| Gösta Arvidsson | |
| Nationality: | Swedish |
| Birth Date: | 21 August 1925 |
| Birth Place: | Falköping, Västra Götaland, Sweden |
| Death Place: | Skövde, Sweden |
| Weight: | 90kg (200lb) |
| Sport: | Athletics |
| Event: | Shot put |
| Club: | Falköpings AIK |
| Pb: | 15.92 m (1948) |
| Show-Medals: | yes |
Gösta Arvidsson (21 August 1925 – 16 February 2012) was a Swedish shot putter who finished fifth at the 1948 Summer Olympics. He won the national title in 1950 and 1951, placing second in 1948.