Friedrich Christian, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe (16 August 1655 – 13 June 1728) was the second ruler of the County of Schaumburg-Lippe.
He was born in Bückeburg, the son of Philip I, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe and Landgravine Sophie of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) (1615–1670).
He became Count on his father's death on 10 April 1681, and reigned until his death at Bückeburg. He was succeeded by his elder surviving son Albert Wolfgang.
He was married on 4 January 1691 at Langenburg to Countess Johanna Sophia of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1673–1743). They divorced in 1723. They had six children:
On 3 December 1725 at Brixen, he subsequently married his mistress, Maria Anna Victoria von Gall (1707–1760), daughter of Johann Michael von Gall and his wife, Maria Anna von Enzenberg.