Gem-associated protein 4 explained

Gem-associated protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GEMIN4 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

The product of this gene is part of the SMN protein complex localized to the cytoplasm, nucleoli, and to discrete nuclear bodies called Gemini bodies (gems). The complex functions in spliceosomal snRNP assembly in the cytoplasm, and regenerates spliceosomes required for pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus. The encoded protein directly interacts with a DEAD box protein and several spliceosome core proteins. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described, but their biological validity has not been determined.

Interactions

GEMIN4 has been shown to interact with:

• DDX20,^{[1] [3]}
• EIF2C2,^{[3] [4]}
• LGALS1^[5] and
• SMN1.^[6]

References

Further reading

• Meister G, Bühler D, Laggerbauer B, Zobawa M, Lottspeich F, Fischer U . Characterization of a nuclear 20S complex containing the survival of motor neurons (SMN) protein and a specific subset of spliceosomal Sm proteins . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 9 . 13 . 1977–86 . 2000 . 10942426 . 10.1093/hmg/9.13.1977 . free .
• Pellizzoni L, Charroux B, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G . A Functional Interaction between the Survival Motor Neuron Complex and RNA Polymerase II . J. Cell Biol. . 152 . 1 . 75–85 . 2001 . 11149922 . 2193649 . 10.1083/jcb.152.1.75 .
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Böcher M, Blöcker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Düsterhöft A, Beyer A, Köhrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwälder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A . Toward a Catalog of Human Genes and Proteins: Sequencing and Analysis of 500 Novel Complete Protein Coding Human cDNAs . Genome Res. . 11 . 3 . 422–35 . 2001 . 11230166 . 311072 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R .
• Park JW, Voss PG, Grabski S, Wang JL, Patterson RJ . Association of galectin-1 and galectin-3 with Gemin4 in complexes containing the SMN protein . Nucleic Acids Res. . 29 . 17 . 3595–602 . 2001 . 11522829 . 55878 . 10.1093/nar/29.17.3595 .
• Qin WX, Wan F, Sun FY, Zhang PP, Han LW, Huang Y, Jiang HQ, Zhao XT, He M, Ye Y, Cong WM, Wu MC, Zhang LS, Yang NW, Gu JR . Cloning and characterization of a novel gene (C17orf25) from the deletion region on chromosome 17p13.3 in hepatocelular carcinoma . Cell Res. . 11 . 3 . 209–16 . 2002 . 11642406 . 10.1038/sj.cr.7290088 . free .
• Friesen WJ, Paushkin S, Wyce A, Massenet S, Pesiridis GS, Van Duyne G, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G . The Methylosome, a 20S Complex Containing JBP1 and pICln, Produces Dimethylarginine-Modified Sm Proteins . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 21 . 24 . 8289–300 . 2001 . 11713266 . 99994 . 10.1128/MCB.21.24.8289-8300.2001 .
• Gubitz AK, Mourelatos Z, Abel L, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G . Gemin5, a novel WD repeat protein component of the SMN complex that binds Sm proteins . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 7 . 5631–6 . 2002 . 11714716 . 10.1074/jbc.M109448200 . free .
• Pellizzoni L, Baccon J, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G . Purification of native survival of motor neurons complexes and identification of Gemin6 as a novel component . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 9 . 7540–5 . 2002 . 11748230 . 10.1074/jbc.M110141200 . free .
• Baccon J, Pellizzoni L, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G . Identification and characterization of Gemin7, a novel component of the survival of motor neuron complex . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 35 . 31957–62 . 2002 . 12065586 . 10.1074/jbc.M203478200 . free .
• Di Y, Li J, Zhang Y, He X, Lu H, Xu D, Ling J, Huo K, Wan D, Li YY, Gu J . HCC-associated protein HCAP1, a variant of GEMIN4, interacts with zinc-finger proteins . J. Biochem. . 133 . 6 . 713–8 . 2004 . 12869526 . 10.1093/jb/mvg091 .
• Wan D, He M, Wang J, Qiu X, Zhou W, Luo Z, Chen J, Gu J . Two variants of the human hepatocellular carcinoma-associated HCAP1 gene and their effect on the growth of the human liver cancer cell line Hep3B . Genes Chromosomes Cancer . 39 . 1 . 48–58 . 2004 . 14603441 . 10.1002/gcc.10293 . 20451424 .
• Nelson PT, Hatzigeorgiou AG, Mourelatos Z . miRNP:mRNA association in polyribosomes in a human neuronal cell line . RNA . 10 . 3 . 387–94 . 2004 . 14970384 . 1370934 . 10.1261/rna.5181104 .
• Shpargel KB, Matera AG . Gemin proteins are required for efficient assembly of Sm-class ribonucleoproteins . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 102 . 48 . 17372–7 . 2006 . 16301532 . 1297697 . 10.1073/pnas.0508947102 . free .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D . Large-scale mapping of human protein–protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Mol. Syst. Biol. . 3 . 1 . 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 1847948 . 10.1038/msb4100134 .

Notes and References

1. Charroux B, Pellizzoni L, Perkinson RA, Yong J, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Dreyfuss G . Gemin4: A Novel Component of the Smn Complex That Is Found in Both Gems and Nucleoli . J Cell Biol . 148 . 6 . 1177–86 . April 2000 . 10725331 . 2174312 . 10.1083/jcb.148.6.1177 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: GEMIN4 gem (nuclear organelle) associated protein 4.
3. Mourelatos Z, Dostie J, Paushkin S, Sharma A, Charroux B, Abel L, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G . miRNPs: a novel class of ribonucleoproteins containing numerous microRNAs . Genes Dev. . 16 . 6 . 720–8 . March 2002 . 11914277 . 155365 . 10.1101/gad.974702 .
4. Nelson PT, Hatzigeorgiou AG, Mourelatos Z . miRNP:mRNA association in polyribosomes in a human neuronal cell line . RNA . 10 . 3 . 387–94 . March 2004 . 14970384 . 1370934 . 10.1261/rna.5181104.
5. Park JW, Voss PG, Grabski S, Wang JL, Patterson RJ . Association of galectin-1 and galectin-3 with Gemin4 in complexes containing the SMN protein . Nucleic Acids Res. . 29 . 17 . 3595–602 . September 2001 . 11522829 . 55878 . 10.1093/nar/29.17.3595.
6. Meister G, Bühler D, Laggerbauer B, Zobawa M, Lottspeich F, Fischer U . Characterization of a nuclear 20S complex containing the survival of motor neurons (SMN) protein and a specific subset of spliceosomal Sm proteins . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 9 . 13 . 1977–86 . August 2000 . 10942426 . 10.1093/hmg/9.13.1977. free .