Free rifle at the Olympics explained
| Event: | Free rifle at the OlympicsFree rifle |
| Sport: | Shooting |
| Gender: | Men and women |
| Yearsheld: | Men: At least one event every year shooting has been held (i.e., excl. 1904 and 1928)
Women: 1984–2020 |
The free rifle is a group of events held at the Olympics, beginning in 1896 and continuing to the current programme. Current nomenclature drops the "free" and refers to the event type as the "rifle." The women's 50-metre version has also been called the "standard" and "sport" rifle. The "free" rifle is distinct from the military, air, and small-bore rifle events.
The current Olympic program includes two free rifle events: the ISSF 50 meter rifle three positions for both men (since 1952) and women (since 1984; women were nominally allowed to compete with the men from 1968 to 1980, although very few women participated these years). Two other events were held for numerous Games: the 300 m rifle three positions for men from 1900 to 1920 and from 1948 to 1972 and the ISSF 50 meter rifle prone for men from 1912 to 2016 (excluding 1920 and 1924). The 300 m rifle prone is a shooting discipline held at the world championships but never consistently at the Olympics.
In 1896, a 300-meter free rifle event was held without position requirements. In 1900, medals were awarded for each of the three positions in the 300-metre free rifle competition, using the scores from the full individual event. Four team events were held, with individual scores summed to give a team result in 1900 and 1920 and separate team shooting in 1908 and 1912. A 600-meter event for men was held in 1912, a 600-meter prone event for men in 1924, and a 1000-yard event for men in 1908.
50 m rifle three positions
Men
Multiple medalists
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | align=left data-sort-value="Cooper, Malcolm" | | | 1984–1988 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| align=left data-sort-value="Campriani, Niccolò" | | | 2012–2016 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | align=left data-sort-value="Writer, John" | | | 1968–1972 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| align=left data-sort-value="Bassham, Lanny" | | | 1972–1976 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | align=left data-sort-value="Debevec, Rajmond" | | | 2000, 2008 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | align=left data-sort-value="Allan, Alister" | | | 1984–1988 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Medalists by nation
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | | 3 | 5 | 1 | 9 |
| 2 | | 3 | 1 | 3 | 8 |
| 3 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 5 | | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 6 | | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 10 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 11 | | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 12 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 13 | | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 20 | | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 22 | | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Women
Multiple medalists
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | align=left data-sort-value="Renata, Mauer" | | | 1996–2000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| align=left data-sort-value="Du Li" | | | 2008, 2016 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
Medalists by nation
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 2 | | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 4 | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 6 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 8 | | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 9 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 10 | | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 12 | | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
50 m rifle prone
Men
Multiple medalists
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | align=left data-sort-value="Hammerl, László" | | | 1964–1968 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| align=left data-sort-value="Emmons, Matthew" | | | 2004–2008 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | align=left data-sort-value="Martynov, Sergei" | | | 2000–2004, 2012 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | |
Medalists by nation
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | | 4 | 5 | 2 | 11 |
| 2 | | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| 3 | | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 5 | | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 6 | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 7 | | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 8 | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 10 | | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 11 | | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 13 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 16 | | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 17 | | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 23 | | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
300 m rifle three positions
Men
Multiple medalists
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | align=left data-sort-value="Anderson, Gary" | | | 1964–1968 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | align=left data-sort-value="Borisov, Vasily" | | | 1956–1960 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | align=left data-sort-value="Larsen, Niels" | | | 1912–1920 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Medalists by nation
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| 2 | | 2 | 4 | 2 | 8 |
| 3 | | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| 4 | | 1 | 0 | 4 | 5 |
| 5 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 8 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 9 | | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
300 m free rifle
Men
300 m rifle kneeling
Men
300 m rifle prone
Men
300 m rifle standing
Men
300 m rifle team
Men
Multiple medalists
| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | align=left data-sort-value="Sæther, Ole" | | | 1900, 1908–1912 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| align=left data-sort-value="Helgerud, Albert" | | | 1908–1920 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| align=left data-sort-value="Skatteboe, Gudbrand" | | | 1908–1920 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | align=left data-sort-value="Jonsson, Gustaf Adolf" | | | 1908–1912 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| align=left data-sort-value="Liberg, Einar" | | | 1908–1912 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| align=left data-sort-value="Sæther, Olaf" | | | 1908–1912 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 7 | align=left data-sort-value="Østensen, Østen" | | | 1912–1920 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
Medalists by nation
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|
| 1 | | 1 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 6 | | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
600 m rifle
Men
600 m rifle prone
Men
1000 yd rifle
Men
1908 London
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