GNAI1 explained

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i), alpha-1 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNAI1 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Interactions

GNAI1 has been shown to interact with:

• GPR143,^[3]
• RGS12,
• RGS14,^{[4] [5]}
• RGS19,^{[6] [7]}
• RIC8A,^[8] and
• S1PR1.^[9]

Further reading

• Sidhu A, Niznik HB . Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins . International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience . 18 . 7 . 669–77 . Nov 2000 . 10978845 . 10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00033-2 . 21002590 .
• Brown EJ, Frazier WA . Integrin-associated protein (CD47) and its ligands . Trends in Cell Biology . 11 . 3 . 130–5 . Mar 2001 . 11306274 . 10.1016/S0962-8924(00)01906-1 .
• Raymond JR, Mukhin YV, Gelasco A, Turner J, Collinsworth G, Gettys TW, Grewal JS, Garnovskaya MN . Multiplicity of mechanisms of serotonin receptor signal transduction . Pharmacology & Therapeutics . 92 . 2–3 . 179–212 . 2002 . 11916537 . 10.1016/S0163-7258(01)00169-3 .
• Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK . Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 88 . 9 . 3907–11 . May 1991 . 1902575 . 51562 . 10.1073/pnas.88.9.3907 . 1991PNAS...88.3907J . free .
• Gennity JM, Siess W . Thrombin inhibits the pertussis-toxin-dependent ADP-ribosylation of a novel soluble Gi-protein in human platelets . The Biochemical Journal . 279 . Pt 3 . 643–50 . Nov 1991 . 1953657 . 1151493 . 10.1042/bj2790643.
• Itoh H, Toyama R, Kozasa T, Tsukamoto T, Matsuoka M, Kaziro Y . Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 263 . 14 . 6656–64 . May 1988 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68692-2 . 2834384 . free .
• Bloch DB, Bloch KD, Iannuzzi M, Collins FS, Neer EJ, Seidman JG, Morton CC . The gene for the alpha i1 subunit of human guanine nucleotide binding protein maps near the cystic fibrosis locus . American Journal of Human Genetics . 42 . 6 . 884–8 . Jun 1988 . 3130752 . 1715192 .
• Nagata K, Katada T, Tohkin M, Itoh H, Kaziro Y, Ui M, Nozawa Y . GTP-binding proteins in human platelet membranes serving as the specific substrate of islet-activating protein, pertussis toxin . FEBS Letters . 237 . 1–2 . 113–7 . Sep 1988 . 3139448 . 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80182-0 . 27091750 . free .
• Kagimoto S, Yamada Y, Kubota A, Someya Y, Ihara Y, Yasuda K, Kozasa T, Imura H, Seino S, Seino Y . Human somatostatin receptor, SSTR2, is coupled to adenylyl cyclase in the presence of Gi alpha 1 protein . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 202 . 2 . 1188–95 . Jul 1994 . 7914078 . 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2054 .
• Nitta K, Uchida K, Kawashima A, Tsutsui T, Ozu H, Naito T, Yumura W, Nihei H . Identification of GTP-binding proteins in human glomeruli . Nihon Jinzo Gakkai Shi . 36 . 1 . 9–12 . Jan 1994 . 8107314 .
• Law SF, Zaina S, Sweet R, Yasuda K, Bell GI, Stadel J, Reisine T . Gi alpha 1 selectively couples somatostatin receptor subtype 3 to adenylyl cyclase: identification of the functional domains of this alpha subunit necessary for mediating the inhibition by somatostatin of cAMP formation . Molecular Pharmacology . 45 . 4 . 587–90 . Apr 1994 . 8183236 .
• Europe-Finner GN, Phaneuf S, Watson SP, López Bernal A . Identification and expression of G-proteins in human myometrium: up-regulation of G alpha s in pregnancy . Endocrinology . 132 . 6 . 2484–90 . Jun 1993 . 8504751 . 10.1210/endo.132.6.8504751 .
• Laugwitz KL, Allgeier A, Offermanns S, Spicher K, Van Sande J, Dumont JE, Schultz G . The human thyrotropin receptor: a heptahelical receptor capable of stimulating members of all four G protein families . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 93 . 1 . 116–20 . Jan 1996 . 8552586 . 40189 . 10.1073/pnas.93.1.116 . 1996PNAS...93..116L . free .
• Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA . A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction . Analytical Biochemistry . 236 . 1 . 107–13 . Apr 1996 . 8619474 . 10.1006/abio.1996.0138 .
• Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T . The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 271 . 19 . 11272–9 . May 1996 . 8626678 . 10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272 . free .
• De Vries L, Elenko E, Hubler L, Jones TL, Farquhar MG . GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 93 . 26 . 15203–8 . Dec 1996 . 8986788 . 26381 . 10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203 . 1996PNAS...9315203D . free .
• Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Ding Y, Liu W, Ricafrente JY, Wentland MA, Lennon G, Gibbs RA . Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing . Genome Research . 7 . 4 . 353–8 . Apr 1997 . 9110174 . 139146 . 10.1101/gr.7.4.353 .
• Popov S, Yu K, Kozasa T, Wilkie TM . The regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) domains of RGS4, RGS10, and GAIP retain GTPase activating protein activity in vitro . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 94 . 14 . 7216–20 . Jul 1997 . 9207071 . 23796 . 10.1073/pnas.94.14.7216 . 1997PNAS...94.7216P . free .
• Shuey DJ, Betty M, Jones PG, Khawaja XZ, Cockett MI . RGS7 attenuates signal transduction through the G(alpha q) family of heterotrimeric G proteins in mammalian cells . Journal of Neurochemistry . 70 . 5 . 1964–72 . May 1998 . 9572280 . 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70051964.x . 31928913 .

Notes and References

1. Bray P, Carter A, Guo V, Puckett C, Kamholz J, Spiegel A, Nirenberg M . Human cDNA clones for an alpha subunit of Gi signal-transduction protein . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 84 . 15 . 5115–9 . Aug 1987 . 3110783 . 298804 . 10.1073/pnas.84.15.5115 . 1987PNAS...84.5115B . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: GNAI1 Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 1.
3. Schiaffino MV, d'Addio M, Alloni A, Baschirotto C, Valetti C, Cortese K, Puri C, Bassi MT, Colla C, De Luca M, Tacchetti C, Ballabio A . Ocular albinism: evidence for a defect in an intracellular signal transduction system . Nature Genetics . 23 . 1 . 108–12 . Sep 1999 . 10471510 . 10.1038/12715 . 6604295 .
4. Kimple RJ, De Vries L, Tronchère H, Behe CI, Morris RA, Gist Farquhar M, Siderovski DP . RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 276 . 31 . 29275–81 . Aug 2001 . 11387333 . 10.1074/jbc.M103208200 . free .
5. Kimple RJ, Kimple ME, Betts L, Sondek J, Siderovski DP . Structural determinants for GoLoco-induced inhibition of nucleotide release by Galpha subunits . Nature . 416 . 6883 . 878–81 . Apr 2002 . 11976690 . 10.1038/416878a . 2002Natur.416..878K . 4406208 .
6. Woulfe DS, Stadel JM . Structural basis for the selectivity of the RGS protein, GAIP, for Galphai family members. Identification of a single amino acid determinant for selective interaction of Galphai subunits with GAIP . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 274 . 25 . 17718–24 . Jun 1999 . 10364213 . 10.1074/jbc.274.25.17718. free .
7. De Vries L, Elenko E, Hubler L, Jones TL, Farquhar MG . GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 93 . 26 . 15203–8 . Dec 1996 . 8986788 . 26381 . 10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203. 1996PNAS...9315203D . free .
8. Tall GG, Krumins AM, Gilman AG . Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 10 . 8356–62 . Mar 2003 . 12509430 . 10.1074/jbc.M211862200 . free .
9. Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T . The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 271 . 19 . 11272–9 . May 1996 . 8626678 . 10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272. free .