| Birth Date: | 19 March 1888 |
| Birth Place: | Berlin, Germany |
| Office1: | Ministerial roles |
| Suboffice1: | Minister without Portfolio |
| Subterm1: | 1951–1952 |
| Suboffice2: | Minister of Agriculture |
| Subterm2: | 1952–1955 |
| Suboffice3: | Minister of Trade and Industry |
| Subterm3: | 1955 |
| Suboffice4: | Minister without Portfolio |
| Subterm4: | 1955–1959 |
| Suboffice5: | Minister of Welfare |
| Subterm5: | 1959 |
| Office6: | Faction represented in the Knesset |
| Suboffice6: | Mapai |
| Subterm6: | 1949–1959 |
Peretz Naftali (Hebrew: פרץ נפתלי, 19 March 1888 – 30 April 1961) was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician who served in several ministerial portfolios in the 1950s.
Born Fritz Naftali in Berlin in 1888, he joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1911. He served in the German Army between 1911 and 1912, after which he started to work as a journalist on economic affairs, returning to the army for a spell in 1917–18 to fight in World War I. In 1921, he became editor of the economics department of the Frankfurter Zeitung, a post he held until 1926, when he became head of the economic research department of a trade union. In 1921 he also published a book, How to read the Economic Section of the Newspaper, which was a bestseller.[1]
In 1925 he joined the Zionism movement, and in 1931 was a delegate to the Zionist Congress. He made aliyah in 1933, initially working as a lecturer at the Technion, before becoming director general of Bank Hapoalim in 1938, a post he held until 1949. Between 1941 and 1948 he served as a member of the Assembly of Representatives.
He was elected to the Knesset in 1949 on Mapai's list. After being re-elected in 1951 he was appointed Minister without Portfolio in David Ben-Gurion's government. In June 1952 he became Minister of Agriculture, a role he held until the 1955 elections, after which he reverted to being a Minister without Portfolio. In January 1959 he became Minister of Welfare, but lost his Knesset seat and place in the cabinet in the 1959 elections.