Francophone Canadians (or French-speaking Canadians; French: Les Canadiens francophones) are citizens of Canada who speak French. In 2011, 9,809,155 people in Canada, or 30.1 percent[1] of the population, were Francophone, including 7,274,090 people, or 22 percent of the population, who declared that they had French as their mother tongue.[2]
Six million French-speaking Canadians reside in Quebec, where they constitute the main linguistic group, and another one million reside in other Canadian regions. The largest portion of Francophones outside Quebec live in Ontario, followed by New Brunswick, but they can be found in all provinces and territories.[3] The presence of French in Canada comes mainly from French colonization in America that occurred in the 16th to 18th centuries.
Francophones in Canada are not all of French Canadian or French descent, particularly in the English-speaking provinces of Ontario and Western Canada. A few Canadians of French Canadian or French origin are also not Francophone.
Unlike Francophones in Quebec, who generally identify simply as Québécois, Francophones outside Quebec generally identify as Francophone Canadians (e.g. Franco-Ontarians, Franco-Manitobans, etc.), the exception being Acadians, who constitute their own cultural group and live in Acadia, in the Maritime provinces. New Brunswick is Canada's only officially-bilingual province.[4] All three territories (the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) include French among their official languages.[5] [6] [7]
| Demonym | scope=col | Number of Francophones | scope=col | Percentage of the population | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| scope=row | Alberta | Franco-Albertans | 2.2% | ||
| scope=row | British Columbia | Franco-Columbian | 1.6% | ||
| scope=row | Prince Edward Island | Acadiens | 4.1% | ||
| scope=row | Manitoba | Franco-Manitobains | 4.0% | ||
| scope=row | New Brunswick | Acadiens & Brayons | 31.6% | ||
| scope=row | Nova Scotia | Acadiens | 3.8% | ||
| scope=row | Nunavut | Franco-Nunavois | 1.4% | ||
| scope=row | Ontario | Franco-Ontarien | 4.4% | ||
| scope=row | Québec | Québécois | 85.5% | ||
| scope=row | Saskatchewan | Fransaskois | 1.9% | ||
| scope=row | Newfoundland and Labrador | Franco-Terreneuviens | 0.6% | ||
| scope=row | Northwest Territories | Franco-Ténois | 2.9% | ||
| scope=row | Yukon | Franco-Yukonnais | 4.8% |
This article has been partially or totally translated from the French-language article Canadiens francophones.