62 . 2006 . 16406723 . 10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.11.005 . free .
• Parker JD, Malik M, Catherino WH . Human myometrium and leiomyomas express gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 receptor . Fertil. Steril. . 88 . 1 . 39–46 . 2007 . 17296196 . 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.098 . 23070647 . free .

External links

• Web site: Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Receptors: GnRH2 Receptor . IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels . International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology .

Notes and References

1. Faurholm B, Millar RP, Katz AA . The genes encoding the type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor and the ribonucleoprotein RBM8A in humans overlap in two genomic loci . Genomics . 78 . 1–2 . 15–8 . Nov 2001 . 11707068 . 10.1006/geno.2001.6650 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: GNRHR2 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (type 2) receptor 2.