| Francis Gordon Caffey | |
| Office: | Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York |
| Term Start: | October 31, 1947 |
| Term End: | September 20, 1951 |
| Office1: | Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York |
| Term Start1: | April 30, 1929 |
| Term End1: | October 31, 1947 |
| Appointer1: | Herbert Hoover |
| Predecessor1: | Seat established by 45 Stat. 1317 |
| Successor1: | Sylvester J. Ryan |
| Birth Name: | Francis Gordon Caffey |
| Birth Date: | 28 October 1868 |
| Birth Place: | Gordonville, Alabama |
| Death Place: | Verbena, Alabama |
| Education: | Samford University (A.M.) Harvard University (A.B., A.M.) Harvard Law School |
| Signature: | Signature of Francis Gordon Caffey (1868–1951).png |
Francis Gordon Caffey (October 28, 1868 – September 20, 1951) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.
Born on October 28, 1868, in Gordonville, Alabama, Caffey received an Artium Magister degree in 1887 from Howard College (now Samford University), an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1891 from Harvard University, an Artium Magister degree in 1892 from the same institution and attended Harvard Law School. He was a Lieutenant Colonel in the Third Alabama Volunteer Infantry during the Spanish–American War. He entered private practice in Montgomery, Alabama from 1894 to 1902. He was Judge Advocate General for the office of the Governor of Alabama from 1900 to 1902. He returned to private practice in New York City, New York from 1902 to 1912. He was a solicitor for the United States Department of Agriculture from 1913 to 1917. He was the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York from 1917 to 1921. He returned to private practice in New York City from 1921 to 1929.
Caffey briefly gained notoriety when his name was associated with possible political advocacy on the part of the Department of Justice. Just two weeks before the 1920 election, John R. Rathom, publisher of the Providence Journal, charged that the Democratic candidate for Vice President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, had acted improperly while Assistant Secretary of the Navy in releasing sailors convicted on morals charges from Portsmouth Naval Prison. Caffey, once the Attorney General had telegraphed his authorization, released a lengthy document from Justice Department files that discredited Rathom. A report in the New York Times suggested that he may have acted with undue enthusiasm: "Some surprise was shown at the [D]epartment [of Justice]...that District Attorney Caffey had given the entire Rathom letter to the newspapers. He had been authorized, it was said, to make public 'excerpts'".[1]
Caffey was nominated by President Herbert Hoover on April 18, 1929, to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, to a new seat authorized by 45 Stat. 1317. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 29, 1929, and received his commission on April 30, 1929. He assumed senior status on October 31, 1947. His service terminated on September 20, 1951, due to his death in Verbena, Alabama.