Fresno County, California Explained

Fresno County, California
Official Name:County of Fresno
Settlement Type:County
Named For:The city of Fresno (Spanish for "ash tree")
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name:United States
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1:California
Subdivision Type2:Region
Subdivision Name2:San Joaquin Valley
Subdivision Type3:Metro area
Subdivision Name3:Fresno–Madera
Seat Type:County seat
Seat:Fresno
Seat1 Type:Largest city
Seat1:Fresno
Parts Type:Incorporated cities
Parts:15
Unit Pref:US
Area Total Sq Mi:6011
Area Land Sq Mi:5958
Area Water Sq Mi:53
Elevation Max Footnotes:[1]
Elevation Max Ft:14248
Government Type:Council–CAO
Governing Body:Board of Supervisors
Leader Title1:Chair
Leader Name1:Sal Quintero
Leader Title2:Vice Chair
Leader Name2:Nathan Magsig
Leader Title3:Board of Supervisors[2]
Leader Title4:County Administrative Officer
Leader Name4:Paul Nerland
Population As Of:2020 Census
Population Footnotes:[3]
Population Total:1,008,654
Population Density Sq Mi:auto
Demographics Type2:Gross Domestic Product
Demographics2 Footnotes:[4]
Demographics2 Title1:Total
Demographics2 Info1:US$45.388 billion (2022)
Established Title:Incorporated
Established Date:1856
Coordinates:36.75°N -119.65°W
Timezone:Pacific
Utc Offset:-8
Timezone Dst:Pacific Daylight Time
Utc Offset Dst:-7
Area Code Type:Area code
Area Code:559
Image Map1:Map of California highlighting Fresno County.svg
Mapsize1:200px
Map Caption1:Location in the state of California
Blank Name Sec1:FIPS code
Blank Info Sec1:06-019
Blank1 Name Sec1:GNIS feature ID
Blank Name Sec2:Congressional districts
Blank Info Sec2:5th, 13th, 20th, 21st

Fresno County, officially the County of Fresno, is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 1,008,654.[3] [5] The county seat is Fresno,[6] the fifth-most populous city in California.

Fresno County comprises the Fresno, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Fresno–Madera, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Central Valley, south of Stockton and north of Bakersfield. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno County's and the entire Central Valley's water security.[7] [8]

History

The area now known as Fresno County was the traditional homeland of Yokuts and Mono peoples, and was later settled by Spaniards during a search for suitable mission sites. In 1846, this area became part of the United States as a result of the Mexican War.

Fresno County was formed in 1856 from parts of Mariposa, Merced and Tulare counties. Fresno is Spanish for "ash tree"[9] and it was in recognition of the abundance of the shrubby local ash, Fraxinus dipetala, growing along the San Joaquin River that it received its name. Parts of Fresno County's territory were given to Mono County in 1861 and to Madera County in 1893. The original county seat was along the San Joaquin River in Millerton, but was moved to the rapidly growing town of Fresno on the newly built Southern Pacific Railroad line. A special election was held on March 23, 1874, to decide if Millerton should remain the County Seat or if the County Seat should be moved to another location. Fresno won the election that day and became the new Fresno County Seat.

The settling of Fresno County was not without its conflicts, land disputes, and other natural disasters. Floods caused immeasurable damage elsewhere and fires also plagued the settlers of Fresno County. In 1882, the greatest of the early day fires wiped out an entire block of the city of Fresno, and was followed by another devastating blaze in 1883.

At the same time residents brought irrigation, electricity, and extensive agriculture to the area. In 1865, William Helm brought his sheep to Fresno county, which was then a vast space of open land. Helm was the largest individual sheep grower in Fresno County. Moses Church developed the first canals, called "Church Ditches," for irrigation. These canals allowed extensive cultivation of wheat. Francis Eisen, leader of the wine industry in Fresno County, also began the raisin industry in 1875, when he accidentally let some of his grapes dry on the vine. Anthony Easterby and Clovis Cole developed extensive grain and cattle ranches. These and other citizens laid the groundwork for the cultivation of Fresno County – now one of the nation's leading agricultural regions. In more recent times cotton became a major crop in Fresno and the southern San Joaquin Valley, but recent drought and lower demand have lessened cotton's importance to the local economy.

The discovery of oil in the western part of the county, near the town of Coalinga at the foot of the Coast Ranges, brought about an economic boom in the 1900s (decade), even though the field itself was known at least as early as the 1860s. By 1910, Coalinga Oil Field, the largest field in Fresno County, was the most richly productive oil field in California; a dramatic oil gusher in 1909, the biggest in California up until that time, was an event of sufficient excitement to cause the Los Angeles Stock Exchange to close for a day so that its members could come by train to view it. The Coalinga field continues to produce oil, and is currently the eighth-largest field in the state.[10] [11]

More than thirty structures in Fresno County are on the National Register of Historic Places, including the Fresno Water Tower, which once held over 250000USgal of water for the city of Fresno, the Meux Home, and Kearney Mansion Museum.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of, of which is land and (0.9%) is water.[12]

Fresno County consists of about 38 smaller towns including Fresno, Selma, Parlier, Clovis, Reedly, Sanger, Kerman, Kingsburg, Coalinga, Firebaugh, Calwa, Friant, Mendota, Fowler, Shaver lake, San Joaquin, Orange Cove, Del Ray, Yokuts Valley, Auberry, Huron, Caruthers, Riverdale, Laton, Big Creek, Tranquility, Biola, Raisin City, Easton, Three Rocks, Cantou Creek, Lanare, Minkler, Mayfair, Malaga, Bowles, Monmouth, and West Park.[13] [14]

Major watercourses are the San Joaquin River, Kings River, Delta-Mendota Canal, Big Creek, Friant Kern Canal, Helm Canal and Madera Canal. It is bordered on the west by the Coast Range and on the east by the Sierra Nevada. It is the center of a large agricultural area, known as the most agriculturally rich county in the United States. The county withdrew 3.7e9USgal of fresh water per day in 2000, more than any other county in the United States. In recent years, statewide droughts in California have further strained both Fresno's and the entire Central Valley's water security.[7] [8]

Fresno County is part of the Madera AVA wine region. However, Fresno was named after two particular ash trees that grew near the town of Minkler on the Kings River, one of which is still alive and standing.

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Geology

A number of minerals have been discovered in the county, including macdonaldite, krauskopfite, walstromite, fresnoite, verplanckite, muirite, traskite, and kampfite.[15] [16]

In October 2019, the Bureau of Land Management ended a five-year moratorium on leasing federal land in California to fossil fuel companies, opening 725,000 acres (1100 sq. miles; 29,000 ha) to drilling in San Benito, Monterey, and Fresno counties.

Demographics

2020 census

Fresno County, California - Demographic Profile
(NH = Non-Hispanic)!Race / Ethnicity!Pop 2010[17] !Pop 2020[18] !% 2010!% 2020
White alone (NH)304,522271,88932.73%26.96%
Black or African American alone (NH)45,00544,2954.84%4.39%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)5,9796,0740.64%0.60%
Asian alone (NH)86,856109,6659.33%10.87%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)1,0661,2330.11%0.12%
Some Other Race alone (NH)1,7445,2090.19%0.52%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH)17,20829,5461.85%2.93%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)468,070540,74350.31%53.61%
Total930,4501,008,654100.00%100.00%
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

2010 Census

The racial makeup of Fresno County was 515,145 (55.4%) White, 49,523 (5.3%) African American, 15,649 (1.7%) Native American, 89,357 (9.6%) Asian (3.3% Hmong, 1.7% Asian Indian, 1.0% Filipino, 0.8% Laotian, 0.6% Chinese, 0.5% Japanese, 0.5% Cambodian, 0.3% Vietnamese, 0.2% Korean, 0.1% Pakistani, 0.1% Thai), 1,405 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 217,085 (23.3%) from other races, and 42,286 (4.5%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 468,070 persons (50.3%). 46.0% of Fresno County's population is of Mexican descent; 0.7% of its residents are Salvadoran, and 0.3% of its residents are Puerto Rican.

2000

As of the census[19] of 2000, there were 799,407 people, 252,940 households, and 186,669 families residing in the county. The population density was 134/mi2. There were 270,767 housing units at an average density of 45/mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 54.3% White, 5.3% Black or African American, 1.6% Native American, 8.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 25.9% from other races, and 4.7% from two or more races. 44.0% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. In terms of ancestry, the county was 7.5% German, 6.6% Irish, 6.3% English ancestry according to Census 2000. 59.3% spoke English, 31.5% Spanish and 3.1% Hmong as their first language.

There were 252,940 households, out of which 41.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.5% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.2% were non-families. 20.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.09 and the average family size was 3.59.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 32.1% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 18.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 100.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,725, and the median income for a family was $38,455. Males had a median income of $33,375 versus $26,501 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,495. About 17.6% of families and 22.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.7% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over.

Fresno County is also known for having the highest rate of chlamydia in the state. In 2006 it had 545.2 cases per 100,000 people, compared with the statewide average of 363.5.

Metropolitan Statistical Area

The United States Office of Management and Budget has designated Fresno County as the Fresno, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.[20] The United States Census Bureau ranked the Fresno, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area as the 56th most populous metropolitan statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012.[21]

The Office of Management and Budget has further designated the Fresno, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area as a component of the more extensive Fresno–Madera, CA Combined Statistical Area,[20] the 49th most populous combined statistical area and the 55th most populous primary statistical area of the United States as of July 1, 2012.[21] [22]

Government and policing

Government

The Government of Fresno County is defined and authorized under the California Constitution, law, and the Charter of the County of Fresno. Much of the Government of California is in practice the responsibility of county governments, such as the Government of Fresno County. The County government provides countywide services such as elections and voter registration, law enforcement, jails, vital records, property records, tax collection, public health, and social services. In addition the County serves as the local government for all unincorporated areas.

The County government is composed of the elected five-member Board of Supervisors, several other elected offices including the Sheriff,[23] District Attorney, Assessor-Recorder, Auditor-Controller/Treasurer-Tax Collector, and Clerk/Registrar of Voters, and numerous county departments and entities under the supervision of the County Administrator. As of February 2018 the members of the Fresno County Board of Supervisors are:[24]

Policing

County Sheriff

The Fresno County Sheriff provides court protection, jail administration, and coroner services for all of Fresno County and its population of approximately of 994,400 residents. They operate the Fresno County Jail in downtown Fresno. The department provides police patrol and detective services for the unincorporated areas of the county which encompasses approximately 250,000 residents, or 25% of the county's total population. The department also provides law enforcement services by contract with the city of San Joaquin, population 4100.

Municipal police

Municipal police departments in the county are: Fresno, population 500,000; Clovis, 110,000; Sanger, 25,000; Reedley, 24,000;Selma, 23,000; Coalinga, 17,000; Kerman, 14,000; Kingsburg, 12,000; Huron, 7,000; Firebaugh, 8,500; Fowler, 6,500.

Politics

Overview

Fresno County's voter registration shows a majority of Democratic voters.[25] Presidential elections have been competitive in recent decades. In 2020, Joe Biden became the first Democratic presidential candidate since Lyndon Johnson in 1964 to win a majority of the vote in Fresno County.

The cities of Clovis, Coalinga, and Kingsburg voted overwhelmingly for Governor Mitt Romney. Reedley did so by much lesser margins and is now a GOP-leaning "swing" city in the county. Huron, Mendota, Orange Cove, Parlier, Fowler, Firebaugh, Fresno, Kerman, Sanger, Selma and San Joaquin voted overwhelmingly for President Barack Obama in 2008 and 2012.

According to the California Secretary of State, in October 2012 there were 410,188 registered voters in Fresno County. 158,267 (38.6%) were registered Republican, 164,663 (40.1%) were registered Democratic, 19,841 (4.8%) are registered with other political parties, and 67,417 (16.4%) declined to state a political party. Republicans have a plurality or majority of voter roll registration in the cities of Clovis, Coalinga, Kingsburg, Reedley, and the unincorporated areas. The other cities and towns have Democratic pluralities or majorities.

From Fresno County's incorporation in 1856, it voted Democratic in every election until the 1904 election in California, when President Theodore Roosevelt stood for re-election. Fresno County backed Roosevelt over his Democratic opponent Alton B. Parker. This did not immediately change the county's voting tendencies, however. It supported southern Democrat Woodrow Wilson in the elections of 1912 and 1916.

Fresno County was generally Republican from the onset of the "roaring 1920s" until the Great Depression, when former President Franklin D. Roosevelt forged the New Deal Coalition that benefitted the agrarian county. From 1932 till 1976 the county consistently voted Democratic, barring Richard Nixon's landslide victory over former Senator George McGovern (D-SD) in the 1972 Presidential Election.

With former President Jimmy Carter's defeat by former President Reagan, Fresno became a GOP-leaning swing county: it barely favored Reagan's successor former President George Bush and voted Democratic for Bill Clinton only in his 1992 presidential bid. Republicans won elections in Fresno County by increasing margins from 1996 to 2004, but when the GOP lost ground with Hispanic voters after 2004, the county swung Democratic, voting twice for Barack Obama, and then for Hillary Clinton in 2016. Until the 2020 election, with Joe Biden winning nearly 53% of the vote, the last time the Democratic nominee won with an absolute majority of the vote was the 1964 election.

In the United States House of Representatives, Fresno County is split among four congressional districts:[26]

In the California State Senate, the county is split among 3 legislative districts:[31]

In the California State Assembly, Fresno County is split between, and .[32]

Fresno tends to remain socially conservative while being more moderate on economic issues, which can be seen in Fresno's support for socially conservative proposition amendments but occasionally voting for a Democratic Presidential Candidate if economic times are poor such as former President Bill Clinton's victory over incumbent former President George H.W. Bush in 1992 and President Barack Obama over Senator John McCain in 2008.

As of 2022, elections for president lean Democratic. Statewide races have historically been competitive. Elections for governor are considered safe for Republicans. This is a somewhat unusual difference in voting patterns for a California county. For example, although Fresno County gave a majority of its votes to Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election and has voted for the Democrat running for president ever since 2008, it voted “Yes” in the 2021 California gubernatorial recall election and has voted for the Republican candidate for governor in every election since 1978.

On November 4, 2008, Fresno County voted 68.6% for Proposition 8, which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages.

Voter registration statistics

Cities by population and voter registration

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Economy

Agriculture

Agriculture is the primary industry in Fresno County. 1.88e6acre are under cultivation, almost half the total county area of 3.84e6acre. Ag production totaled $7.98 billion in 2017, making it the number one agricultural county in the nation. Over 300 different crops are grown here. Major crops and livestocks include:

The grape harvest brought in $1,046,356,645 in 2017. Production is chronically threatened by the presence of the Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter and the disease it carries, Pierce's Disease.[39] [40] [41] [42] See Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter in California and Pierce's Disease in California.

Pistachio production in the United States was 523,900 MT in 2021, with 40% of that number being from Fresno, California. [43] [44]

The peach harvest was worth $264,139,238 in 2017.[45]

Fresno is the second highest cotton producer in the state, harvesting 223,443 bales in 2017. This is a close second to neighboring Kings.[46]

Due to its tremendous agricultural success, the county also has a tremendous problem with glyphosate resistance. Okada et al., 2013 finds a high degree of resistance in Marestail (Conyza canadensis).[47]

Companies based in Fresno County

Major employers

Commercial/Industrial
Government
Healthcare
Nonprofits (community-based organizations)

Education

Tertiary education

Educational institutions in Fresno County include:

Within the California Community Colleges System, Fresno County is mostly covered by the State Center Community College District and the West Hills Community College District. The following campuses are in Fresno County:[50]

K-12 education

School districts include:[51]

K-12:

Secondary:

Elementary:

Public libraries

In addition, the Fresno County Public Library operates public libraries throughout the county.

Transportation

Major highways

Rail

Airports

Commercial service
General Aviation

Public transportation

Attractions

Communities

Cities

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Fresno County.[52]

† county seat

RankCity/Town/etc.Municipal typePopulation (2010 Census)
1† Fresno City494,665
2Clovis City95,631
3Sanger City24,270
4Reedley City24,194
5Selma City23,219
6Parlier City14,494
7Kerman City13,544
8Coalinga City13,380
9Kingsburg City11,382
10Mendota City11,014
11Orange Cove City9,078
12Firebaugh City7,549
13Huron City6,754
14Fowler City5,570
15Old Fig Garden CDP5,365
16Mayfair CDP4,589
17Sunnyside CDP4,235
18San Joaquin City4,001
19Tarpey Village CDP3,888
20Squaw Valley CDP3,162
21Riverdale CDP3,153
22Caruthers CDP2,497
23Auberry CDP2,369
24Easton CDP2,083
25Calwa CDP2,052
26Laton CDP1,824
27Del Rey CDP1,639
28Biola CDP1,623
29West Park CDP1,157
30Minkler CDP1,003
31Malaga CDP947
32Tranquillity CDP799
33Shaver Lake CDP634
34Lanare CDP589
35Friant CDP509
36Cantua Creek CDP466
37Centerville CDP392
38Raisin City CDP380
39Three Rocks CDP246
40Fort Washington CDP233
41Cold Springs Rancheria[53] AIAN184
42Big Creek CDP175
43Bowles CDP166
44Monmouth CDP152
45Big Sandy Rancheria[54] AIAN118
46Table Mountain Rancheria[55] AIAN64

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: North Palisade . Peakbagger.com . March 27, 2015.
  2. Web site: Board of Supervisors | County of Fresno .
  3. Web site: Star. Indianapolis. Fresno County, California Demographics and Housing 2020 Decennial Census. February 13, 2022. Indianapolis Star. en.
  4. Web site: Gross Domestic Product by County and Metropolitan Area, 2022. . www.bea.gov.
  5. Web site: Fresno County, California. United States Census Bureau. January 30, 2022.
  6. Web site: Find a County . June 7, 2011 . National Association of Counties . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx . May 31, 2011 .
  7. Web site: Groundwater Management and Drought: An Interview with the San Joaquin Valley Partnership . water.ca.gov . May 1, 2022.
  8. News: Southern California gets drastic water cutbacks amid drought. What's next for Sacramento? . Michael . Mcgough . April 29, 2022 . . May 1, 2022 . May 13, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230513093435/https://amp.sacbee.com/news/california/water-and-drought/article260869722.html . dead .
  9. Book: The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States . Govt. Print. Off. . Gannett, Henry . 1905 . 132.
  10. http://www.coalingachamber.com/history.html History of the Coalinga area
  11. https://web.archive.org/web/20170525054318/ftp://ftp.consrv.ca.gov/pub/oil/annual_reports/2006/0102stats_06.pdf California Department of Conservation, Oil and Gas Statistics, Annual Report, December 31, 2006
  12. Web site: US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990. United States Census Bureau. April 23, 2011. February 12, 2011.
  13. Web site: List of Towns and Cities in Fresno County, California, United States, Maps and Steet Views, Geographic.org . December 6, 2023 . geographic.org.
  14. Web site: Fresno County · California . December 6, 2023 . Fresno County · California . en.
  15. Alfors. John T.. Seven new barium minerals from eastern Fresno County, California. American Mineralogist. March–April 1965. 50. 314–340.
  16. 4. Basciano. Laurel C.. Groat. Lee A.. Roberts. Andrew C.. Grice. Joel D.. Dunning. Gail E.. Foord. Eugene E.. Kjarsgaard. Ingrid M.. Walstrom. Robert E.. Kampfite, a new barium silicate carbonate mineral species from Fresno County, California. The Canadian Mineralogist. 2001. 39. 4. 1053–1058. 10.2113/gscanmin.39.4.1053. 10.1.1.553.8742.
  17. Web site: P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Fresno County, California. United States Census Bureau.
  18. Web site: P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Fresno County, California. United States Census Bureau.
  19. Web site: U.S. Census website . . May 14, 2011 .
  20. Web site: OMB Bulletin No. 13-01: Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas. February 28, 2013. National Archives. Office of Management and Budget. March 20, 2013.
  21. Web site: Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130401093220/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/metro/totals/2012/tables/CBSA-EST2012-01.csv . dead . April 1, 2013 . . 2012 Population Estimates . United States Census Bureau, Population Division . March 2013 . March 20, 2013 .
  22. Web site: Table 2. Annual Estimates of the Population of Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012. CSV. 2012 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. March 2013. March 20, 2013. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130517083619/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/metro/totals/2012/tables/CBSA-EST2012-02.csv. May 17, 2013.
  23. Web site: Longtime Fresno County Coroner Retires as Controversy Still Simmers . March 28, 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150402095116/http://www.fresnobee.com/2014/12/26/4303331/longtime-fresno-county-coroner.html . April 2, 2015 .
  24. Web site: County of Fresno – Board of Supervisors . Fresno County . May 28, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150327214902/http://www.co.fresno.ca.us/Departments.aspx?id=122 . March 27, 2015 . dead .
  25. Web site: Fresno County Secretary of State Statement of Certification. June 16, 2018. May 17, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230517012739/https://www.co.fresno.ca.us/home/showdocument?id=26311. dead.
  26. Web site: Counties by County and by District . California Citizens Redistricting Commission . September 24, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20130930184128/http://wedrawthelines.ca.gov/downloads/meeting_handouts_072011/handouts_20110729_q2_cd_finaldraft_splits.zip . September 30, 2013. dead . mdy-all.
  27. September 24, 2014.
  28. September 24, 2014.
  29. September 24, 2014.
  30. September 24, 2014.
  31. Web site: Communities of Interest — County . California Citizens Redistricting Commission . September 28, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20151023054153/http://wedrawthelines.ca.gov/downloads/meeting_handouts_072011/handouts_20110729_q2_sd_finaldraft_splits.zip . October 23, 2015. dead . mdy-all.
  32. Web site: Communities of Interest — County . California Citizens Redistricting Commission . September 28, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20151023054757/http://wedrawthelines.ca.gov/downloads/meeting_handouts_072011/handouts_20110729_q2_ad_finaldraft_splits.zip . October 23, 2015. dead . mdy-all.
  33. State of California. Department of Finance. Forecasting. Demographics. "E-1 Population Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State — January 1, 2019 and 2020" http://dof.ca.gov/Forecasting/Demographics/Estimates/E-1/ . Retrieved November 12, 2020.
  34. County of Fresno. Registrar of Voters. October 19, 2020 - Statement of Registration Certification . Retrieved November 12, 2020.
  35. Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
  36. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  37. Office of the Attorney General, Department of Justice, State of California. Table 11: Crimes – 2009 . Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  38. Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.
  39. Web site: September 9, 2022 . 2011 . . Glassy Winged Sharpshooter . September 9, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220909193739/https://www.co.fresno.ca.us/departments/agricultural-commissioner/glassy-winged-sharpshooter-dmi . dead .
  40. Web site: July 13, 2022 . PDCP - Glassy-winged Sharpshooter . CDFA (California Department of Food and Agriculture) .
  41. Web site: September 9, 2022 . PDCP - Maps . CDFA .
  42. Web site: September 9, 2022 . 2021 . . 2021 Virtual Lodi Grape Day.
  43. Web site: FAOSTAT . January 27, 2024 . www.fao.org.
  44. Web site: Fresno leads nation in almond, pistachio production . January 27, 2024 . www.farmprogress.com . en.
  45. Web site: FCFB . FCFB .
  46. Web site: July 29, 2022 . 2017 . National Agricultural Statistics Service - 2017 Census of Agriculture - Volume 1, Chapter 1: State Level Data . .
  47. 2018 . 1 . John Wiley & Sons Ltd (Cambridge Philosophical Society) . . 1464-7931 . 94 . 135–155 . Hawkins . Nichola . Bass . Chris . Dixon . Andrea . Neve . Paul . The evolutionary origins of pesticide resistance . 10.1111/brv.12440 . 6378405 . 29971903 . NH . 2013 . 11 . 29 . 649–658 . . . 0168-9525 . Valerie . Marie . Christophe . Corre . Jasieniuk . Delye . Deciphering the evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds . 23830583 . 10.1016/j.tig.2013.06.001. These reviews cite Okada: 2013 . 5 . 6 . 761–777 . . Marie . Steven . Charles . Anil . Yanhui . Kurt . Bradley . Miki . Wright . Stewart . Shrestha . Peng . Hembree . Hanson . . 1752-4571 . Okada . Jasieniuk . Evolution and spread of glyphosate resistance in Conyza canadensis in California . 29387164 . 5779124 . 10.1111/eva.12061.
  48. News: Purchase of Pelco seen as positive move for the industry . CLB MEDIA INC . SP&T News . January 5, 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071012183949/http://www.sptnews.ca/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=726&Itemid=9 . October 12, 2007.
  49. Web site: fresnoregfoundation.org . fresnoregfoundation.org . February 16, 2013.
  50. Web site: College Listings . California Community Colleges Chancellor's Office . January 23, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100121000058/http://cccco.edu/CommunityColleges/CommunityCollegeListings/CollegeListingsAlphabetical/tabid/643/Default.aspx . January 21, 2010. mdy.
  51. Web site: 2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Fresno County, CA. U.S. Census Bureau. July 24, 2022. - Text list
  52. Web site: Decennial Census by Decades . February 10, 2013 .
  53. https://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=0720
  54. https://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=0265
  55. https://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=4110

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Fresno County, California".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.