The Freedmen massacres were a series of attacks on African-Americans which occurred in the states of the former Confederacy during Reconstruction, in the aftermath of the American Civil War. Many of these incidents were the result of a struggle over political power, especially after the voting rights of freedmen were protected through the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.[1] Robert Smalls estimated that overall 53,000 African-American were killed in post-war racial terrorism, an estimate increasingly considered plausible by historians.[2]
| Incident | Year | Month | State | County or parish | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1866 | 05 | Tennessee | Shelby | |||
| 1866 | 07 | Louisiana | Orleans | |||
| 1868 | 09 | Georgia | Mitchell | |||
| 1868 | 09 | Louisiana | Opelousas | |||
| 1868 | 10 | Louisiana | St. Bernard | |||
| 1868 | 07 | Texas | Brazos | [3] | ||
| 1869 | n/a | Florida | Jackson | Ongoing for almost two years | ||
| Eutaw massacre | 1870 | Alabama | ||||
| 1871 | 03 | Mississippi | Lauderdale | |||
| Colfax massacre | 1873 | 04 | Louisiana | Grant | ||
| Election Massacre of 1874 | 1874 | 11 | Alabama | Barbour | ||
| Coushatta massacre | 1874 | 08 | Louisiana | Red River | ||
| Vicksburg massacre | 1874 | 12 | Mississippi | Warren | Ongoing for almost one month[4] [5] | |
| Battle of Liberty Place | 1874 | 09 | Louisiana | New Orleans | ||
| Clinton Riot | 1875 | 09 | Mississippi | Hinds | ||
| 1876 | 07 | South Carolina | Aiken | |||
| Ellenton riot | 1876 | 09 | South Carolina | Aiken |