G. M. Durrani Explained

Ghulam Mustafa Durrani
Alias:G.M.D. Sahab, Durrani Ji, Durrani Sahab, G.M. Sahab
Birth Date:8 September 1919
Birth Place:Peshawar, British India
Origin:Mumbai, Maharashtra, India (Nationality-Indian)
Death Place:Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Occupation:Singer, Actor, Music director, Composer, Radio Drama Artist
Instrument:Vocalist, Harmonium, Tanpura
Years Active:1935–1978

Ghulam Mustafa Durrani (1919 – 8 September 1988; sometimes known as G. M. Durrani) was an Indian radio drama artist, playback singer, actor and music director.

Ghulam Mustafa Durrani was a radio drama artist and full-time singer of Lahore station, Delhi station and Mumbai station of AIR (Akashvani (radio broadcaster)). His native language was Pashto, but he had a strong command over Hindi, Urdu and Punjabi. He sang in many Indian languages including Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi and Pashto language in Indian movies in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. After the 50s, Durrani sang very few songs. Durrani was the disciple of radio broadcaster Zulfiqar Ali Bukhari.

To his credit, he tried to create his own identity as a playback singer and tried not to follow the K. L. Saigal style of singing. Durrani was notable for sad songs, Romantic songs, Patriotic songs, Qur'an Khani, Qawwalis, Ghazals and Bhajans. He was also one of the first Muslim singers to sing Hindu Devotionals.[1] G. M. Durrani was also the oldest Punjabi singer-actor at that time.

Early life

Ghulam Mustafa Durrani was born in Peshawar, British India in 1919. He was a Pathan (Pashtuns) and belonged to the Mohammad Zai tribe. He should not be confused as a direct descendant or have any relation with H.M Ahmed Shah Durrani -Founder of Afghanistan

Family

His mother passed away when he was very young. His father was educated and of artistic mind, but very strict, and the only ally at the home was his loving grandmother. But she could also not protect him from his father's anger.[2]

Marriage

Durrani married actress Jyoti (real name was Sitara Begum). Jyoti was the younger sister of actress Wahidan, who acted in many movies, including Alibaba. Wahidan's daughter Nimmi was to become a big actress in the 1950s, too.[1]

Career

In Peshawar

The last job Durrani did in Peshawar was at a painter's shop where an artist always used to hum the tunes of the songs composed by highly respected Composer and Actor Rafiq Ghaznavi. He also started imitating those songs and got appreciation from the colleagues which inspired him. Durrani started practising Rafiq Ghaznavi's songs and assumed him as his master. During this time, his father took him to another job at his uncle's motor-part shop. But the artist within didn't stay long there and Durrani ran away from home to Lahore, with only 22 rupees in his pocket.

In Lahore

In Lahore, Durrani did odd jobs along with singing on radio. This brought him fame and passion for radio singing which took him to Delhi first, then to Bombay. He came to Bombay (now Mumbai) on 14 April 1935. In Mumbai, he somehow got a job at Mumbai Radio Station, and from there he got recognition. Filmwallahs started calling on him to sing.[2]

In Mumbai

His singing career started from AIR (Akashvani (radio broadcaster)).[3] Durrani was discovered by film producer Sohrab Modi. Modi gave him his first chance around 1935 or 1936 in the movie Said-e-Havas,[4] a historical under the music director, classical musician Bundu Khan, popularly known as "Taan-Talwar" Bundu Khan. It was a ghazal, whose words were:

"Mastonko shem farz hai peena Sharab ka,
gutti mein meri padh gaya qatara sharab ka"

The English Translation of this Ghazal:"The happy-go-lucky people imbibe liquor for euphoria but I drink because my first morsel of food had a drop of liquor in it."[5]

In Delhi

When Durrani came to Bombay, the playback system was not there, and one had to act on-screen. He didn't like running around trees and refused to work further. He faced a lot of difficulties and could not return as people would call him a "Kanjar". Minerva was to close down soon too. He soon joined the Delhi Radio Station of AIR (Akashvani (radio broadcaster)).

Durrani was working at the Delhi Radio Station where he got acquainted with poet Behzad Lakhnavi, whose many ghazals had been sung by Mallika-e-Ghazal (Queen of Ghazals) Begum Akhtar.

Shift to Mumbai

He later shifted to the Mumbai Radio Station where he met a big personality at the time, whom he considered one of his ustads (master), Station Director of Bombay station of AIR (Akashvani (radio broadcaster)), Baba-e-Nasharayat (Father of Broadcasting) Zulfiqar Ali Bukhari, who helped the radio station advance. Durrani called Zulfiqar Ali Bukhari "Ustad", to honour him. (Z. A. Bukhari, was the Station Director of Delhi station and Bombay station of AIR (Akashvani (radio broadcaster)). After the Partition of India and creation of Pakistan, Bukhari was made first director-general of Radio Pakistan (Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation) and later, he served as general manager of PTV (Pakistan Television Corporation)).

G. M. Durrani's salary was soon fixed at Rs. 40 per month. Here, he was working as a Drama Artist. He was soon counted as one of the best drama artists on the radio at that time. Over a period of three years, his salary had gone up to Rs. 70 per month. But fate would soon call him back to films.

Later, in 1939–40, when the concept of playback singing started, he was the first to lend his voice for a film titled Bahurani. The film was made by Sagar Movietone and its music director was Rafiq Ghaznavi. Durrani was then working as a full-time Singer in AIR (Akashvani (radio broadcaster)). Those were British days and they were not allowed to do any private recordings. But Ghaznavi insisted. Durrani laid down some conditions, like; the recording should be fixed on a Sunday night so that no outsiders would be allowed to enter the studio. Secondly, he said that his name shouldn't appear in credit titles or on discs. The song was a duet with Miss Rose, an Anglo-Indian, who didn't have much experience as a singer. He was paid Rs.75 for the song as against his salary of Rs.70 a month at AIR (Akashvani (radio broadcaster)). He then chucked his job on 31 December 1940 and decided to concentrate fully on his film career.[1]

Thereafter, he sang for, among others, noted music directors such as Khawaja Khurshid Anwar, his friend Naushad, Shankar Rao Vyas and A. R. Qureshi, (Better known as Alla Rakha, Pandit Ravi Shanker's famous tabla accompanist), for films like Mirza Ghalib, Humlog, Magroor, Shama, Namaste, Sabak and scores of others. He became very popular. Many singers started their careers with him and he inspired many others too.[6]

He was the idol of Mohammed Rafi, who imitated him in the early days. In fact, in 1944, Rafi recorded what he considered his first Hindi language song for the film Gaon ki Gori (1944) for Shyam Sunder, "Aji Dil Ho Kaaboo Mein To Dildaar Ki Aisi Taisi", with G. M. Durrani and chorus.[7]

Geeta Dutt[8] also started her career in her breakthrough movie, Do Bhai, with the song "Aaj Preet Ka Naata Toot Gaya", a duet with G. M. Durrani, for S. D. Burman.

Similarly, "Haye Chorre Ki Jaat Badi Bewafa", a duet with G. M. Durrani, was Lata's first song for composer, Naushad.

Durrani has sung many songs during his career. His output later reduced. According to one story, he was influenced not to sing for some time after his Hajj visit and Rafi then helped him get back to singing, but by then his career was over. Music composer Khawaja Khurshid Anwar, in his first film, Kurmai (Punjabi-1941) took Durrani as his assistant and later gave him the film Angoori (1943) as music director.

Popularity

In the period of K. L. Saigal, Surinder, Khan Mastana and G.M. Durrani were also famous. G. M. Durrani was one of the 40s famous playback singers.[2] Durrani tried to make his own identity as a playback singer and not try to follow the K. L. Saigal style of singing. G. M. Durrani was a legendary Bollywood playback singer.[3] His singing style was to inspire Rafi and others in the years to come. Later G. M. Durrani became a model to many playback singers who followed. The soulful renditions of Durrani were to be reminded of by Talat's singing as well.

Mohammed Rafi was influenced most notably, by G. M. Durrani,[9] on whose style he based his singing. He sang with his idol in some of the songs such as "Humko Hanste Dekh Zamana Jalta Hai" (Hum Sab Chor Hain, 1956) and "Khabar Kisi Ko Nahiin, Woh Kidhar Dekhte" (Beqasoor, 1950).

G. M. Durrani considered that his first famous song was "Duniya Mein Sab Jode Jode" in the film Sharda (1942), composed by Naushad.

The song "Neend Hamaari Khwaab Tumhaare Kitne Meethe Kitne Pyaare", that made him a real rage, was however, composed by Shyam Sundar, for his movie Nai Kahani. This song, sung mostly by G. M. Durrani, with some support by child-star Balakram was playing everywhere. When he sang this song, the listeners went crazy. This timeless melody can never be forgotten by fans of Indian Cinema.

Nearly 40 years later, when Tata Oil Mills did a program, Mortal Men Immortal Melodies, to celebrate fifty years of talkies in India, they invited him to re-render the song. Although many had forgotten him, his voice was still great and he got applause for it.[1]

Filmography

As actor

As music director

The legendary Filmmaker, Writer, Director and Music composer Khawaja Khurshid Anwar took G. M. Durrani in his first film, Kurmai (Punjabi-1941) as his assistant.[14] Durrani also assisted his friend Naushad for his movies around this time and big break for him was coming soon in the form of the movie Nai Duniya (1942).

G. M. Durrani composed the songs in these films:[15]

Selected songs

Solo Songs

Songs with Other Singers

Songs with Amirbai Karnataki

Songs with Asha Bhosle

Songs with Bhupinder Singh (musician)

Songs with Faiyaz Mohammed

Songs with Geeta Dutt

Songs with Iqbal Begum

Songs with Kishore Kumar

Songs with Khan Mastana

Songs with Lata Mangeshkar

Songs with Mahendra Kapoor

Songs with Manju Das

Songs with Mohammed Rafi

Songs with Mukesh (singer)

Songs with Noor Jehan

Songs with P. Susheela

Songs with Parol Ghosh

Songs with Rajkumari Dubey

Songs with Sandhya Mukhopadhyay

Songs with Shamshad Begum

Songs with Sitara

Songs with Sudha Malhotra

Songs with Sulochana Kadam

Songs with Suraiya

Songs with Talat Mahmood

Songs with Trilok Kapoor

Songs with Uma Devi (Tun Tun)

Songs with Zeenat Begum

Songs with Zohrabai Ambalewali

Duet with other singers

Genres

Patriotic Songs

Hindu Devotional Songs

G. M. Durrani was one of the first Muslim singers to get to sing Hindu Devotionals.[1]

Muslim Devotional Songs

Quraan Khani

Filmi qawwali

Filmi-ghazal

Punjabi Songs

In the 40s and 50s G.M. Durrani was the senior Punjabi singer-actor from Mohammad Rafi. K.L. Saigal died on 18 January 1947. Then G. M. Durrani was the most senior Punjabi singer-actor. Durrani tried to make his own identity and style as a playback singer and not try to follow the K. L. Saigal type of singing. In future, all singers like Mohd. Rafi, Talat Mahmood, Manna Dey, Kishore Kumar etc. were influenced with Durrani. They followed the style of Durrani. Top singer Noor Jehan was expecting for duets with G. M. Durrani to be the other singers.[83] A few songs are here:

Pashto Song

Short career

Manna Dey says on page 190-191 in Memories Come Alive:

"Durrani-ji had a mellifluous voice, but lacked staying power and failed to survive as a singer. To reach the heights of success, it is necessary to be practical as well and this is where Durrani-ji fell short. I learnt a great deal from his failure. I realized that when a producer spends a fortune on his film, he expects everyone in his team to put in his best effort to make it a success. And putting in one's best meant being ingenious and innovative, qualities without which an artiste is likely to get lost in the wilderness. That, precisely, is what happened to Durrani-ji and I cannot help feeling sorry for the way his career turned out."[1]
- Manna Dey|}

Spirituality & Death

G. M. Durrani had become spiritually inclined because of which he slowly left the industry. In an interview with Ameen Sayani in 1978, he said that he got bored of the materialistic world (like bungalow, motors, cars and other luxurious items) of Bollywood Bombay Film Industry and started avoiding the film career and film personalities. He started keeping a beard so nobody would recognise him. He sold his all luxurious items and started giving away money from the bank to various Faqirs. Finally, he shifted to a small house and opened a general merchant shop after taking a loan.

He died in Mumbai on 8 September 1988.

Some Famous Songs

A few of his famous songs are:[2]

See also

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: G. M. Durrani : The Forgotten Great Male Playback Singer (Guzare Zamaane ke Azeem Pratinidhi Gaayak) . 18 March 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150403021846/http://www.anmolfankaar.com/specials/ek-fankaar/112-g-m-durrani-the-forgotten-great-male-playback-singer-guzare-zamaane-ke-azeem-pratinidhi-gaayak.html . 3 April 2015 . dead .
  2. Web site: Account Suspended. cinegems.in.
  3. Web site: G.M. Durrani, G.M. Durrani Information. www.hindilyrics.net. 21 March 2015. 24 September 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150924030236/http://www.hindilyrics.net/profiles/g.m.-durrani.html. dead.
  4. Web site: G.M. Durrani - Singer, Music Director, Actor | MySwar. myswar.co.
  5. Web site: G.M. Durrani – Interview. cineplot.com.
  6. Web site: G. M. Durrani.
  7. Web site: Sangeet Mahal : The Music Greats . 2007-04-28 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070526060332/http://www.sangeetmahal.com/hof/Singers_Rafi.asp . 26 May 2007 . dmy-all .
  8. Web site: Geeta Dutt - Musical Association with Playback Singers. www.geetadutt.com.
  9. Web site: 24th December 1924: Mohammed Rafi, legendary playback singer, was born -. 24 December 2013.
  10. Web site: Hindi Film Songs - Bhumika (1977) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  11. Web site: Hindi Film Songs - Kaise Kahoon (1964) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  12. Web site: Hindi Film Songs - Besharam (1978) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  13. Web site: Hindi Film Songs - Teesra Kaun (1965) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  14. Web site: Hindi Movies / Films Songs. hindi-films-songs.com.
  15. Web site: G.M. Durrani - Song listing as Music Director, Composer | MySwar. myswar.co.
  16. Web site: Hindi Film Songs - Vijay Laxmi (1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  17. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Barto Sudeshi Bano Sudeshi (Vijay Laxmi, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  18. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Chale Charan More Kunjan Ki Ore (Vijay Laxmi, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  19. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Hum Jaan Gaye Re (Vijay Laxmi, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  20. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Is Bekaraar Dil Ko (Vijay Laxmi, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  21. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Koi Aaya Chamak Uthi (Vijay Laxmi, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  22. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Matlab Hai Mil Jaane Se (Vijay Laxmi, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  23. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Uyi Main Lut Gayi (Vijay Laxmi, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  24. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Ye Naina Bade Deewane (Vijay Laxmi, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  25. Web site: Hindi Film Songs - Angoori (1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  26. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Aa Kar Le Mann Ka Mol (Angoori, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  27. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Angoori Angoori Pyaala (Angoori, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  28. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Jeet Liyo Jeet Liyo Jeet Liyo Re (Angoori, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  29. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Kaahe Tihar Jiya Daale (Angoori, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  30. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Loot Liyo Re (Angoori, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  31. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Man Hai Ek Paheli (Angoori, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  32. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Main Na Jaihaun Akeli Bajariya (Angoori, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.com.
  33. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Nainon Mein Naina Deenhon Daal (Angoori, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  34. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Sambhaal Ke Jaiyo Sakhi (Angoori, 1943) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  35. Web site: Hindi Film Songs - Bhagyalaxmi (1944) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  36. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Ho Mujhse Aaj Kaun Dhanwan (Bhagyalaxmi, 1944) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  37. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Khaali Hai Daaman-E-Murad (Bhagyalaxmi, 1944) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  38. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Krishna Piya Ko Rijhana Aali (Bhagyalaxmi, 1944) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  39. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Meri Binti Suni Girdhari (Bhagyalaxmi, 1944) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  40. Web site: Hindi Film Song - More Aangan Mein Chanda Lutaye Kiran (Bhagyalaxmi, 1944) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  41. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Saawariya Jab Se Milaye Nain (Bhagyalaxmi, 1944) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  42. Web site: Hindi Film Song - So Jaa Rajdulari So Jaa (Bhagyalaxmi, 1944) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  43. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Aaye Doli Uthane Kahaar (Dharkan, 1946) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  44. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Baanka Raseela Mora Baalam (Dharkan, 1946) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  45. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Dil Dheer Na Dhare (Dharkan, 1946) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  46. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Dil Pehloo Se Uchhla Jaaye (Dharkan, 1946) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  47. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Jab Se Gaye Ho Nain Mere Raah Takat Hain Teri (Dharkan, 1946) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  48. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Jo Dard Basaya Tha (Dharkan, 1946) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  49. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Hum Mast Hawa Ke Jhonkon Se Lahrate Hain (Dharkan, 1946) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  50. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Maalik Mere Accha Nahin Dukhiyon Ko (Dharkan, 1946) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  51. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Shab-E-Gham Aap Mere Paas Aa Jayen To Kya Ho (Dharkan, 1946) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  52. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Maaya Badi Bairan Tu (Gul-E-Bakavali, 1956) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  53. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Nagaawali Raj Hai Bakaavali Rani Hai (Gul-E-Bakavali, 1956) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  54. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Dil Tere Hijr Mein Beemar Hai Thoda Thoda (Actor, 1951) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  55. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Nabi Ne Chahne Wale Nirali Shaan (Awara Shahzadi, 1956) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  56. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Itni Si Kahani Hai Itna Mera Afsana (Aaiye, 1949) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  57. Web site: None. 29 December 2023.
  58. News: Bewafa Poetry in Urdu with Text and Images or Pics. 2021-01-24. Pak Poetry 24. en-US.
  59. http://mymp3singer.com/download/20750/05_-_khayegi_thokaren_jawani Khayegi Thokaren Jawani
  60. Web site: G. M. Durrani Songs Lyrics, Latest Albums & Videos. LyricsBogie.
  61. Web site: Hindi Movies / Films Songs. films.hindi-movies-songs.com.
  62. Web site: Haye Chhore Ki Jaat . 14 August 2015 . 19 July 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150719005422/http://mymp3singer.com/download/18651/06_-_haye_chhore_ki_jaat . dead .
  63. Web site: Lata Mangeshkar . www.radjesh.com . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130119045253/http://www.radjesh.com/Lata%20Mangeshkar/Lata_mangeshkar_1949.html . 2013-01-19.
  64. Web site: G. M. Durrani, Mohammad Rafi songs list | G. M. Durrani - Mohammad Rafi duet songs . 21 April 2015 . 4 March 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055502/http://www.gomolo.com/celeb/g-m-durrani-and-mohammad-rafi-songs-list/4786/28313 . dead .
  65. Web site: Mirza Sahiban - All Songs Lyrics (1947) . 21 April 2015 . 18 June 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150618161020/http://www.lyricsious.com/mirza-sahiban-1947.html . dead .
  66. http://mymp3singer.com/download/20746/09_-_tum_ankhon_se_door Tum Aankhon Se Door
  67. Web site: Her life and art . 21 April 2015 . 19 April 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150419053540/http://www.madamnoorjehan.com/her-life-and-art/her-filmography/her-films/110-mirza-sahiban.html . dead .
  68. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Bade Tum Veer Sahi Baat Badi Mat Karna (Gul-E-Bakavali, 1956) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  69. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Ho Jaise Sawan Mein Baadal (Sohag Sindoor, 1953) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  70. Web site: Her Career . www.shamshadbegum.com . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130117214423/http://www.shamshadbegum.com/her-career.html . 2013-01-17.
  71. http://mymp3singer.com/download/20748/07_-_miyan_ji_ko_chadh_jaye Aaj Miya ji Ko
  72. Web site: Aye Hind Ke Saputo Lyrics - Koshish (1943) - G. M. Durrani. 12 April 2015. LyricsBogie.
  73. Web site: Hum Todenge Lyrics - Gokul (1946) - G. M. Durrani. 19 March 2015. LyricsBogie.
  74. Web site: Raghukul Rit Lyrics - Bharat Milap (1942) - G. M. Durrani. 28 November 2012. LyricsBogie.
  75. Web site: Jhanananan Lyrics - Bharat Milap (1942) - Amirbai Karnataki, Chorus, G. M. Durrani. 28 November 2012. LyricsBogie.
  76. Web site: Utho Utho Hey Bharat Lyrics - Bharat Milap (1942) - Chorus, G. M. Durrani. 28 November 2012. LyricsBogie.
  77. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Shambho Mahadev Shankar (Vikramaditya, 1945) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  78. Web site: Hindi Film Song - Om Jai Jai Shankar (Group) (Vikramaditya, 1945) | MySwar. myswar.co.
  79. Web site: Vasudev Sutam Devam Lyrics - Veer Arjun (1952) - G. M. Durrani. 3 April 2015. LyricsBogie.
  80. Web site: Kaha Hamare Chale Lyrics - Gokul (1946) - G. M. Durrani. 19 March 2015. LyricsBogie.
  81. Web site: Shankar Jaikishan Music Scores (Singers-wise) G.M.Durrani : 3 Scores. www.sjmusic.org.
  82. Web site: LyricsIndia: G M Durrani. www.lyricsindia.net.
  83. Web site: Punjabi. apnaorg.com.
  84. Web site: giitaayan - Search results for 'G M Durrani'. www.giitaayan.com.
  85. Web site: Haath seene pe . 14 August 2015 . 4 March 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304224410/http://mymp3singer.com/download/20753/02_-_haath_seene_pe . dead .

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