Futuh al-Haramayn explained

Futuh al-Haramayn (a Handbook for Pilgrims to Mecca and Medina) is considered the first Islamic guidebook for pilgrimage.^[1] It was written by Muhi al-Din Lari and completed in India in 1505–6. The book was dedicated to Muzaffar ibn Mahmudshah, the ruler of Gujarat. No early illustrated Indian copies are known, but later in the 16th century it was widely copied in Ottoman Turkey. The book describes the full rituals of the Hajj in order, and describes the religious sites one can visit.^{[2] [3]}

Manuscripts

More than twenty manuscripts of the Futuh are known to exist.^[4]

Institution	Inventory number	Origin	Date	Size	Notes
Chester Beatty Library	Per 192	Iran	1525-1550		^[5]
National Museum, New Delhi	55.73/1357	Gujarat	1548		^[6]
Topkapı Saray Museum	R. 916		circa 1550
Topkapı Saray Museum	R. 917	Turkey	circa 1550
Metropolitan Museum of Art	32.131	Turkey	mid 16th century		^[7]
Metropolitan Museum of Art	2009.343	Bukhara	16th century		^[8]
Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage	MSS 1038	Mecca	1582	42 folios	^[9]
Chester Beatty Library	Per 245	Mecca	1595		^[10]
Chester Beatty Library	Per 249	Mecca	late 16th century
Royal Ontario Museum	967.270	Mecca	early 17th century		^[11]
Bibliothèque nationale de France	Persan 237	Mecca	undated, attributed to early 17th century		^[12]
British Library	Or 343	Iran	17th century	41 folios	^[13]
Metropolitan Museum of Art	2008.251	India	1678		^[14]
Bibliothèque nationale de France	SP 1340		18th century	20 folios	^[15]
Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage	MSS 1274	India	18th – early 19th century	40 folios	^[16]
Leiden University Library	Or. 14.620		undated	45 folios	^[17]

Notes and References

1. Web site: Futuh al-Haramayn (Description of the Holy Cities). 2021-07-23. www.metmuseum.org.
2. Web site: Futuh al-Haramayn (Description of the Holy Cities). 2021-07-23. www.metmuseum.org.
3. Book: J.M. Rogers, The Arts of Islam. Masterpieces from the Khalili Collection, cat.285. 2010. 978-0500515549. London. 250–51. Rogers . J. M. .
4. Book: Milstein, Rachel . Mamluks and Ottomans: Studies in Honour of Michael Winter . 2013-06-17 . Routledge . 978-1-136-57917-2 . Wasserstein . David J. . 166 . en . Futuh-i Haramayn: Sixteenth-century illustrations of the Hajj route . Ayalon . Ami.
5. Book: Revelations of the two Holy Sanctuaries (Futūḥ al-Ḥaramayn), by Muḥyī al-dīn 'Abd al-Raḥmān al-Lārī (d. 1527) . . Chester Beatty Library .
6. Web site: Futuh al-Haramayn . . Google Arts&Culture .
7. Web site: Futuh al-Haramain (Description of the Holy Cities) . 2022-11-21 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
8. Web site: Futuh al-Haramayn (Description of the Holy Cities) . 2022-11-21 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
9. Web site: Islamic Art Futuh al-Haramayn (a Handbook for Pilgrims to Mecca and Medina) of Muhyi Lari . 2022-11-21 . Khalili Collections . en-US.
10. Web site: Arafat . . Google Arts&Culture .
11. Web site: A Handbook for Pilgrims to Mecca and Medina (Futuh al-Haramayn) . 2022-11-21 . collections.rom.on.ca . en.
12. Web site: France, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département des manuscrits, Persan 237 Biblissima . 2022-11-21 . portail.biblissima.fr.
13. Web site: A guide book for pilgrims, including a 17th-century depiction of the Holy Shrine of Mecca . 2022-11-21 . British Library . 21 November 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221121114806/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/futuh-al-haramayn . dead .
14. Web site: Muhi al-Din Lari Futuh al-Haramayn (Description of the Holy Cities) . 2022-11-21 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art . en.
15. Web site: Supplément Persan 1340 . 2022-11-21 . archivesetmanuscrits.bnf.fr.
16. Web site: Hajj and The Arts of Pilgrimage Futuh al-Haramayn (a Handbook for Pilgrims to Mecca and Medina) of Muhyi al-Din Lari . 2022-11-21 . Khalili Collections . en-US.
17. Book: Witkam, Jan Just . Inventory of the Oriental Manuscripts of the Library of the University of Leiden . Ter Lugt Press . 2007 . 15 . 277 . 21 November 2022 . 21 September 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220921012727/http://www.islamicmanuscripts.info/inventories/leiden/or15000.pdf . dead .