| H. Frederik Nijhout | |
| Birth Name: | Herman Frederik Nijhout |
| Birth Date: | 25 November 1947 |
| Nationality: | American |
| Fields: | Entomology Evolutionary developmental biology |
| Workplaces: | Duke University |
| Education: | University of Notre Dame Harvard University |
| Thesis Title: | The control of molting and metamorphosis in the tobacco hornworm |
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| Thesis Year: | 1974 |
| Doctoral Advisor: | Carroll M. Williams |
| Academic Advisors: | George B. Craig[1] |
| Known For: | Research on developmental biology of insects |
| Awards: | A.O. Kowalevsky Medal (2015) |
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Herman Frederik Nijhout (born November 25, 1947)[2] is a Dutch-born American evolutionary biologist and the John Franklin Crowell Professor of Biology at Duke University. His research is focused on evolutionary developmental biology and entomology, with a particular focus on the hormonal control of growth, molting and metamorphosis in insects, including the mechanisms that control the development of alternative phenotypes.[3] Much of his work has also been concerned with understanding the development and evolution of the wing patterns of butterflies.[4] He received the ESA Founders' Memorial Award from the Entomological Society of America in 2006.[5] In 2015, he was awarded the A.O. Kowalevsky Medal, and in 2018, he was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.[6]