Frestonia Explained

51.5104°N -0.2173°W

Frestonia was the name adopted for a couple of months by the squatters of Freston Road, London, when they attempted to stop a threatened eviction via secession from the United Kingdom. In 1974, two streets of tumbledown terraced Victorian cottages – Freston Road and Bramley Road – were broken into by squatters who rigged up electricity, water and makeshift roofs.[1] They playfully formed the Free and Independent Republic of Frestonia.[2] [3]

The residents were squatters, some of whom eventually set up a housing co-op in negotiation with Notting Hill Housing Trust after that landlord bought the street. Residents included artists, musicians, writers, actors and radical feminist activists.

Actor David Rappaport was the Foreign Minister, while playwright Heathcote Williams who occasionally visited a friend in the street, served as Ambassador to the United Kingdom.

Location

Frestonia consisted of a 1.8acres triangle of land (including communal gardens) formed by Freston Road, Bramley Road and Shalfleet Drive, W10,[4] which belonged at the time to the London Borough of Hammersmith. This land crosses the boundary of London postal districts W10 (Kensal Green) and W11 (Notting Hill), and now belongs to the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea.[5]

Prior to the construction of the Westway, Freston Road had been called Latimer Road, and the nearby tube station still bears the former name.[6]

Origins

Most of the residents of Freston Road were squatters, who moved into empty houses in the early 1970s.[7] The "Republic of Frestonia" continued to operate as a collective well into the 1980s, becoming a creative hub for writers, artists and musicians as well as cultural activists.[8] When the Greater London Council planned to redevelop the area, the 120 residents first all adopted the same surname of Bramley with the aim that the council would then have to re-house them collectively.[9]

Independence

The Council threatened formal eviction, so at a public meeting attended by 200 people, resident Nicholas Albery—inspired by both the 1949 Ealing comedy film Passport to Pimlico and a previous visit to Freetown Christiania in Copenhagen—suggested that they declare the street independent of the rest of the UK. A referendum returned 94% of residents in favour of the plan, and 73% in favour of joining the European Economic Community. Independence was declared on 31 October 1977. Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer Sir Geoffrey Howe wrote expressing his support, saying: "As one who had childhood enthusiasm for Napoleon of Notting Hill, I can hardly fail to be moved by your aspirations."[10] In a legal dispute regarding the unauthorised performance of his play The Immortalist, Heathcote Williams won a ruling from the UK courts that Frestonia was for this purpose not part of the UK.[11]

The state adopted the Latin motto Nos Sumus Una Familia—We are All One Family—and applied to join the United Nations,[12] at the same time warning that peacekeeping troops might be needed to keep the GLC at bay.[13]

Culture, communications, transport and economy

Frestonia had its own flag; postage stamps (which were honoured by the General Post Office), passport stamps for visitors, a national newspaper The Tribal Messenger,[14] as well as an art gallery, The Car Breaker Gallery.[15] [16]

The Car Breaker Gallery's exhibitors included Joe Rush of the Mutoid Waste Company,[13] Julie Umerle,[17] Brett Ewins, Giles Leaman[18] and Brendan McCarthy.[19] The gallery opened to the public at 4 Bramley Road on 14 December 1979.[20] In 1980, conceptual artist John Latham was a member of the audience at the private view of one of the performances presented there.[21] Professional lighting for the gallery was donated by Sandy Nairne, later to be Director of the National Portrait Gallery.[22]

Frestonia street art included a whale on Stoneleigh Street and a performance of Apocalypse Now on bicycles.[23]

In addition, there was a "National Theatre" at Frestonia which performed Heathcote Williams's The Immortalist. The Frestonian National Film Institute was also formed; its first screening being—appropriately—Passport to Pimlico and a film of the Sex Pistols.

Local transport was served by the Number 295 bus, and the London Underground, Latimer Road underground station being at the north end of Bramley Road.

There were even plans to introduce a currency.[24]

When the state celebrated its fifth anniversary in 1982, the population numbered 97 people occupying 23 houses. The same year, The Clash recorded their album Combat Rock in Ear Studios (also known as The People's Hall) in Frestonia. The Clash and Motörhead practised in the rehearsal studios there. Killing Joke and Girlschool also practised there.[25]

One third of the little tumbledown Victorian houses were squatted by young women from around the globe. Many gradually developed a shared feminist consciousness and began setting up creches, food co-ops and helping in the growing networks of women's refuges and legal advice agencies. The street became a hub for a while, for local anarcho feminist meetings and activism. One woman, Hilary, was the cook on the first Greenpeace Rainbow Warrior. Another, Lizzie, lived at Greenham Peace Camp, Marisa consolidated her career as an artist and Diane hers as a successful jazz musician. Everything seemed possible and everything was questioned. [26]

Decline and fall

Following international press coverage, the residents formed the Bramleys Housing Co-operative Ltd, which negotiated with Notting Hill Housing Trust for continued residence and acceptable redevelopment of the site. Some Frestonians were unhappy with the consequent loss of independence and moved away. According to Tony Sleep, a resident photographer[27] whose online photo-journal[28] documents the history of the area, those leaving were often replaced by people with drinking and drug problems. The remaining Frestonians proved incapable of maintaining the ideals of the Frestonian "nation", which consequently went into decline. In its place, a more conventional local community developed, without any claims to secession from the UK.

21 st century situation

As of 2016, Bramleys Housing Co-operative manages the properties owned and built on the Frestonia site by Notting Hill Housing Trust,[29] and its members live as a close-knit community. Some are children or grandchildren of the original Frestonians, although there has also been a significant influx of new residents.

A large new office development, also named Frestonia, was built on the adjacent site at the junction of Bramley Road and St Anns Road, and is occupied by the headquarters of Cath Kidston. In 2001, a second large office development also named Frestonia by its developers was erected at 125/135 Freston Road.[30]

In 2006, the Louise T Blouin Foundation was built in nearby Olaf Street.[31] The nearby 150,000 m2 Westfield London shopping complex opened in 2008.

Major developments occurred in 2007 with the completion of headquarters for Monsoon Accessorize and TalkTalk (2009) at the rear of 91–121 Freston Road.[32]

Cultural reactions

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. https://www.theoldie.co.uk/article/olden-life-what-was-frestonia "Olden Life: What was Frestonia?" Jane O'Grady. The Oldie. Dec 2018
  2. Web site: Freedom for Frestonia: the London commune that cut loose from the UK. John. Harris. 30 October 2017. The Guardian. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180618152247/https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2017/oct/30/frestonia-london-commune-squatters. 18 June 2018. live.
  3. Web site: Frestonia: the past is another country. 23 April 2015. Rbkclocalstudies.wordpress.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180618080314/https://rbkclocalstudies.wordpress.com/2015/04/23/frestonia-the-past-is-another-country/. 18 June 2018. live.
  4. Web site: Frestonia1983. 13 January 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070113124935/http://71.18.187.11/radicalweb/radicalconsultation/albery/frestonia.html. 15 August 2018. 13 January 2007.
  5. Web site: Google Maps. Google Maps. 15 August 2018.
  6. Book: Bebbington, Gillian. London Street Names. 1972. 193. Batsford.
  7. Web site: Cooke . Robin . Beneath the Mirror Ball . Australian Broadcasting Corporation . 4 June 2001 . 10 May 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090925170957/http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/dance/politics/04cooke.htm . 25 September 2009 . live .
  8. Thompson, Nick (2 November 2017), "In pictures: Frestonia the Notting Hill squat that formed its own state", Time Out. .
  9. Web site: Home – News, Entertainment, World Events Video – NBCUniversal Archives. NBCUniversal Archives. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304092342/http://www.nbcuniversalarchives.com/nbcuni/clip/5112799031_s08.do. 4 March 2016. live.
  10. Web site: Vague . Tom . Tom Vague . Getting it Straight in Notting Hill Gate 1958–2008: Subterania . HISTORYtalk . 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20041124193506/http://www.historytalk.org/Tom%20Vague%20Pop%20History/Tom%20Vague%20Pop%20History.htm . 24 November 2004 . 14 August 2007 . dead.
  11. Web site: The Eddie Woods Archive . American Literary Studies . Stanford University Library . 6 August 2007 . 14 August 2007 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080201112443/http://library.stanford.edu/depts/hasrg/ablit/amerlit/EWGeneral.htm . 1 February 2008.
  12. Web site: Radio review: From Frestonia to Belgravia – the History of Squatting. Elisabeth. Mahoney. 22 November 2011. The Guardian. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180716194753/https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/nov/22/from-frestonia-to-belgravia-review. 16 July 2018. live.
  13. Web site: PFF 2005. Portobellofilmfestival.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20170803161706/http://www.portobellofilmfestival.com/talkpics/talk-vague06.html. 3 August 2017. live.
  14. Web site: Tribal Messenger, No. 20, 22/09/1977 » The Republic of Frestonia. Frestonia.org. Rob. Kerr. 30 September 2016. 15 August 2018.
  15. Web site: IT – International Times Archive. Internationaltimes.it. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20170628155530/http://www.internationaltimes.it/archive/page.php?i=IT_1980-01-01_I-IT-Volume-5_Iss-5_005&view=text. 28 June 2017. live.
  16. http://www.nottingdale.co.uk/latest/history-corner-carbreaker-gallery "History Corner: CarBreaker Gallery"
  17. Web site: Solo Show of Abstract Paintings by Julie Umerle at The Carbreakers Gallery, 2 – 14 June 1980 » The Republic of Frestonia. Frestonia.org. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140519/http://www.frestonia.org/solo-show-of-abstract-paintings-by-julie-umerle-at-the-car-breaker-gallery-2-14-june-1980/. 12 June 2018. live.
  18. Web site: Splotches in Space » The Republic of Frestonia. Frestonia.org. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816065757/http://www.frestonia.org/splotches-in-space/. 16 August 2018. live.
  19. Web site: The Republic of Frestonia. Car Breaker Posters. Frestonia.org. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185501/http://www.frestonia.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Carbreaker_Posters.pdf. 3 March 2016. live.
  20. Web site: Car Breaker Art Gallery.. Frestonia.org. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185501/http://www.frestonia.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Carbreaker_Posters.pdf. 3 March 2016. live.
  21. Web site: Splotches in Space » The Republic of Frestonia. Frestonia.org. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816065757/http://www.frestonia.org/splotches-in-space/. 16 August 2018. live.
  22. Web site: Carbreakers Gallery Poster » The Republic of Frestonia. Frestonia.org. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140051/http://www.frestonia.org/carbreakers-gallery-poster/. 12 June 2018. live.
  23. Web site: Talking Pictures. Portobellofilmfestival.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20190324164236/http://portobellofilmfestival.com/talkpics/talk-2010art-01.html. 24 March 2019. live.
  24. Web site: Frestonia- News in Notting Hill. 15 September 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070915072116/http://www.portowebbo.co.uk/nottinghilltv/community-frestonia.htm. 15 August 2018. 15 September 2007.
  25. Web site: Frestonia declares its independence: It happened here. Time Out London. 15 August 2018 . 26 September 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070926215843/https://www.timeout.com/london/music/features/329.html.
  26. Web site: of 032 The Notting Hill Squatters Who Declared Independence from the UK. 28 October 2014. Vice.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20160804224247/http://www.vice.com/en_uk/read/republic-of-frestonia-tony-sleep-032. 4 August 2016. live.
  27. Web site: The Notting Hill Squatters Who Declared Independence from the UK. 28 October 2014. Vice.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816025758/https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/4w7pxq/republic-of-frestonia-tony-sleep-032. 16 August 2018. live.
  28. Web site: Welcome to Frestonia. Comprehensive history and archive of photographs from Frestonia, by Tony Sleep, a resident photographer. Tonysleep.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816125755/http://www.tonysleep.com/frestonia/. 16 August 2018. live.
  29. Web site: Notting Hill Genesis. Notting Hill Genesis. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20160805020546/http://www.nottinghillhousing.org.uk/. 5 August 2016. live.
  30. Web site: Frestonia.com. Frestonia.co.uk. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20071008212859/http://www.frestonia.co.uk/. 8 October 2007. live.
  31. Web site: Art and London psychogeography: Louise T. Blouin finds herself in Frestonia. Hughpearman.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20171030195059/http://hughpearman.com/art-and-london-psychogeography-louise-t-blouin-finds-herself-in-frestonia/. 30 October 2017. dead.
  32. Web site: Planning Search. Rbkc.gov.uk. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20110718225014/http://www.rbkc.gov.uk/Planning/scripts/acolaidform.asp. 18 July 2011. live.
  33. Web site: LIFF • London Independent Film Festival • New Website COMING SOON! Submissions OPEN for 2019!. Liff.org. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816025603/http://www.liff.org/pr2014. 16 August 2018. dead.
  34. Web site: Art Monthly : Magazine : Issue : 393 February 2016. Artmonthly.co.uk. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816025550/http://www.artmonthly.co.uk/magazine/site/issue/february-2016. 16 August 2018. live.
  35. Web site: Nathan Coley. to The Bramley Family of Frestonia. Studioathancoley.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20160818092940/http://studionathancoley.com/works/to-the-bramley-family-of-frestonia-book. 18 August 2016. dead.
  36. https://www.artlyst.com/news/turner-prize-nominee-gifts-sculptures-to-west-london-estate-residents/ "Turner Prize Nominee Gifts Sculptures to West London Estate Residents"
  37. Web site: Nathan Coley – Books – Frestonia. Parafin.co.uk. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816061715/http://www.parafin.co.uk/nathan-coley--books--frestonia.html. 16 August 2018. live.
  38. Web site: Meet the pyrotechnics crew behind Glastonbury's fire-spitting spiders. 7 July 2015. Factmag.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816025635/http://www.factmag.com/2015/07/07/arcadia-interview/. 16 August 2018. live.
  39. Web site: PORTOBELLO FILM FESTIVAL LONDON. Portobellofilmfestival.com. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816110139/http://www.portobellofilmfestival.com/. 16 August 2018. live.
  40. Web site: About. Frestonian Gallery. 15 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180816061559/http://www.frestoniangallery.com/about/. 16 August 2018. live.
  41. Web site: Republic of Frestonia: How squatters in a 1970s London street declared independence from the UK. David . Barnett. . 31 August 2018 . 3 October 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181003220849/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/frestonia-squatters-london-declare-independence-uk-1970s-free-independent-a8514576.html . 3 October 2018 . live .
  42. https://www.kcaw.co.uk/we-are-one-family-blm Kensington and Chelsea Art Week. "We Are One Family"
  43. https://coventry2021.co.uk/what-s-on/home-arts-homelessness-festival-the-ruff-tuff-cream-puff-estate-agency "Arts & Homelessness Festival: Ruff Tuff Cream Puff Estate Agency"

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